- Highly Efficient Trivalent Americium/Europium Separation by Phenanthroline-Derived Bis(pyrazole) Ligands
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The synthesis, Eu3+ complexation, and solvent extraction of Am3+ and Eu3+ from nitric acid solutions by tetradentate phenanthroline-derived bis(pyrazole) (BPPhen) ligands were described. By using meta-nitrobenzotrifluoride as diluent, BPPhen ligands in combination with 2-bromohexanoic acid extracted Am3+ and Eu3+ with remarkably high efficiency, excellent selectivity, and fast extraction kinetics. Stripping posed no issues. The ligands also showed excellent hydrolytic stability and acid tolerance. 2-Bromohexanoic anion neutralized the charge and increased the lipophilicity of the extracted ion pair. The extraction conformed to a cation exchange model. Slope analysis demonstrated the extraction of 1:2 metal/ligand complexes. Analyses by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy, Raman, and Fourier transform infrared techniques indicated that the composition of the extracted species is [Eu(nOct-BPPhen)2(H2O)]3+. The formation of 1:2 complexes was also confirmed by UV-vis spectroscopic titration and microcalorimetric titration methods. Meanwhile, the stability constants (K) and the thermodynamic parameters (ΔH, ΔS, ΔG) for the complexation of Eu3+ with nOct-BPPhen were presented too.
- Liu, Ying,Yang, Xiuying,Ding, Songdong,Wang, Zhipeng,Zhang, Lirong,Song, Lianjun,Chen, Zhili,Wang, Xueyu
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- Development of the Smartphone-Assisted Colorimetric Detection of Thorium by Using New Schiff's Base and Its Applications to Real Time Samples
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In this paper, a new Th4+ ion-selective chromogenic sensor (L) was developed by reacting 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dicarbohydrazide with 2-hydroxy naphthaldehyde. The sensing ability of L toward Th4+ was investigated in solution and paper strips loaded with L using spectrophotometric and colorimetric methods. The selective interaction of L was examined with various f-metal ions and other selected metal ions from s-block and d-block elements. Results show that by the colorimetric method in solution-phase dimethyl sulfoxide/H2O (7:3, v/v) and paper strip methods, the naked-eye detectable color change of L occurred from colorless solution to yellow-orange and pale yellow colour upon interacting with Th4+ and Al3+, respectively, whereas other metal ions did not interfere. The ligand L exhibits two absorbance bands at 320 and 375 nm because of ligand-to-ligand charge transfer. Upon interaction with Th4+, L undergoes red shift of both absorption bands and the formation of a new UV-vis band at 335 and 440 nm. The UV-visible spectral studies indicate the formation of a 1:1 host-guest complex between L and Th4+ with an association constant of 4.7 × 103 M-1. The limit of quantification and limit of detection of L for the analysis of Th4+ are found to be 167 and 50 nM, respectively. The visually detectable color change of L has been well integrated with a smartphone RGB color value to make it an analytical signal for real-time analysis of Th4+ with the detection limit down to 116 nM. Besides, L was applied for the analysis of Th4+ content present in various real water samples, monazite, and lantern mantle samples by spectrophotometry and RGB color values. The binding mode of L with Th4+ is investigated by 1H NMR, electrospray ionization-mass, and theoretical studies.
- Selva Kumar,Kumar, S. K. Ashok,Vijayakrishna, Kari,Sivaramakrishna, Akella,Brahmmananda Rao,Sivaraman,Sahoo, Suban K.
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- Towards understanding the correlation between UO22+ extraction and substitute groups in 2,9-diamide-1,10-phenanthroline
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2,9-Diamide-1,10-phenanthroline (DAPhen) ligands represent a new family of tetradentate extractants given their strong affinity to actinides and the CHON principle. Among this family, N,N′-diethyl-N,N′-ditolyl-2,9-diamide-1,10-phenanthroline (Et-Tol-DAPhen), initially reported by us, exhibits excellent selectivity towards actinides (U, Th, Am, Pu) over lanthanides and thus can be potentially applied in the group actinide extraction (GANEX) process for the group separation of actinides. In this article, by tailoring the lengths of alkyl chains, we synthesized other four DAPhen ligands with different substitute groups in the diamide moieties, and characterized the relationship between properties and substitute groups of DAPhen ligand. The extraction results show that three of the ligands exhibit high performance in UO22+ extraction from an acidic solution and the extracted UO22+ can be easily stripped by only using ultrapure water. Spectrophotometry titration confirms that UO22+ combined with all the four ligands in 1:1 mode. The extended X-ray absorption finestructure (EXAFS) study shows that six donor atoms comprise the first equatorial shell of the UO22+ ions bonded by the DAPhen ligands, among which two nitrogen and two oxygen atoms are from the DAPhen ligand, while other two oxygen atoms are from one nitrate ions. This article promises to provide basic data for assessing the feasibility of this kind of DAPhen ligands applied in actinides separation from nuclear wastes.
