- N-n-Alkyl N,N-dimethylammonioacetic acid bromides: The first complete series of crystal and molecular structure determinations of an amphiphilic compound with alkyl chain lengths n = 1 ,..., 16
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The molecular and crystal structures of 16 N-n-alkyl N,N-dimethylammonioacetic acid bromides with chain lengths between n = 1 and n = 16 have been determined. All compounds from n = 5 to n = 16 form bilayers with interdigitated chains. The even-numbered c
- Rudert, Rainer,Schulz, Burkhard,Reck, Guenter,Vollhardt, Dieter,Kriwanek, Joerg
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p. 124 - 131
(2007/10/03)
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- Reactions with Betaines, XXIV: Reactions of Trimethylammonium Acetic Acid Betaine with Reactive Halides
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Diethyl bromomalonate and bromoacetonitrile, respectively, react with trimethylammonium acetic acid betaine in ethanol to give diethyl tartronate and glycolic acid nitrile, respectively.By analogy, ethyl α-chloroacetonate and ethyl bromopyruvate yield the respective hydroxy derivatives which were identified by their osazones 2 and 3.Under the same experimental conditions, mesoxalic acid and its dimethyl ester, respectively, are formed from dibromo malonic acid and its dimethyl ester and were characterized by their known hydrazones 8 and 9. - Keywords: Trimethylammonium acetic acid betaine; Diethyl tartronate; 1-Carbethoxy-2-methyl-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) osazone; 1-Carbetoxy-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) osazone; Glycolic acid nitrile.
- Ziegler, Erich,Wittmann, Helga,Sterk, Heinz
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p. 907 - 912
(2007/10/02)
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- Reactions with Betaines, XXIII. Reactions of Nitrogen- and Sulphur-Betaines with Reactive Halides
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Trimethylammonium acetic betain (1) reacts with phenacyl bromide and ethyl bromoacetate, respectively, to give the ester bromides 2 and 7.These can be hydrolyzed with aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate at 20 deg C to yield besides 1 both C-benzoyl-methanol (3) and the glycolic acid ester 8, respectively.The reaction can also be performed in one step by reacting the betain (1) (with can act as a base) in a double molar ratio with the active halide. - Keywords: Trimethylammonium acetic acid betain; Trimethylammonium acetic acid phenacyl ester bromide; Trimethylammonium acetic acid acetoxy ethyl ester bromide; Phenacyl alcohol; Ethyl glycolate
- Wittmann, Helga,Ziegler, Erich
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p. 103 - 112
(2007/10/02)
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- A New Type of Surfactant. The Annelides. Characterization of Organized Metal Ion Assemblies Obtained by Cationic Complexation at the Micelle Subsurface
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The first members of a new class of amphiphiles, the annelides, consisting of a macrocyclic polar head able to include spherical or quasi-spherical cations and a long paraffinic tail, have been synthesized and characterized.They are shown to behave successively as nonionic or ionic surfactants depending on the presence of a complexable cation.The geometric parameters of the metal ion assemblies obtained by micellization are thoroughly determined by various physical methods including light scattering.The intersite degree of organization and the cooperative effect at the micellar interface are evaluated.The cationic complexation at the micellar subsurface is characterized.A convenient method for determining the local electrostatic properties of the interfacial region is exposed.
- Moigne, J. Le,Simon, J.
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p. 170 - 177
(2007/10/02)
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