- Identification of N-Arylated NH125 Analogues as Rapid Eradicating Agents against MRSA Persister Cells and Potent Biofilm Killers of Gram-Positive Pathogens
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Bacterial biofilms housing dormant persister cells are innately tolerant to antibiotics and disinfectants, yet several membrane-active agents are known to eradicate tolerant bacterial cells. NH125, a membrane-active persister killer and starting point for development, led to the identification of two N-arylated analogues (1 and 2) that displayed improved biofilm eradication potencies compared to the parent compound and rapid persister-cell-killing activities in stationary cultures of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). We found 1 and 2 to be superior to other membrane-active agents in biofilm eradication assays, with 1 demonstrating minimum biofilm eradication concentrations (MBEC) of 23.5, 11.7, and 2.35 μm against MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE), and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) biofilms, respectively. We tested our panel of membrane-active agents against MRSA stationary cultures and found 1 to rapidly eradicate MRSA stationary cells by 4 log units (99.99 %) in 30 min. The potent biofilm eradication and rapid persister-cell-killing activities exhibited by N-arylated NH125 analogues could have significant impact in addressing biofilm-associated problems.
- Abouelhassan, Yasmeen,Basak, Akash,Yousaf, Hussain,Huigens, Robert W.
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Read Online
- Antimicrobial peptide-inspired NH125 analogues: Bacterial and fungal biofilm-eradicating agents and rapid killers of MRSA persisters
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During microbial infection, antimicrobial peptides are utilized by the immune response to rapidly eradicate microbial pathogens through the destruction of cellular membranes. Inspired by antimicrobial peptides, quaternary ammonium cationic (QAC) compounds have emerged as agents capable of destroying bacterial membranes leading to rapid bacterial death, including the eradication of persistent, surface-attached bacterial biofilms. NH125, an imidazolium cation with a sixteen membered fatty tail, was recently reported to eradicate persister cells and was our starting point for the development of novel antimicrobial agents. Here, we describe the design, chemical synthesis and biological investigations of a collection of 30 diverse NH125 analogues which provided critical insights into structural features that are important for antimicrobial activities in this class. From these studies, multiple NH125 analogues were identified to possess potent antibacterial and antifungal activities, eradicate both bacterial and fungal biofilms and rapidly eradicate MRSA persister cells in stationary phase. NH125 analogues also demonstrated more rapid persister cell killing activities against MRSA when tested alongside a panel of diverse membrane-active agents, including BAC-16 and daptomycin. NH125 analogues could have a significant impact on persister- and biofilm-related problems in numerous biomedical applications.
- Basak, Akash,Abouelhassan, Yasmeen,Zuo, Ran,Yousaf, Hussain,Ding, Yousong,Huigens, Robert W.
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Read Online
- L-Proline N-oxide dihydrazides as an efficient ligand for cross-coupling reactions of aryl iodides and bromides with amines and phenols
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A novel catalytic system based on L-proline N-oxide/CuI was developed and applied to the cross-coupling reactions of various N- and O- nucleophilic reagents with aryl iodides and bromides. This strategy featured in the employment of an-proline derived dihydrazides N-oxide compound as the superior supporting ligand. By using this protocol, a variety of products, including N-arylimidazoles, N-arylpyrazoles, N-arylpyrroles, N-arylamines, and aryl ethers, were synthesized with up to 99% yield.
- Ding, Zhiqiang,Nie, Nan,Chen, Tian,Meng, Lingxin,Wang, Gongshu,Chen, Zhangpei,Hu, Jianshe
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supporting information
(2020/12/21)
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- Immobilization of copper(II) into polyacrylonitrile fiber toward efficient and recyclable catalyst in Chan-Lam coupling reactions
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A series of polyacrylonitrile fiber (PANF)-supported copper(II) catalysts were prepared through the immobilization of Cu(II) into prolinamide-modified PANF (PANPA-2F) and subsequently used for the synthesis of diverse N-arylimidazoles from arylboronic acids and imidazole. The prepared Cu(II)@PANPA-2Fs were well characterized by mechanical strength, FT-IR, XRD, XPS and SEM. Among them, CuCl2@PANPA-2F exhibited excellent catalytic performance, and its activity was significantly affected by the Cu loading. This catalytic system also displayed good activity in the synthesis of N-arylsulfonamides from arylboronic acids and tosyl azide. It was highly efficient in gram-scale reactions and could be reused five times. The advantages of low cost, easy preparation, good durability and facile recovery make the fiber catalyst attractive.
