- Cobalt-Catalyzed Deoxygenative Hydroboration of Nitro Compounds and Applications to One-Pot Synthesis of Aldimines and Amides
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The commercially available and bench-stable Co(acac)2 ligated with bis[(2-diphenylphosphino)phenyl] ether (dpephos) was employed for selective room temperature hydroboration of nitro compounds with HBPin (TOF up to 4615 h?1), tolerating halide, hydroxy, amino, ether, ester, lactone, amide and heteroaromatic functionalities. These reactions offered a direct access to a variety of N-borylamines RN(H)BPin, which were in situ treated with aldehydes and carboxylic acids to produce a series of aldimines and secondary carboxamides without the need for dehydrating and/or coupling reagents. Combination of these transformations in a sequential one-pot manner allowed for direct and selective synthesis of aldimines and secondary carboxamides from readily available and inexpensive nitro compounds.
- Gudun, Kristina A.,Hayrapetyan, Davit,Khalimon, Andrey Y.,Segizbayev, Medet,Slamova, Ainur,Zakarina, Raikhan
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- Highly Active Ni Nanoparticles on N-doped Mesoporous Carbon with Tunable Selectivity for the One-Pot Transfer Hydroalkylation of Nitroarenes with EtOH in the Absence of H2
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Cost-effective and environmentally friendly conversion of nitroarenes into value-added products is desirable but still challenging. In this work, highly dispersed Ni nanoparticles (NPs) supported on N-doped mesoporous carbon (Ni/NC-x) were synthesized via novel ion exchange-pyrolysis strategy. Their catalytic performance was investigated for one-pot transfer hydroalkylation of nitrobenzene (NB) with EtOH in absence of H2. Interestingly, the catalytic performance could be easily manipulated by tuning the morphology and electronic state of Ni NPs via varying the pyrolysis temperature. It was found that the Ni/NC-650 achieved 100 % nitrobenzene conversion and approx. 90 % selectivity of N,N-diethyl aniline at 240 °C for 5 h, more active than those of homogeneous catalysts or supported Ni catalysts prepared by impregnation (Ni/NC-650-IM, Ni/SiO2). This can be ascribed to the higher dispersion and better reducibility as well as richer surface basicity of the catalyst. More interestingly, the Ni/NC-650 catalyst achieved complete conversion of various nitroarenes, yielding imines, secondary amines, or tertiary amines selectively by simply controlling the reaction temperature at 180, 200 and 240 °C, respectively. The one-pot hydrogen-free process with non-noble metal catalysts, as demonstrated in this work, shows great promise for selective conversion of nitroarenes with ethanol to various anilines at industrial scale, from an economic, environmental, and safety viewpoint.
- Tao, Yuewen,Nie, Yunqing,Hu, Haitao,Wang, Ke,Chen, Yi,Nie, Renfeng,Wang, Jianshe,Lu, Tianliang,Zhang, Yongsheng,Xu, Chunbao Charles
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p. 4243 - 4250
(2021/08/20)
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- The preparation and photocatalytic activity of Ag-Pd/g-C3N4 for the coupling reaction between benzyl alcohol and aniline
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In this study, the carrier g-C3N4 was prepared by melamine, and the Ag-Pd/g-C3N4 catalyst was synthesized by the NaBH4 reduction method. Different characterization techniques, including SEM, TEM, XRD, UV–vis DRS, XPS, photoluminescence spectra (PL) and BET, were employed to investigate the morphology and optical properties of the as-prepared samples. The Ag-Pd/g-C3N4 catalyst was used for the synthesis of imine from a benzyl alcohol and aniline. The results show that when the total loading of Ag and Pd is 2 wt%, and the mass ratio of Ag and Pd is 1:1, the activity of the catalyst is the highest (The highest conversion of aniline is 86.7% and the product selectivity is >99%.). The reaction is optimized by changing the type of solvent, the type and amount of base, the type of catalyst, and the amount of reactants. The optimal reaction conditions are 6 ml of n-hexane, 1.4 mmol of Cs2CO3, 50 mg of the Ag-Pd/g-C3N4 (2 wt%, 1:1), and 2:1 mol ratio of benzyl alcohol and aniline. Under optimal reaction conditions, alcohol derivatives and amine derivatives were investigated to determine the suitable range of the catalyst for alcohols and amines. Then, the effects of different light intensities and wavelengths on the reaction were explored. Additionally, the catalyst's recycling ability was tested, and it was found to be relatively stable. The effect of reactive groups on the mechanism shows that the reaction is mainly achieved by the synergy between h+, e? and ·O2?.