- Chai, Zhifang,Shi, Weiqun,Yuan, Liyong,Zhang, Xinrui
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- Design and in situ synthesis of a Cu-based porous framework featuring isolated double chain magnetic character
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A Cu-based double chain MOF was synthesized in hydrothermal conditions using an in situ ligand formation method. This double chain MOF shows temperature dependent ferromagnetic (long range ordering) and antiferromagnetic (intra double chain) coupling. The magnetic behaviour originating from the individual double chain remains almost same even after structural collapse due to the removal of guest water molecules.
- Dey, Chandan,Das, Raja,Krishna Saha, Binoy,Poddar, Pankaj,Banerjee, Rahul
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- A novel 1,10-phenanthroline based chemosensor for differential metal ion sensing and constructing molecular logic gates
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A simple tailor-made amidic functionality based on 1,10-phenanthroline unit (1) gave differential absorption changes with only metal ions viz. Cd2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+ ions. In CH3CN solution of 1, addition of Cd2+ and Zn2+ ions resulted in bathochromic shift of ~65 nm, whereas Cu2+ ions resulted in hyperchromic effect with only ~15 nm bathochromic shift. These differential changes observed with Cd2+ and Cu2+ ions addition enabled chemosensor 1 to construct 'IMLICATION' and 'TRANSFER' logic gates. The observed binding constant values were found to be in order of Cd2+ > Zn2+ > Cu2+.
- Kaur, Navneet,Alreja, Priya
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- Highly selective and potent anti-cancer agents based on 2,9-substituted-1,10-phenanthroline derivatives
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A study concerning on in-vitro anticancer evaluation of structurally tuned 1,10-phenanthroline at 2,9 positions with different functional groups such as –CH3 (S1), >C[dbnd]O (S2), –COOH (S3), –COOCH3 (S4) and –CONHNH2 (S5) were described. The solubility data revealed that all ligands were completely soluble in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) and moderately soluble in water. The photo-physical properties of these ligands revealed that a common absorption peak appeared in the region of 270–300 nm and emission spectra in the region of 330–510 nm with a large Stokes shift of 85 nm. The binding constant of ligands (S1-S5) with calf-thymus deoxyribonucleic acid (CT-DNA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were found to be 105 M?1 and 104 M?1 respectively. The fluorescence quenching of ethidium bromide (EtBr) from DNA upon addition of ligand was confirmed from binding affinity values KSV (104 M?1) and Kapp (106 M?1). The mode of interaction of ligand with DNA is either by intercalation or groove binding this is further supported by viscosity and in-silico studies. The gel electrophoresis studies exhibited that S4 and S5 have cleaved plasmid DNA completely within 60 min while rest of the ligands took more than 60 min. The cytotoxicity study of these ligands (S1-S5) were conducted with two different cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and HeLa) and their performance were compared with normal HEK-293 cells. The study revealed that ligands S5 and S4 were found to be least inhibitory concentration (IC50) and high selectivity factor values of 7.66 μM/12.97 and 13.35 μM/6.19 with respect to HeLa and MDA-MB-231 cell lines while ligands S1-S3 showed high IC50 values compare to doxorubicin. However, both S5 and S4 ligands have been displayed higher cytotoxicity effect than doxorubicin and least effect on normal cell HEK-293.
- Ashok Kumar, S. K.,De, Sourav
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- Selective separation of trivalent f-ions using 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dicarboxamide ligands in ionic liquids
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1,10-Phenanthroline-2,9-dicarboxamide complexants decorated with alkyl chains and imidazolium cations have been studied for extraction of trivalent f-ions into imidazolium ionic liquids. The dicationic complexants are shown to extract Am over Eu with separation factors >50 and high extraction efficiencies. The different size selectivities for lanthanide ions were observed for these two types of complexants, highlighting the importance of the positive charge in controlling both extraction efficiencies and extraction selectivities.