- Zhang, Chenlu,Zhu, Hai,Gang, Kaiyue,Tao, Minli,Ma, Ning,Zhang, Wenqin
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- N -Arylation of (hetero)arylamines using aryl sulfamates and carbamates via C-O bond activation enabled by a reusable and durable nickel(0) catalyst
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An effective and general aryl amination protocol has been developed using a magnetically recoverable Ni(0) based nanocatalyst. This new stable catalyst was prepared on Fe3O4@SiO2 modified by EDTA and investigated by FT-IR, EDX, TEM, XRD, DLS, FE-SEM, XPS, NMR, TGA, VSM, ICP and elemental analysis techniques. The reaction proceeded via carbon-oxygen bond cleavage of (hetero)aryl carbamates and sulfamates under simple and mild conditions without the use of any external ligands. This method demonstrated functional group tolerance in the N-arylation of various nitrogen-containing compounds as well as aliphatic amines, anilines, pyrroles, pyrazoles, imidazoles, indoles, and indazoles with good to excellent yields. Furthermore, the catalyst could be easily recovered by using an external magnetic field and directly reused at least six times without notable reduction in its activity. This journal is
- Dindarloo Inaloo, Iman,Majnooni, Sahar,Eslahi, Hassan,Esmaeilpour, Mohsen
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p. 13266 - 13278
(2020/10/07)
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- Intercalation of copper salt to montmorillonite K-10 and its application as a reusable catalyst for Chan–Lam cross-coupling reaction
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A simple and efficient catalytic system has been developed by adsorption of copper salt in the interlayers of montmorillonite K-10. The catalytic system impressively exercises the green chemistry perspective leading to effortless recovery and recyclabilit
- Sarmah, Manashi,Dewan, Anindita,Boruah, Purna K.,Das, Manash R.,Bora, Utpal
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- C?N Cross-Coupling Reactions Under Mild Conditions Using Singlet Di-Radical Nickel(II)-Complexes as Catalyst: N-Arylation and Quinazoline Synthesis
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Herein we report a cost-effective synthetic approach for C?N cross-coupling reactions of a broad array of nitrogen nucleophiles and aryl halides under mild conditions. These reactions are catalyzed by an inexpensive, air-stable, earth-abundant and easy-to-prepare singlet di-radical nickel(II)-catalyst containing two antiferromagnetically coupled single-electron oxidized diiminosemiquinonato type ligands. This protocol provides an alternative method for C?N cross-coupling reactions avoiding nickel(0)/nickel(II) or nickel(I)/nickel(III) redox processes via cooperative participation of metal and ligand-centered redox events. Besides a wide range of N-arylation reactions, by judicious choice of aryl halides and nitrogen nucleophiles the synthesis of a variety of polysubstituted quinazolines has been achieved in moderate to good yields under relatively mild reaction conditions. Our catalyst has been found to be almost equally effective in quinazoline synthesis via C?N cross-coupling of (i) 2-bromobenzylamine with benzamide, and (ii) 2-bromobenzylbromide with amidine. Control experiments and DFT studies were performed to improve the understanding of the cooperative participation of ligand and metal (nickel)-centered redox events during oxidative addition/reductive elimination processes of the catalytic cycle and to shed light on the plausible mechanistic pathway of the C?N cross-coupling reactions. (Figure presented.).
- Sikari, Rina,Sinha, Suman,Chakraborty, Gargi,Das, Siuli,van Leest, Nicolaas Petrus,Paul, Nanda D.
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supporting information
p. 4342 - 4353
(2019/08/21)
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- N-ARYLATED ANALOGUES AND USES THEREOF
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The present invention provides novel compounds of Formula (I′) and (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, hydrates, polymorphs, co-crystals, tautomers, stereoisomers, isotopically labeled derivatives, prodrugs, and compositions thereof. Als
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Paragraph 00263; 00264
(2018/06/30)
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- Developing Bis(imino)acenaphthene-Supported N-Heterocyclic Carbene Palladium Precatalysts for Direct Arylation of Azoles
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On the basis of the strategy of developing highly efficient protocol for Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, a series of bulky bis(imino)acenaphthene (BIAN)-supported Pd-PEPPSI complexes were synthesized, characterized, and applied in direct arylation
- Hu, Li-Qun,Deng, Rong-Li,Li, Yan-Fen,Zeng, Cui-Jin,Shen, Dong-Sheng,Liu, Feng-Shou
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p. 214 - 226
(2018/02/06)
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- Immobilized Pd nanoparticles on silica-starch substrate (PNP-SSS): Efficient heterogeneous catalyst in Buchwald–Hartwig C–N cross coupling reaction
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An immobilized Pd nanoparticle on silica-starch substrate (PNP-SSS) is introduced as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst in Pd-catalyzed Buchwald–Hartwig C–N cross coupling reaction. A range of aryl amines were synthesized using reaction of aryl halides (chloride, bromide and iodide) and amines using PNP-SSS catalyst in good to excellent yields. The PNP-SSS catalyst shows high catalytic activity in C-N bond formation reaction and it is reusable in this reaction at least for five times without significant decreasing in its catalytic activity.