- Ma, Jingjing,Yu, Xiujuan,Liu, Xiaoling,Li, Haiying,Hao,Li, Jingyi
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- Osmium Catalysts for Acceptorless and Base-Free Dehydrogenation of Alcohols and Amines: Unusual Coordination Modes of a BPI Anion
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A novel type of catalyst precursors for the dehydrogenation of hydrogen carriers based on organic liquids has been discovered. Complexes OsH6(PiPr3)2 (1) and OsH(OH)(CO)(PiPr3)2 (2) react with 1,3-bis(6′-methyl-2′-pyridylimino)isoindoline (HBMePI) to give OsH3{κ2-Npy,Nimine-(BMePI)}(PiPr3)2 (3) and OsH{κ2-Npy,Nimine-(BMePI)}(CO)(PiPr3)2 (4). The unprecedented κ2-Npy,Nimine coordination mode of BMePI is thermodynamically preferred with Os(IV) and Os(II) metal fragments and allows for preparation of BMePI-based dinuclear metal cations. Treatment of OsH2Cl2(PiPr3)2 (5) with 0.5 equiv of HBMePI in the presence of KOtBu affords the chloride salt of the bis(osmium(IV)) dinuclear cation [{OsH3(PiPr3)2}2{μ-(κ2-Npy,Nimine)2-BMePI}]+ (6). Related homoleptic bis(osmium(II)) complexes have been also synthesized. Complex 4 reacts with the bis(solvento) [OsH(CO){κ1-O-[OCMe2]2}(PiPr3)2]BF4 to give [{OsH(CO)(PiPr3)2}2{μ-(κ2-Npy,Nimine)2-BMePI}]BF4 (7), whereas the addition of 0.5 equiv of HBMePI to {OsCl(η6-C6H6)}2(μ-Cl)2 (8) affords [{OsCl(η6-C6H6)}2{μ-(κ2-Npy,Nimine)2-BMePI}]Cl (9). The reactions of 4 with 8 and {OsCl(η6-p-cymene)}2(μ-Cl)2 (10) lead to the heteroleptic cations [(PiPr3)2(CO)HOs{μ-(κ2-Npy,Nimine)2-BMePI}OsCl(η6-arene)]+ (arene = C6H6 (11), p-cymene (12)). The electronic structrure and electrochemical properties of the dinuclear complexes were also studied. Complexes 3 and 4 are efficient catalyst precursors for the acceptorless and base-free dehydrogenation of secondary and primary alcohols and cyclic and lineal amines. The primary alcohols afford aldehydes. The amount of H2 released per gram of heterocycle depends upon the presence of a methyl group adjacent to the nitrogen atom, the position of the nitrogen atom in the heterocycle, and the size of the heterocycle.
- Buil, María L.,Esteruelas, Miguel A.,Gay, M. Pilar,Gómez-Gallego, Mar,Nicasio, Antonio I.,O?ate, Enrique,Santiago, Alicia,Sierra, Miguel A.
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p. 603 - 617
(2018/03/08)
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- Facile Preparation of a Stable Fe3O4@LDH@NiB Magnetic Core-Shell Nanocomposite for Hydrogenation
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A novel NiB deposited layered double hydroxide (LDH) coated ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4@LDH@NiB) magnetic core-shell nanocomposite was successfully fabricated by the combination of coprecipitation and impregnation-reduction. During the Fe3O4@LDH preparation, a facile template-free approach was employed to introduce the LDH shell, which was more efficient than the conventional method for the preparation of mesoporous materials that always needs to introduce and remove templates. The resulted Fe3O4@LDH has a relatively high surface area and abundant surface hydroxyl group, which can adsorb metal ions, making it favorable to disperse and stabilize the active Ni species, as demonstraed by TEM, XPS, FT-IR and BET characterizations. Therefore, it exhibited good activity in the selective hydrogenation of cinnamic acid to hydrocinnamic acid with the conversion and selectivity both approaching to 100%. Notably, the obtained Fe3O4@LDH@NiB can be easily separated by an external magnetic field and recycled eleven times without appreciable loss of its initial catalytic activity.
