- Heteroaryl-substuted semicarbazones: Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of N-(3-methylpyridin-2-yl)-substituted semicarbazones
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A series of substituted N-(3-methylpyridin-2-yl) semicarbazones was designed and synthesized to meet the structural requirements essential for anticonvulsant activity. The structures of all the synthesized compounds were confirmed by means of spectral and elemental analysis. All the compounds were evaluated for their anticonvulsant activity by maximal electroshock seizures (MES) test, subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) screen, subcutaneous strychnine (scSTY) pattern test and subcutaneous picrotoxin (scPIC) seizure threshold test along with the behavioral, and neurotoxicity evaluation. A number of N-(3-methylpyridin-2-yl) semicarbazone derivatives exhibited significant protection after intraperitoneal administration at the dose of 100 and 300 mg/kg. Compound N1-(3-methylpyridin-2-yl)-N4-(isatin) semicarbazone (19) emerged as the most active analogue of the series, being more effective in most of the test models than ethosuximide and sodium valporate.
- Mehta, Shalini,Pavana, Roheeth Kumar,Yogeeswari, Perumal,Sriram, Dharmarajan,Stables, James
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- Formation and decomposition of nitrocyanamide in strong mineral acids
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Nitrourea is the major product of acid-catalyzed decomposition of nitrocyanamide. Study of the kinetics of this process in aqueous sulfuric and nitric acid unexpectedly revealed a fairly high resistance of nitrocyanamide to acids, so that it can be synthesized not only in alkaline but also in strongly acid media.
- Astrat'ev,Kuznetsov
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- Preparation method of HMX
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The invention discloses a preparation method of HMX. The preparation method comprises the steps of dissolving dinitrogen pentoxide into an organic solvent to form a nitrating agent; slowly adding ammonium salt into the nitrating agent, and adding DPT in batches to obtain reactants; controlling the temperature of the materials to be 0-10 DEG C in a feeding process, heating the reactants up to 20-35 DEG C, and carrying out a reaction at the constant temperature for 20-60min; after the reaction is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain solid; washing the obtained solid, drying in the air, and purifying to obtain the HMX, wherein the organic solvent is selected from acetonitrile and dichloromethane, and the ammonium salt is selected from tetramethyl ammonium chloride, ammonium carbonate, ammonium acetate and ammonium oxalate. The preparation method provided by the invention is mild in reaction conditions and easy in separation of products, and needs a less amount of acid; the system does not produce waste acid, thus being low in treatment cost; furthermore, the preparation method greatly increases the yield of the HMX.
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Paragraph 0029-0034; 0043; 0051; 0059
(2017/10/31)
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- Ammonium bromide as an effective and viable catalyst in the oxidation of sulfides using nitro urea and silica sulfuric acid
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A new catalytic method for the chemoselective oxidation of sulfides to the sulfoxides has been studied. A variety of dialkyl, alkylaryl and diaryl sulfides were subjected to the oxidation reaction by a mixture of nitro urea, derived from urea nitrate, silica sulfuric acid (SiO2-OSO3H) and catalytic amounts of ammonium bromide in CH2Cl2 at room temperature.
- Ghorbani-Choghamarani,Zamani
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experimental part
p. 142 - 148
(2012/01/03)
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- Metal-free oxidative coupling of thiols to disulfides using guanidinium nitrate or nitro urea in the presence of silica sulfuric acid
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Efficient combination of nitro urea or guanidinium nitrate and silica sulfuric acid (SiO2OSO3H) as a new oxidizing system is able to oxidize a variety of aliphatic or aromatic thiols to the corresponding disulfides. The process reported here is operationally simple, environmentally benign and reactions have been mildly and heterogeneously performed in dichloromethane at room temperature. Indian Academy of Sciences.
- Ghorbani-Choghamarani, Arash,Nikoorazm, Mohsen,Goudarziafshar, Hamid,Shokr, Alireza,Almasi, Hosein
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experimental part
p. 453 - 457
(2012/03/26)
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- Metal-Free oxidation of urazole and 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives under mild and heterogeneous conditions by nitro urea, derived from urea nitrate, and silica sulfuric acid
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Mild combination of nitro urea, derived from urea nitrate, and silica sulfuric acid (SiO2OSO3H) might act as an efficient oxidizing media, which could be able to oxidize different types of heterocyclic compounds including urazoles and 1,4-dihydropyridines. The process presented here is operationally simple, environmentally benign, and reactions have been mildly carried out in dichloromethane at room temperature.
- Ghorbani-Choghamarani, Arash,Zolfigol, Mohammad A.,Hajjami, Maryam,Rastgoo, Shahrbanoo,Mallakpour, Shadpour
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experimental part
p. 249 - 254
(2011/07/30)
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- Urea nitrate and nitrourea: powerful and regioselective aromatic nitration agents
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Urea nitrate (UN) and nitrourea (NU), easily prepared from urea and nitric acid, convert deactivated aromatic compounds to the corresponding nitrated derivatives with a high yield and a high regioselectivity under very mild conditions. The performance of the two reagents is quite similar indicating that NU is an intermediate in the UN nitration process.
- Almog, Joseph,Klein, Asne,Sokol, Anat,Sasson, Yoel,Sonenfeld, Dana,Tamiri, Tsippy
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p. 8651 - 8652
(2007/10/03)
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- UREA-, GLYCERATE- AND, HYDROXYAMIDE-HEADED HYDROCARBON CHAIN LYOTROPIC PHASES FORMING SURFACTANTS
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The invention provides a compound containing a head group based on urea, glycerol or glycerate and a tail selected from the group consisting of a branched alkyl chain, a branched alkyloxy chain or an alkenyl chain. The compounds may be used as surfactants to form a lyotropic phase that is stable in excess polar solution.
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- Synthesis and Some Properties of 1,2-Dinitroguanidine
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1,2-Dinitroguanidine is a product of nitroguanidine nitration with nitric acid and its mixtures with sulfuric acid and oleum. It is a diacid (pK a 1.11, ～11.5) and at the same time a weak base undergoing protonation at the nitrogen of the amino group (pKBH+ -5.81). The decomposition kinetics of 1,2-dinitroguanidine was studied by spectrophotometric method both in acid and alkaline media, and the mechanism of the process was assumed. In the media of high acidity (Ho > -8) the 1,2-dinitroguanidine suffers reversible denitration into nitroguanidine. At lower acidity its conjugate acid or molecular form undergoes hydrolysis yielding nitrourea. Monoanion of 1,2-dinitroguanidine in a weak acid or in an alkali is hydrolyzed into N,N′-dinitrourea. The reaction of 1,2-dinitroguanidine with alkali in alcohol provides its salts, with nitrogen-containing bases form both salts and derivatives of 2-nitroguanidine. The treatment of 1,2-dinitroguanidine with haloalkanes results in its N-alkylated products.
- Astrat'yev,Dashko,Kuznetsov
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p. 501 - 512
(2007/10/03)
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- Chemistry of urea nitro derivatives: II. Synthesis of nitramide from N,N′-dinitrourea. New reactions of nitramide
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Study of the hydrolysis of N,N′-dinitrourea resulted in the development of convenient procedures for synthesizing nitramide on the basis of urea. New reactions of nitramide were examined.
- Lobanova,Il'yasov,Popov,Sataev
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