- Panahi, Farhad,Daneshgar, Fatemeh,Haghighi, Fatemeh,Khalafi-Nezhad, Ali
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p. 210 - 217
(2017/10/09)
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- Carbothioamide as Highly Efficient Ligand for Copper-catalyzed Room Temperature Chan–Lam Cross-Coupling Reaction
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The catalytic activity of three N,S-donor ligands, viz L1 [2-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-N-phenylhydrazinecarbothioamide], L2 [2,2′-(1,2-diphenylethane-1,2-diylidene)bis(hydrazinecarbothioamide)] and L3 [2-(4-methoxybenzylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide] has been reported for N-arylation of imidazoles with arylboronic acids in ethanol at room temperature. The method was found to be applicable in N-arylation for a wide range of electronically diverse arylboronic acids with imidazoles having modest to excellent isolated yields. The in situ generated copper(II) complex of the ligand namely, 2-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-N-phenylhydrazinecarbothioamide (L1) was found to be highly efficient homogeneous catalyst for N-arylation reaction.
- Baruah, Jayantajit,Gogoi, Kongkona,Dewan, Anindita,Borah, Geetika,Bora, Utpal
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p. 1203 - 1208
(2017/10/25)
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- Nano-magnetic Fe3O4@TiO2/Cu2O composite: a simple, effective and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for ligand-free N-arylation of amines and nitrogen heterocycles
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Abstract: A practical and mild synthetic strategy has been investigated for the arylation of aromatic amines and nitrogen heterocycles using nano-magnetic-Fe3O4@TiO2/Cu2O composite and KOH as the base. The protocol does not require the use of expensive ligands. Notably, the catalyst is easily recoverable and reused by magnetic separation up to five runs without appreciable loss of catalytic activity. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
- Nemati, Firouzeh,Elhampour, Ali
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p. 7611 - 7624
(2016/09/20)
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- Cu2O/nano-CuFe2O4: An efficient and magnetically recoverable catalyst for the ligand-free N-arylation of amines and nitrogen heterocycles with aryl halides
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An efficient strategy has been developed for the N-arylation of azoles and aliphatic amines with aryl halide using a Cu2O/nano-CuFe2O4 magnetic composite as the catalyst and KOH as the base. The methodology is found to be applicable to a variety of nitrogen-containing heterocycles, such as imidazole, indole, and pyrrole, as well as aliphatic amines in high yields with practical simplicity under cost-effective "ligand-free" conditions. The magnetic property of the catalyst allowed its fast separation from the reaction medium by an external magnet. Additionally, the inexpensive catalyst could be recycled for five consecutive runs with small drops in catalytic activity.
- Elhampour, Ali,Nemati, Firouzeh,Kaveh, Mahdieh
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supporting information
p. 223 - 225
(2016/03/01)
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- Synthesis and characterization of 1,3-diamino-graphene as a heterogeneous ligand for a CuI-catalyzed C-N coupling reaction
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1,3-Diamino-graphene (NH2-G-NH2) materials were synthesized using a simple chemical method. The as-prepared materials were characterized using FT-IR, TG, XRD, XPS, and SEM measurements. The results revealed that a 1,3-diamino group was successfully grafted on graphene and could immobilize CuI by coordination interactions. The NH2-G-NH2 materials can be used as heterogeneous ligands for CuI-catalyzed C-N coupling reactions, and the desired products were obtained with good yields. The reaction system is much smoother at lower temperature compared with others previously reported. Additionally, the new method can easily realize the purification of products and recycling of catalysts.
- Zhou, Limei,Yin, Mengyun,Jiang, Xiaohui,Huang, Qiang,Lang, Wencheng
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p. 1454 - 1459
(2016/02/19)
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- Mechanistic Studies on the Palladium-Catalyzed Direct C-5 Arylation of Imidazoles: The Fundamental Role of the Azole as a Ligand for Palladium
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An in-depth mechanistic study on the palladium-catalyzed direct arylation of imidazoles at the C-5 position is presented. The interactions of triphenylphosphine (PPh3)-ligated aryl-Pd species with 1,2-dimethyl-1H-imidazole (dmim) have been studied in detail. In contrast with previous suggestions, phosphine-ligated organo-Pd species are not active and the reaction proceeds through imidazole-ligated organo-Pd intermediates. The kinetics of the oxidative addition of aryl halides with dmim-ligated Pd(0) species have been characterized in a Pd(dba)2/dmim model system. A thorough study of the equilibria involving novel [ArPd(dmim)2X] complexes (X=I, OAc) and the unexpected cationic [ArPd(dmim)3]+ is also reported. The ability of these species to effect the C-H arylation of dmim at room temperature in the presence of acetate is also demonstrated.