- Gao, Xuejia,Niu, Libo,Qiao, Xianliang,Feng, Wenhui,Cao, Yingying,Bai, Guoyi
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p. 1149 - 1156
(2017/07/25)
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- A covalent organic framework-based route to the: In situ encapsulation of metal nanoparticles in N-rich hollow carbon spheres
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Metal nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulated in hollow nanostructures hold great promise for a variety of applications. Herein, we demonstrate a new concept where covalent organic frameworks (COFs) doped with metal cations can be readily used as novel precursors for the in situ encapsulation of metal NPs into N doped hollow carbon spheres (NHCS) through a controlled carbonization process. The obtained Pd@NHCS composites show a significantly enhanced catalytic activity and selectivity in the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene in ethanol and oxidation of cinnamyl alcohol compared with that of the conventional Pd/N-C and commercial Pd/C catalysts. The excellent catalytic performance should be related to the synergism of the porous hollow spheric structure, highly dispersed Pd NPs, and uniform distribution of N dopants on the materials. We believe that this newly developed methodology could be extended to the synthesis of other metal NPs@NHCS composites for a variety of advanced applications.
- Chen, Liyu,Zhang, Lei,Chen, Zhijie,Liu, Hongli,Luque, Rafael,Li, Yingwei
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p. 6015 - 6020
(2016/08/31)
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- Lanthanides Mediated Oxidative Cross Coupling of Benzylalcohol and Various Amines to Form Corresponding Imines
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Herein, a new and efficient approach towards the oxidative cross-coupling of benzylalcohol and various aromatic amines to form corresponding imines with high degree conversion (>80 %) and chemo-selectivity using lanthanide salts as pre-catalysts is presented. The catalyzed oxidative cross-coupling reaction using La(NO3)3·6H2O as pre-catalyst displayed a broad substrate scope. The reaction afforded various substituted imines from the reaction of benzylalcohol with ample variety of amines in good yields.
- Bhattacharjee, Jayeeta,Sachdeva, Mitali,Panda, Tarun K.
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supporting information
p. 937 - 940
(2016/09/03)
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- Efficient chemical fixation of CO2 promoted by a bifunctional Ag2WO4/Ph3P system
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An efficient heterogeneous silver-catalyzed reaction for construction of the α-methylene cyclic carbonate motif was developed through carboxylative assembly of propargyl alcohols and CO2. Such a CO2 fixation protocol proceeded smoothly with only 1 mol% of Ag2WO 4 and 2 mol% of PPh3 as well as atmospheric CO2 at room temperature under solvent-free conditions, in an environmentally benign and low energy manner along with an easy operating procedure. Notably, up to 98% isolated yields of carbonates could be attained with exclusive chemo-selectivity. In addition, the dual activation capacity of Ag 2WO4 towards both the propargylic substrate and CO 2 is based on which cooperative catalytic mechanism by the silver cation and the tungstate anion is proposed. Recycling trials on carboxylative cyclization of propargyl alcohols and CO2 illustrate that the catalyst can be reused at least 4 times with retention of high catalytic activity and selectivity. Especially, it allows the direct and effective application in the one-pot synthesis of various oxazolidinones bearing exocyclic alkenes and carbamates in moderate to high yields upon the alternative introduction of primary or secondary amines.
- Song, Qing-Wen,Yu, Bing,Li, Xue-Dong,Ma, Ran,Diao, Zhen-Feng,Li, Rong-Guan,Li, Wei,He, Liang-Nian
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supporting information
p. 1633 - 1638
(2014/03/21)
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- Water-promoted one-pot vinylogous Mannich-type reaction of trimethylsilyloxyfuran
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Water, produced in situ during the formation of imines from aldehydes 1 and amines 2, is employed to promote the one-pot Mannich reaction of trimethylsilyloxyfuran 3a without addition of extra solvent or catalyst. This clean and quick reaction allows the obtention of a series of 5-substituted γ-butenolides 4 with good yields and modest diastereomeric ratio. A large panel of substituents is tolerated ranging from aliphatic chains to aromatic or heteroaromatic rings.