- Dehaudt, Jérémy,Williams, Neil J.,Shkrob, Ilya A.,Luo, Huimin,Dai, Sheng
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- An Improved Route for the Synthesis of Guanine Quadruplex Ligand Phen-DC3
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The recognition of noncanonical DNA and RNA architectures such as guanine quadruplexes by small molecule ligands has become a promising strategy for anticancer and antiviral applications in recent years, leading to an exponential increase in the number of quadruplex ligands reported in the literature. There is consequently a need for 'benchmark' compounds which can be used as controls to facilitate comparisons between novel and previously reported ligands. One candidate for this role is Phen-DC3, which binds with high affinity and selectivity to guanine quadruplexes. To encourage its use in this role, an alternate synthetic route for the production of Phen-DC3 that may be more appropriate for implementation on a large scale is reported. This pathway eliminates the need for several hazardous reagents and increases the overall synthetic yield from 21% to a maximum of 43%.
- Miron, Caitlin E.,Petitjean, Anne
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- New 2,9-disubstituted-1,10-phenanthroline derivatives with anticancer activity by selective targeting of telomeric G-quadruplex DNA
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Fifteen new 1,10-phenanthrolines disubstituted at positions 2 and 9 via amide bonds with different heterocycles have been designed and synthesized as G-quadruplex DNA stabilizers. Ten compounds were evaluated for the in vitro anticancer activity against 60 human tumor cell lines panel, four of them showing a very good inhibitory activity on several cell lines. To assess the ability of the most active compounds to interact with G-quadruplex DNA (G4-DNA), circular dichroism experiments were performed. The potency of the compounds to stabilize the G4-DNA has been shown from the thermal denaturation experiments. The mechanism of compounds binding to DNA and to G4-DNA was theoretically investigated by molecular docking studies. The experimental results demonstrated excellent capacity of the two compounds bearing two pyridin-3-yl residues (methylated and non-methylated) to act as selective G-quadruplex binders with promising anticancer activity.
- Craciun, Anda-Mihaela,Rotaru, Alexandru,Cojocaru, Corneliu,Mangalagiu, Ionel I.,Danac, Ramona
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- Phenanthroline-derived dipyrazole extractant as well as preparation method and application thereof
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The invention discloses a double-pyrazole extracting agent derived from o-phenanthroline with the following structural general formula, and a preparation method and application of the double-pyrazoleextracting agent. In the formula, R is any one selected from n-octyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, ethyl, pyridyl and phenyl. The double-pyrazole extracting agent derived from the o-phenanthroline provided by the invention has a unique rigid structure and an alkyl chain for improving the solubility, and simultaneously only four elements of C, H, O and N are contained, so that the extraction kinetics of a separation extraction system can be greatly increased, the extraction capacity of an organic phase can be increased, secondary pollutants cannot be produced, and thus the environmental protection is facilitated. The extraction agent can be used to separate Ans (actinide elements)/Lns (lanthanide elements), and can not only form a separation extraction system of the Ans/Lns, but also can be used to form a separation reverse extraction system of the Ans/Lns.
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Paragraph 0047; 0049; 0052; 0061; 0063; 0066; 0070; 0072
(2021/04/03)
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- Selective Separation of Am(III)/Eu(III) by the QL-DAPhen Ligand under High Acidity: Extraction, Spectroscopy, and Theoretical Calculations
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Although 1,10-phenanthroline-based ligands have recently shown vast opportunities for the separation of trivalent actinides (Ans(III)) from lanthanides (Lns(III)), the optimization and design of the extractant structure based on the phenanthroline framework remain hotspots for further improving the separation. Following the strategy of hard and soft donor atom combination, for the first time, the quinoline group was attached to the 1,10-phenanthroline skeleton, giving a lipophilic ligand, 2,9-diacyl-bis((3,4-dihydroquinoline-1((2H)-yl)-1),10-phenanthroline (QL-DAPhen)), for Am(III)/Eu(III) separation. In the presence of sodium nitrate, the ligand can effectively extract Am(III) over Eu(III) in HNO3 solution, with the separation factor (SFAm/Eu) ranging from 29 to 44. The coordination chemistry of Eu(III) with QL-DAPhen was investigated by slope analysis, NMR titration, UV–vis titration, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry, and theoretical calculations. The experimental results unanimously confirm that the ligand forms both 1:1 and 1:2 complexes with Eu(III), and the stability constants (log β) of each of the two complexes were obtained. Density functional theory calculations show that the Am–N bonds have more covalent characteristics than the Eu–N bonds in the complexes, which reveals the reason why the ligand preferentially bonds with Am(III). Meanwhile, the thermodynamic analysis reveals that the 1:1 complex is more thermodynamically stable than the 1:2 complex. The findings of this work have laid a solid theoretical foundation for the application of phenanthroline-based ligands in the separation of An(III) from practical systems.