- Perego, Luca Alessandro,Grimaud, Laurence,Bellina, Fabio
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supporting information
p. 597 - 609
(2016/02/27)
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- Chan–Lam cross-coupling reactions promoted by anionic copper(I)/iodide species with cationic methyl-((pyridinyl)-pyrazolyl)pyridin-1-ium
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Four anionic ligands including 1-methyl-3(or 4)-(1-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyridin-1-ium iodide ([3,2′-pypzpym]I, [4,2′-pypzpym]I) and 1-methyl-3(or 4)-(3-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridin-1-ium iodide ([2,3′-pypzpym]I, [2,4′-pypzpym]I) are prepared. Reaction of CuI with [3,2′-pypzpym]I affords a mononuclear complex [CuI2(3,2′-pypzpym)] (1) and a one-dimensional coordination polymer [(Cu4I6)(3,2′-pypzpym)2]n(2). Analogous reactions of CuI with [4,2′-pypzpym]I, [2,3′-pypzpym]I or [2,4′-pypzpym]I yield [Cu4I6(4,2′-pypzpym)2] (3), [CuI2(2,3′-pypzpym)] (4) and [CuI2(2,4′-pypzpym)] (5), respectively. Relative to that of CuI, complexes 1–5 exhibit enhanced catalytic activities towards the Chan–Lam cross-coupling reactions of imidazole and arylboronic acids in a H2O[sbnd]MeCN (v/v=2:1). This catalytic system is involved in the C[sbnd]N cross-coupling reaction and works for a variety of imidazole derivatives as well as arylboronic acids with different electronic properties.
- Xue, Jiang-Yan,Li, Jun-Chi,Li, Hong-Xi,Li, Hai-Yan,Lang, Jian-Ping
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p. 7014 - 7020
(2016/10/14)
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- Immobilized Pd(0) nanoparticles on phosphine-functionalized graphene as a highly active catalyst for Heck, Suzuki and N-arylation reactions
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In this study, a phosphine group was chemically grafted to the surface of graphene in order to prepare a reusable ligand with high surface area, incorporating a phosphine moiety. The treatment of graphene oxide (GO) with hydroxide followed by an aqueous work-up yields an OH-functionalized graphene material (GOH) via ring-opening of the epoxide groups. Reaction of GOH with chlorodiphenylphosphine (ClPPh2) gives a new material, GOPPh2 (PFG), which can be used for stabilization of metal nanoparticles or complexation of transition metals in order to prepare a reusable metal catalyst. Stabilization of palladium nanoparticles on the surface of GOPPh2 resulted in the production of an efficient heterogeneous Pd catalyst (PFG-Pd) for application in C-C and C-N bond formation reactions. The PFG-Pd catalyst was characterized using some different microscopic and spectroscopic techniques such as FT-IR, XRD, TEM, SEM, EDX, and ICP analysis. The applicability of the PFG-Pd catalyst was evaluated in Heck, Suzuki and N-arylation reactions. The catalyst system showed high catalyst activity in these processes and the target products were obtained in high isolated yields. The PFG-Pd catalyst was reusable in these reactions for at least 5 times with no significant decrease in its catalytic activity.
- Fareghi-Alamdari, Reza,Haqiqi, Mohsen G.,Zekri, Negar
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p. 1287 - 1296
(2016/02/19)
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- Air-stable palladium(0) phosphine sulfide catalysts for Ullmann-type C-N and C-O coupling reactions
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This paper describes an efficient procedure for palladium(0)-catalyzed N-arylation and O-arylation of aryl halides by Ullmann-type cross coupling reaction under mild reaction conditions in a short reaction time. Two phosphine sulphide ligands and their corresponding Pd(0) complexes namely [Pd(p2S2)(dba)] and [Pd(pp3S4)(dba)], were synthesized, where p2S2 is 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane disulfide, pp3S4 is tris[2-(diphenylphosphino)ethyl]phosphine tetrasulfide and dba is dibenzylideneacetone. Optimal reaction conditions were determined for the arylation reactions using iodobenzene and benzimidazole by varying temperature, solvent, base and catalyst loading. The cross coupling reactions were carried out taking iodobenzenes/bromobenzenes and a wide variety of substituted aryl amines/phenols/alcohols with different steric and electronic properties to afford the desired N-aryl amines/diaryl ethers/alkyl aryl ethers in good to excellent yield (70-94%).
