- Structure-Dependent Dissolution and Restructuring of Calcite Surfaces by Organophosphonates
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Organophosphonates are well-known to strongly interact with the surfaces of various minerals, such as brucite, gypsum, and barite. In this work, we study the influence of six systematically varied organophosphonate molecules (tetraphosphonates and diphosphonates) on the dissolution process of the (10.4) surface of calcite. In order to pursue a systematic study, we have selected organophosphonates that exhibit similar structural features, but also systematic architectural differences. The effect of this class of additives on the dissolution process of the calcite (10.4) surface is evaluated using in situ dynamic atomic force microscopy. For all of the six organophosphonate derivatives, we observe a pronounced restructuring of the (10.4) cleavage plane of calcite, demonstrated by the formation of characteristically shaped etch pits. To elucidate their specific influence on the dissolution process of calcite (10.4), we vary systematically the number of functional end groups (two for the tetraphosphonates and one for the diphosphonates), the spacing between the functional ends through separating methylene groups (2, 6, and 12), as well as the pH of the solution (ranging from 2.6 up to 11.7). For each of the two groups of the organophosphonate derivatives, we observe the very same formation of etch pits (olive-shaped for the tetraphosphonate and triangular-shaped for the diphosphonate molecules), respectively. This finding indicates that the number of functional ends decisively determines the resulting calcite (10.4) surface morphology, whereas the size of the organophosphonate molecule within one group seems not to play any important role. For all of the molecules, the restructuring process of calcite (10.4) is qualitatively independent of the pH of the solution and, therefore, independent of the protonation/deprotonation states of the molecules. Our results reveal a general property of organophosphonate derivatives to induce surface restructuring of the calcite (10.4), which seems to be very robust against variations in both, different molecular structures and different protonation/deprotonation states.
- Nalbach, Martin,Moschona, Argyri,Demadis, Konstantinos D.,Klassen, Stefanie,Bechstein, Ralf,Kühnle, Angelika
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p. 5867 - 5874
(2017/11/07)
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- Application of organic phosphonic acid compounds, perovskite solar cell film and method for preparing same
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The invention relates to the field of solar cell films, and discloses application of organic phosphonic acid compounds, a perovskite solar cell film and a method for preparing the same. The organic phosphonic acid compounds shown as a formula (1) can be applied to preparing the perovskite solar cell film. The application, the perovskite solar cell film and the method have the advantages that the perovskite solar cell film with the organic phosphonic acid compounds is excellent in photoelectric conversion efficiency, the stability of the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells with the perovskite solar cell film can be improved, and influence on the solar cells due to high-temperature and high-humidity environments can be prevented.
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Paragraph 0115; 0116; 0117; 0118; 0119; 0120; 0121
(2017/10/07)
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- Study on the synergistic antibacterial effect of silver-carried layered zirconium alkyl-N,N-dimethylenephosphonate
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A series of zirconium alkyl-N,N-dimethylenephosphonate silver-carrying (Ag-ZRDP) were successfully prepared and their potential applications as synergistic antibacterial materials were investigated. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), of 30 nm in diameter, were tightly anchored onto the zirconium alkyl-N,N-dimethylenephosphonate (ZRDP), increasing the antibacterial activity of the Ag NPs due to a decrease in the extent of nanoparticle aggregation. Due to the synergistic antibacterial effect of the Ag NPs and ZRDP, the Ag-ZRDP showed a better antibacterial activity than Ag NPs and ZRDP with a minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of 0.25 and 0.25 μg mL-1 against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. Additionally, the Ag-ZRDP did not show obvious cytotoxicity against mammalian cells (A549 cells), even at a concentration of 256 μg mL-1. Collectively, these properties make the newly synthesized Ag-ZRDP potentially superior as disinfectants and antiseptics for various biomedical and biotechnological applications.
- Liu, Li,Liu, Changhua,Nie, Ling,Jiang, Ting,Hong, Jing,Zhang, Xiaomei,Luo, Liehong,Wang, Xiaolan
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- Method for the Manufacture of Aminoalkylene Phosphonic Acid
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A method for the manufacture of amino alkylcnc phosphonic acids is disclosed. Pure P4O6 is hydrolyzed in the presence of a homogeneous Brocnstcd acid catalyst whereby the pH of the reaction medium is maintained below 5 and the free water content of said reaction medium is, after the P4O6 hydrolysis has been completed, from 0 to 40 %. The required amine component can be added before, during, or in one preferred execution, after the P4O6 hydrolysis has been completed. Formaldehyde is then added and the reaction mixture containing the P4O6 hydrolysate, the amine and the formaldehyde is reacted in presence of a Broensted acid catalyst selected from homogeneous and heterogeneous species. The amino alkylene phosphonic acid reaction product can then be recovered in a manner known per sé.
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Page/Page column 10-11
(2009/11/30)
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