- Wang, Shuai,Wang, Cui,Yang, Xiao-Fan,Yu, Ji-Pan,Tao, Wu-Qing,Yang, Su-Liang,Ren, Peng,Yuan, Li-Yong,Chai, Zhi-Fang,Shi, Wei-Qun
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p. 19110 - 19119
(2021/12/13)
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- Palladium-Catalyzed Butoxycarbonylation of Polybromo(hetero)arenes: A Practical Method for the Preparation of (Hetero)arenepolycarboxylates and -carboxylic Acids
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The palladium-catalyzed alkoxycarbonylation of polybromo (hetero)arenes was investigated systematically. The results show that cheap and readily available in situ Pd(OAc) 2/ rac -BINAP catalyst can catalyze the butoxycarbonylation of various polybromo(hetero)arenes efficiently, and gave (hetero)arenepolycarboxylates with moderate to high yield (59-94%). Using this method, two new compounds, 4,4'-bis(butoxycarbonyl)-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol and dibutyl [2,2'-bipyrimidine]-5,5'-dicarboxylate, are reported for the first time. In addition, the gram-scale preparation of carboxylate and carboxylic acids was successful performed by butoxycarbonylation followed by hydrolysis. This shows the wide scope of substrates and practical applications of the Pd(OAc) 2/ rac -BINAP catalytic system. Moreover, these carboxylic acids and carboxylates can be used as ligands or structural units to construct MOFs, metal complexes, and COFs etc.
- Ji, Baoming,Jing, Yongkang,Liang, Rong,Lu, Zhiqiang,Wu, Weilong,Yan, Xianghe,Zhang, Deyi
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- A multifunctional catenated host for the efficient binding of Eu3+ and Gd3+
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A new multifunctional [2]catenane is synthesized by using a phenanthroline-based heteroditopic wheel and Axle, which acts as a receptor for the efficient binding of lanthanide ions such as Eu3+ and Gd3+.
- Nandi, Mandira,Bej, Somnath,Ghosh, Tamal Kanti,Ghosh, Pradyut
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supporting information
p. 3085 - 3088
(2019/04/05)
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- Pd-Ce nanoparticles supported on functional Fe-MIL-101-NH2: An efficient catalyst for selective glycerol oxidation
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Metal organic framework Fe-MIL-101-NH2 was prepared at different reaction time. The morphology of the Fe-MIL-101-NH2 slightly changed following a longer reaction time; the crystal structure remained. Neocuproine ligand coordinating palladium complex has demonstrated high activity in selective glycerol oxidation towards 1,3-dihydroxyacetone (DHA). Neocuproine ligand was attached to MOF Fe-MIL-101-NH2 by forming an amide (CO[sbnd]NH) bond in this work. The functional Fe-MIL-101-NH2 was used as catalyst supports to hold palladium and cerium nanoparticles. The resulting composite of the Pd-Ce/Fe-MIL-101[sbnd]N[dbnd]CHNeocuproine was found to be a high efficient catalyst in the selective oxidation conversion of glycerol to dihydroxyacetone in comparison with catalysts Pd/Fe-MIL-101[sbnd]N[dbnd]CHNeocuproine and Pt-Bi/C. The catalysts and products were analyzed by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TEM and 1H, 13C NMR spectroscopy. In addition, the supported catalyst is recyclable with sustainable activity.
- Li, Xinhang,Tjiptoputro, Adrian Kaizen,Ding, Jun,Xue, Jun Min,Zhu, Yinghuai
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- Excellent selectivity for actinides with a tetradentate 2,9-diamide-1,10-phenanthroline ligand in highly acidic solution: A hard-soft donor combined strategy
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In this work, we reported a phenanthroline-based tetradentate ligand with hard-soft donors combined in the same molecule, N,N′-diethyl-N,N′- ditolyl-2,9-diamide-1,10-phenanthroline (Et-Tol-DAPhen), for the group separation of actinides over lanthanides. The synthesis and solvent extraction as well as complexation behaviors of the ligand with actinides and lanthanides are studied experimentally and theoretically. The ligand exhibits excellent extraction ability and high selectivity toward hexavalent, tetravalent, and trivalent actinides over lanthanides in highly acidic solution. The chemical stoichiometry of Th(IV) and U(VI) complexes with Et-Tol-DAPhen is determined to be 1:1 using X-ray crystallography. The stability constants of some typical actinide and lanthanide complexes of Et-Tol-DAPhen are also determined in methanol by UV-vis spectrometry. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the An-N bonds of the Et-Tol-DAPhen complexes have more covalent characters than the corresponding Eu-N bonds, which may in turn lead to the selectivity of Et-Tol-DAPhen toward actinides. This ligand possesses merits of both alkylamide and 2,9-bis-(5,6-dialkyl-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline (R-BTPhen) extractants for efficient actinide extraction and the selectivity toward minor actinides over lanthanides and hence renders huge potential opportunities in high-level liquid waste (HLLW) partitioning.