- Majumder, Arpi,Gupta, Ragini,Mandal, Mrinmay,Babu, Madhu,Chakraborty, Debashis
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- N-(1-Oxy-2-picolyl)oxalamic acids as a new type of O,O-ligands for the Cu-catalyzed N-arylation of azoles with aryl halides in water or organic solvent
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N-(1-Oxy-pyridin-2-ylmethyl)oxalamic acids (L3-L5) were identified as novel efficient ligands for copper-catalyzed C-N cross-coupling of azoles and aryl halides in water. The N-arylation of imidazoles, indoles and pyrazoles proceeded with moderate to excellent yields and complete selectivity over aromatic amines and phenols. Moreover, L5, which is also efficient in organic solvent with low catalyst loading, can be used to promote the N-arylation reactions with water-sensitive materials. The catalytic mechanism was proposed based on the results of several verification experiments which indicated that the ligands as new-type chelators may coordinate to Cu(i) with two oxygen atoms of N-oxide and amide in the coupling process. This journal is
- Wang, Yongbin,Zhang, Yu,Yang, Beibei,Zhang, Ao,Yao, Qizheng
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p. 4101 - 4114
(2015/03/30)
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- Nano copper(i) oxide/zinc oxide catalyzed N-arylation of nitrogen-containing heterocycles with aryl halides and arylboronic acids in air
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The synergistic effect of zinc and copper in Cu2O/ZnO nanoflake as a heterogeneous catalyst for the N-arylation of heterocycles with aryl halides and arylboronic acids in the absence of additional ligand in air were demonstrated. The catalyst was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), BET surface area measurement, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014.
- Hosseini-Sarvari, Mona,Moeini, Fatemeh
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p. 7321 - 7329
(2014/02/14)
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- Recyclable hydrophobic copper (II) phthalocyanine catalyzed N-arylation of imidazoles in dimethylsulfoxide
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Copper (II) phthalocyanine (CuPc) was used as a catalyst for the N-arylation of imidazoles with aryl iodides or bromides. The catalyst showed high activity and could be reused 3 times without any significant loss in activity. The catalyst was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy.
- Huang, Qiang,Zhou, Limei,Jiang, Xiaohui,Qi, Xiaolong,Wang, Zhonghua,Lang, Wencheng
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p. 1818 - 1824
(2015/09/28)
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- Unique copper-salen complex: An efficient catalyst for N-arylations of anilines and imidazoles at room temperature
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We have reported here the catalytic activity of a unique Cu-salen type complex in N-arylation of anilines with arylboronic acids in water. The protocol is found to be applicable for a wide range of electronically diversified arylboronic acids and anilines with excellent yields of the isolated product. Further the scope of this protocol has been extended to the synthesis of various N-aryl imidazoles in iso-propanol.
- Gogoi, Ankur,Sarmah, Gayatri,Dewan, Anindita,Bora, Utpal
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- N-arylation of heterocycles catalyzed by activated-copper in pure water
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N-arylation Activated-copper powder is an efficient catalyst for the N-arylation of heterocycles with aryl halides and can be reused several times. The reactions can proceed smoothly in water by using LiOH as base and give the corresponding products in good yields. The protocol shows good tolerance toward various functional groups.
- Yang, Qichao,Wang, Yufang,Lin, Dong,Zhang, Mingjie
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supporting information
p. 1994 - 1997
(2013/04/10)
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- N-Arylation of heterocycles promoted by tetraethylenepentamine in water
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Tetraethylenepentamine and triethylenetetramine are found to be efficient organic bases for the N-arylation of pyrazole and imidazole with aryl and heteroaryl-iodides and -bromides catalyzed by CuI in water at moderate temperature. The cross-couplings proceed smoothly with good to excellent yields and a variety of functional groups are tolerated under this condition.
- Yang, Qichao,Wang, Yufang,Yang, Li,Zhang, Mingjie
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supporting information
p. 6230 - 6233
(2013/07/19)
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- A versatile approach to ullmann C-N couplings at room temperature: New families of nucleophiles and electrophiles for photoinduced, copper-catalyzed processes
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The use of light to facilitate copper-catalyzed cross-couplings of nitrogen nucleophiles can enable C-N bond formation to occur under unusually mild conditions. In this study, we substantially expand the scope of such processes, establishing that this approach is not limited to reactions of carbazoles with iodobenzene and alkyl halides. Specifically, we demonstrate for the first time that other nitrogen nucleophiles (e.g., common pharmacophores such as indoles, benzimidazoles, and imidazoles) as well as other electrophiles (e.g., hindered/deactivated/heterocyclic aryl iodides, an aryl bromide, an activated aryl chloride, alkenyl halides, and an alkynyl bromide) serve as suitable partners. Photoinduced C-N bond formation can be achieved at room temperature using a common procedure with an inexpensive catalyst (CuI) that does not require a ligand coadditive and is tolerant of moisture and a variety of functional groups.
- Ziegler, Daniel T.,Choi, Junwon,Munoz-Molina, Jose Maria,Bissember, Alex C.,Peters, Jonas C.,Fu, Gregory C.
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supporting information
p. 13107 - 13112
(2013/09/24)
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- Magnetic nano-Fe3O4 supported ionic liquids: A recoverable phase transfer catalyst for c-n cross coupling reaction
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Magnetic nanoparticles-supported quaternary ammonium salts were prepared and evaluated as phase transfer catalysts. Some of them exhibited good activities in CuCl-catalyzed N-arylation of aryl amines and N-heterocycles with aryl iodides in aqueous solution without any ligands. They could be readily separated from reaction solution using an external magnet and reused three times with a little loss in activity.
- Tang, Lin,Sun, Yu,Zhou, Lingyun,Shao, Taili
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p. 6240 - 6242
(2013/07/26)
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- Practical copper-catalyzed N-arylation of amines with 20% aqueous solution of n-Bu4NOH
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N-Arylation of a wide variety of amines with phenylboronic acid catalyzed by copper acetate under 20% aqueous solution of n-Bu4NOH was accomplished in good to excellent yields (up to 92%) and substrate conversions (up to 96%).
- Molaei, Hamidreza,Ghanbari, Mohammad Mehdi
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experimental part
p. 301 - 304
(2012/05/05)
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- Direct N-arylation of azaheterocycles with aryl halides under ligand-free condition
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A simple and efficient Ci£N cross-coupling method of aryl halides with various heterocycles was reported, by using 10 mol% of CuI as catalyst and 1.2 equiv. NaH as base. Aryl iodides, aryl bromides and many substituted aryl chlorides could efficiently react with heterocycles, providing variety of N-arylated products in good to excellent yields. The ligand-free catalyst system was stable in air and could be readily reused. An efficient, convenient and applicable method was developed for the N-arylation of azaheterocycles catalyzed by CuI and NaH under ligand free condition. Copyright
- Yang, Qichao,Wang, Yufang,Zhang, Baoji,Zhang, Mingjie
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p. 2389 - 2393,5
(2020/09/16)
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- A highly efficient Cu-catalyst system for N-arylation of azoles in water
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6,7-Dihydroquinolin-8(5H)-one oxime (L3) was found to serve as a superior ligand for the CuI-catalyzed N-arylation of imidazoles with aryl iodides, bromides, and electron-deficient chlorides in water. Moreover, the CuI/L3 catalyst system enabled the coupling reactions to take place smoothly with high yields under a low catalyst loading (0.1-1 mol% CuI and 0.2-2 mol% L3).
- Wang, Deping,Zhang, Fuxing,Kuang, Daizhi,Yu, Jiangxi,Li, Junhua
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 1268 - 1271
(2012/06/04)
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- Transition-metal-free O-,S -, and N-arylation of alcohols, thiols, amides, amines, and related heterocycles
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A new protocol for the Ullmann-type arylation process of different aromatic heterocycles without any transition-metal catalyst, implying the use of a combination of an excess of potassium hydroxide and dimethyl sulfoxide, is described. The reaction can be performed between a broad range of starting nucleophiles including phenol, alcohols, amines, nitrogen-containing five-membered systems such as pyrazoles, imidazoles, and indoles, and amides with haloarenes, iodide and bromide derivatives giving the best results, the possible pathway involving the in situ generation of the corresponding benzyne intermediate. When the reaction was performed with 2-iodoaniline and either carboxamides or isothiocyanato derivatives, the corresponding benzoazole derivatives were obtained.
- Cano, Rafael,Ramon, Diego J.,Yus, Miguel
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experimental part
p. 654 - 660
(2011/03/20)
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- Copper-catalyzed N-arylation of imidazoles with aryl or heteroaryl halides facilitated by dimethylglyoxime in water
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A combination of CuSO4/dimethylglyoxime was found to be an efficient and inexpensive catalyst system for N-arylation of imidazole and benzimidazole with aryl halides and heteroaryl halides in water, providing the corresponding products in moder
- Wu, Xiangmei,Hu, Weiya
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experimental part
p. 2124 - 2128
(2012/03/10)
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- Copper ferrite nanoparticle-mediated N-arylation of heterocycles: A ligand-free reaction
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The synergistic effects of iron and copper in copper ferrite nanoparticles for the N-arylation of heterocycles with aryl halides were demonstrated. The magnetic nature of the catalyst facilitates its removal from the reaction medium for further use. Negligible leaching of Cu and Fe in consecutive cycles makes the catalyst economical and environmentally benign for C-N cross-coupling reactions.
- Panda, Niranjan,Jena, Ashis Kumar,Mohapatra, Sasmita,Rout, Smruti Ranjan
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 1924 - 1927
(2011/04/25)
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- A new, efficient and recyclable lanthanum(III) oxide-catalyzed C-N cross-coupling
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A new and efficient protocol for the C-N cross-coupling of aryl halides with heteroaromatic amines in the presence of lanthanum(III) oxide (10 mol%) as a recyclable catalyst, N,N′-dimethylethylenediamine (DMEDA) (20 mol%) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) as a base in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at 110 °C has been developed. This inexpensive catalytic system is highly effective towards the amination of aryl halides with various nitrogen nucleophiles and is significantly tolerant towards other functional groups in the substrates. Copyright
- Murthy, S. Narayana,Madhav,Reddy, V. Prakash,Nageswar
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 3241 - 3245
(2011/02/23)
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- Efficient copper-catalyzed N-arylation of amides and imidazoles with aryl iodides
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The C-N cross-coupling of amides and imidazoles with aryl iodides is described using CuI in tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) under ligand-free conditions. The reaction is simple, general, and efficient affording the C-N cross-coupled products in shorter time and in high yield. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart ? New York.