- Xiao, Cheng-Liang,Wang, Cong-Zhi,Yuan, Li-Yong,Li, Bin,He, Hui,Wang, Shuao,Zhao, Yu-Liang,Chai, Zhi-Fang,Shi, Wei-Qun
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p. 1712 - 1720
(2014/03/21)
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- Promoting the formation and stabilization of human telomeric G-quadruplex DNA, inhibition of telomerase and cytotoxicity by phenanthroline derivatives
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Four new di-substituted phenanthroline-based compounds a-d have been designed and prepared, and they have been shown to induce the formation of anti-parallel structure of human telomeric G-quadruplex DNA by CD spectra. FRET assay indicates that the melting temperature increases (ΔTm values) of G-quadruplex in buffer (pH 7.4) containing 100 mM NaCl are 31.6, 34.6, 17.8 and 32.6°C for the compounds (1.0 μM) a, b, c and d, respectively. Competitive FRET assay shows that the four compounds exhibit a high G-quadruplex DNA selectivity over duplex DNA. Three of the compounds are the potent telomerase inhibitors and HeLa cell proliferation inhibitors.
- Wang, Lihua,Wen, Ye,Liu, Jie,Zhou, Jun,Li, Can,Wei, Chunying
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scheme or table
p. 2648 - 2653
(2011/05/15)
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- Highly efficient G-quadruplex recognition by bisquinolinium compounds
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Syntheses and telomeric G-quadruplex-DNA binding properties of novel bisquinolinium compounds are reported. This series exhibits remarkable efficiency both in terms of stabilization and selectivity, thus combining the performances of the most potent quadruplex binders reported so far. These bisquinolinium compounds then represent an ideal tradeoff between rapid synthetic access and efficient target recognition. The study also highlights important structural parameters that lead to the design of highly selective G-quadruplex binders. Copyright
- De Cian, Anne,DeLemos, Elsa,Mergny, Jean-Louis,Teulade-Fichou, Marie-Paule,Monchaud, David
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p. 1856 - 1857
(2008/01/27)
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- Preparation of some new intercalating europium(III) sensitizers
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The synthesis of phenanthridinium salts linked to a chelating phenanthroline-2,9-dicarboxylic acid group, as in 1 and 2, is described.These derivatives behave as useful probes for the identification of DNA single strands in a new homogeneous assay.
- Mullins, Stephen T.,Sammes, Peter G.,West, Richard M.,Yahioglu, Gokhan
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- Recognition by A New Chiral Dimethyl-substituted Phenanthrolino-18-Crown-6 Diester Ligand of the Enantiomers of Various Organic Ammonium Perchlorates
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The new chiral dimethyl-substituted phenanthrolino-18-crown-6 diester ligands and (see Figure 1) were prepared through the reactions of 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dicarboxylyl dichloride with (S,S)-dimethyl-substituted triethylene glycol and (S,S)-dimethyl-substituted benzotriethylene glycol, respectively.The complexation of (S,S)-3 with the enantiomers of various organic ammonium perchlorates in various solvent systems was studied by 1H nmr spectral techniques and molecular mechanics.The degree of enantiomeric recognition was determined by the difference in the free energy of activation values (ΔΔGC) and the difference in log K values for these interactions.The extensive ? system in the ligand plays an important role for the strong interaction and recognition.The 1H nmr NOESY spectra and molecular mechanics calculations for the interactions of the new ligand with the organic ammonium salts further proved the existence of a ?-? interaction.
- Wang, Tingmin,Bradshaw, Jerald S.,Huszthy, Peter,Kou, Xiaolan,Dalley, N. Kent,Izatt, Reed M.
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- Synthesis of some 2,9-Disubstituted-1,10-phenanthrolines
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A series of symmetrically disubstituted compounds, with substituents linked to the ring through a carbon atom, has been prepared from 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline.NMR data are also reported.
- Chandler, Christopher J.,Deady, Leslie W.,Reiss, James A.
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p. 599 - 602
(2007/10/02)
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