- Ali, Md. Ashif,Saha, Prasenjit,Punniyamurthy, Tharmalingam
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 908 - 910
(2010/04/29)
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- N-Arylation of azaheterocycles with aryl and heteroaryl halides catalyzed by iminodiacetic acid resin-chelated copper complex
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Iminodiacetic acid resin-chelated copper(II) complex is effective in cross-coupling reactions between azaheterocycles and aryl or heteroaryl halides, providing N-arylated products in good to excellent yields. The copper catalyst is air stable and can be readily recovered and reused with minimal loss of activity for three runs.
- Wu, Xiang Mei,Wang, Yan
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experimental part
p. 51 - 54
(2010/11/05)
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- An efficient N-arylation of heterocycles with aryl-, heteroaryl-, and vinylboronic acids catalyzed by copper fluorapatite
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N-Arylation of N-containing heterocycles, such as pyrazoles, imidazoles, and benzimidazoles with aryl-, heteroaryl-, and vinylboronic acids was efficiently carried out by copper fluorapatite (CuFAP) catalyst in MeOH at room temperature under base-free conditions. The N-arylated heterocycles were isolated in good-to-excellent yields.
- Kantam, Mannepalli Lakshmi,Venkanna, Gopaladasu Tirupati,Kumar, Kota Balaji Shiva,Subrahmanyam, Vura Bala
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experimental part
p. 974 - 979
(2010/08/06)
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- Copper(II) hydroxide complexes of N-heterocyclic carbenes and catalytic oxidative amination of arylboronic acids
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Reactions of the imidazolium salts or their corresponding silver carbene complexes with copper powder afforded unusual copper(II) hydroxide complexes of N-heterocyclic carbenes: [Cu2(μ-OH)(L1)](PF6) 2 (2; L1 = 3,5-bis(N-picolylimidazolylidenylmethy1)pyrazolate), [Cu4(μ3-OH)2(L2)2](PF 6)4 (3; L2 = 3,5-bis(N-pyridylimidazolylidenylmethy1) pyrazolate), and [Cu4(μ3-OH)2(L3) 2](PF6)4 (4; L3 = 3,5-bis(N- pyrimidylimidazolylidenylmethy1)pyrazolate). The same reaction of 3,5-bis(N-thiophenylimidazoliumylmethy1)pyrazole yielded a dinuclear Cu(II)-NHC complex, [Cu2(L4)2] (PF6)2 (5; L4 = 3,5-bis(N-thiophenylimidazolylidenylmethy1)pyrazolate). The complexes have been fully characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, elemental analysis, and IR and ESI-MS spectra. A catalytic study shows that complex 4 is highly active in the N-arylation reactions of imidazoles and aromatic amines with arylboronic acids in methanol at room temperature under base-free conditions.
- Liu, Bo,Liu, Bin,Zhou, Yongbo,Chen, Wanzhi
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experimental part
p. 1457 - 1464
(2010/05/01)
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- Mild conditions for copper-catalyzed N-arylation of imidazoles
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An efficient copper(I) bromide catalyzed N-arylation of azoles with a variety of aromatic bromides and iodides under mild conditions is reported. This reaction displayed great functional group compatibility and excellent reactive selectivity. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
- Chen, Huaming,Wang, Deping,Wang, Xianyang,Huang, Wenlong,Cai, Qian,Ding, Ke
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experimental part
p. 1505 - 1511
(2010/09/14)
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- Copper-catalyzed N-arylation of hindered substrates under mild conditions
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A mild, efficient method utilizing a copper-diamine catalyst at room temperature is reported for the coupling of hindered imidazoles with unsubstituted, orthzo-substituted, and bis-ortho-substi-tuted boronic acids in good to excellent yields. Aryl halides
- Wentzel, Michael T.,Hewgley, J. Brian,Kamble, Rajesh M.,Wall, Philip D.,Kozlowski, Marisa C.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 931 - 937
(2009/11/30)
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- A facile and efficient oxalyldihydrazide/ketone-promoted copper-catalyzed amination of aryl halides in water
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A novel three-component catalyst CuO/oxalyldihydrazide/hexane-2,5-dione was a very convenient, economic, and effective catalytic system for the Ullmann-type C-N coupling reaction in water. Both aryl bromides and aryl iodides could be aminated by a variety of amines even at room temperature or with heating to afford very good isolated yields.
- Zhu, Xinhai,Su, Li,Huang, Liye,Chen, Gong,Wang, Jinlong,Song, Huacan,Wan, Yiqian
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 635 - 642
(2009/07/17)
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- Copper(I) oxide catalyzed N-arylation of azoles and amines with arylboronic acid at room temperature under base-free conditions
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N-Arylation of azoles and amines with arylboronic acids was efficiently carried out with heterogeneous copper(I) oxide in methanol at room temperature under base-free conditions. The products N-arylazoles and N-arylamines were isolated in good to excellent yields. A variety of arylboronic acids and amines were converted to the corresponding N-arylazoles and N-arylamines, demonstrating the versatality of the reaction. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
- Sreedhar, Bojja,Venkanna, Gopaladasu T.,Shiva Kumar, Kota Balaji,Balasubrahmanyam, Vura
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p. 795 - 799
(2008/09/21)
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- Per-6-amino-β-cyclodextrin as an efficient supramolecular ligand and host for Cu(I)-catalyzed N-arylation of imidazole with aryl bromides
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(Chemical Presented) Per-6-amino-β-cyclodextrin (per-6-ABCD), acting simultaneously as a supramolecular ligand for CuI and host for aryl bromides, catalyzes N-arylation of imidazole with aryl bromides under mild conditions. This simple method proceeds with excellent yield for the coupling of imidazole with various substituted aryl bromides demonstrating good tolerance of other functionalities.
- Suresh, Palaniswamy,Pitchumani, Kasi
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experimental part
p. 9121 - 9124
(2009/04/11)
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- 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-8-hydroxyquinoline-promoted copper-catalyzed coupling of nitrogen nucleophiles and aryl bromides
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(Chemical Equation Presented) Based on the dramatic accelerating effect of 2-aminophenol, three ligands derived from 2-aminophenol were developed. Copper-catalyzed coupling reaction of nitrogen-containing nucleophiles with aryl bromides was efficiently carried out under mild conditions using 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-8-hydroxyquinoline as a novel, simple, and versatile ligand.
- Wang, Huifeng,Li, Yaming,Sun, Fangfang,Feng, Yang,Jin, Kun,Wang, Xiuna
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 8639 - 8642
(2009/04/04)
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- CuI/L (L=pyridine-functionalized 1,3-diketones) catalyzed C-N coupling reactions of aryl halides with NH-containing heterocycles
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An efficient copper-catalyzed N-arylation and N-heteroarylation reactions of imidazole, pyrrole, indole, pyrazole, and perimidine with aryl or heteroaryl halides using pyridine-functionalized 1,3-diketone as ligands have been investigated. The ligands bearing pyridyl and 1,3-diketone moieties, which may form chelated Cu(I) species, are inexpensive and readily available. The combination of CuI and 1,3-di(pyridin-2-yl)propane-1,3-dione is very efficient for C-N coupling reactions to afford various N-arylated products in good to excellent yields.
- Xi, Zhenxing,Liu, Fenghui,Zhou, Yongbo,Chen, Wanzhi
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p. 4254 - 4259
(2008/09/20)
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- A concept of supported amino acid ionic liquids and their application in metal scavenging and heterogeneous catalysis
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Novel supported task-specific ionic liquids have been developed for the first time via the ionic-pair coupling of imidazolium cation of the modified polystyrene support with L-proline. The materials have shown an efficient metal scavenging ability (e.g., Cul, Pd(OAc)2, Pd0, and IrCl3) without the aid of a nonimmobilized ionic liquid, which relies on the highly synergistic effect of the coordination with the nitrogen atom and the COO- group of the L-proline moiety, electrostatic forces, and steric protection. The resulting metal-soaked supported ionic liquids can be used as efficient heterogeneous catalysts. These materials have been investigated in the Cul-catalyzed N-arylation of nitrogen-containing heterocycles and exhibit much higher catalytic activity and a more extensive structural range of aryl and heteroaryl halides than those exhibited by free L-proline in combination with Cul both in the ionic liquid ([BMIM][BF 4]) and in the corresponding homogeneous reaction conditions. The Cul-soaked catalyst 4a-2 can be recycled for nine runs at least without any considerable loss of activity. To the best of our knowledge, our catalytic process is among the most efficient approaches to the N-arylation of imidazoles with aryl halides so far reported. Furthermore, the Pd-soaked material 4a-2 also shows higher catalytic activity in the solvent-free hydrogenation of styrene to ethylbenzene. This new concept is generally applicable and may easily be extended to other supported task-specific ionic liquids.
- Chen, Wen,Zhang, Yuanyuan,Zhu, Liangbo,Lan, Jingbo,Xie, Rugang,You, Jingsong
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p. 13879 - 13886
(2008/09/16)
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- Phototransposition chemistry of 1-Phenylpyrazole. Experimental and computational studies
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Photophysical and photochemical properties of 1-phenylpyrazole and 3-,4-, and 5-methyl-1-phenylpyrazoles have been investigated. INDO/S calculations agree with experimental measurements which show that the S1 and T1 states of these c
- Pavlik, James W.,Connors, Robert E.,Burns, Douglas S.,Kurzweil, Edyth M.
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p. 7645 - 7652
(2007/10/02)
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