- Landelle, Grégory,Claraz, Aurélie,Oudeyer, Sylvain,Levacher, Vincent
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 2414 - 2416
(2012/06/01)
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- New approaches to photocatalytic reaction of low concentrations of arylamines in alcohols
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Photocatalytic interactions of a series of arylamines, for example 1,4- phenylenediamine, 1,2-phenylenediamine, 4-aminophenol, and 2-aminophenol, at low concentrations in typical primary alcohols have been investigated in the presence of anatase TiO2 nanopowder. GC-MS analysis of the irradiated solutions showed that, except for 1,2-phenylenediamine, 10 mmol/l alcoholic solutions of the arylamines gave predominately the corresponding imines. Irradiation of 2-aminophenol under these conditions, led to oxidation and dimerization to 2-amino-3Hphenoxazin- 3-one. Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012.
- Hosseinnia, Azarmidokht,Keyanpour-Rad, Mansoor
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p. 1411 - 1420
(2012/11/07)
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- One-pot synthesis of imines from alcohols and amines with TiO2 loading Pt nanoparticles under UV irradiation
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TiO2 loading Pt nanoparticles (Pt@TiO2) promote one-pot synthesis of imines from alcohols and amines under UV irradiation at room temperature. This is achieved via a Pt-assisted photocatalytic oxidation of alcohols and a catalytic condensation of the formed aldehydes with amines on the TiO2 surface. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2011.
- Shiraishi, Yasuhiro,Ikeda, Makoto,Tsukamoto, Daijiro,Tanaka, Shunsuke,Hirai, Takayuki
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 4811 - 4813
(2011/05/15)
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- Synthesis of imines from nitrobenzene and TiO2 particles suspended in alcohols via semiconductor photocatalysis type B
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UV irradiation on a non-aqueous suspension of titanium dioxide with nitrobenzene and different alcohols in deaerated conditions produces imines and aniline as main products. The conversion of nitrobenzene and the corresponding selectivity of imines or aniline depend on the type of alcohol used. A low conversion (3-12%) and selectivity close to 100% to imines were obtained with methyl, ethyl, or propyl alcohol. Otherwise, using i-propanol only aniline was detected with a conversion of 13%. Finally, a mixture of aniline and imines was formed employing n-butyl, n-amyl, and i-amyl alcohols with the higher conversion (~50%).
- Rios-Bern?, Omar,Flores, Sergio O.,Córdova, Iván,Valenzuela, Miguel A.
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experimental part
p. 2730 - 2733
(2010/06/14)
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- A one-pot aza-Wittig based solution and polymer supported route to amines
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This paper presents a high yielding one-pot solution phase and polymer supported synthesis of a range of primary and secondary amines starting from azides and aldehydes. The synthesis utilises a tandem process which begins with an aza-Wittig reaction between the aldehyde and an iminophosphorane, followed by reduction, or organometallic 1,2-addition reaction, of the resultant imine. The requisite iminophosphoranes were accessed using the highly efficient Staudinger reaction between the azide starting material and a phosphine. The process was applicable to the solid phase by the use of polymer supported iminophosphoranes and polymer supported cyanoborohydride.
- Hemming,Bevan,Loukou,Patel,Renaudeau
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p. 1565 - 1568
(2007/10/03)
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- Substituted Bicyclic and Tricyclic Oxazolo-1,2,3-Triazole Systems: Ring Expansions to 1,3,4,5-Oxatriazines and Ring Contractions to 1,2,3-Triazaspiroalkane Derivatives
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Synthesis of a range of new bicyclic and tricyclic fused oxazolo-1,2,3-triazole systems is described.Treatment of these with acid caused transformations to substituted 1,3,4,5-oxatriazine and new 1,2,3-triazaspiroalkane systems which were isolated in high yields.Kinetic studies of the ring transformations indicated the presence of a delocalised carbocation intermediate and the mechanism of the ring expansion and contraction is discussed.
- Butler, Richard N.,O'Shea, Donal F.
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p. 2797 - 2800
(2007/10/02)
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- Zur Synthese und Pyrolyse von Organoelement-benzasolderivativen des phosphors, Arsens, Siliciums und Zinns
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3-Organo-1,3-benzazaphospholes and -benzazarsoles as well as 3,3-disubstituted 1,3-benzazasiloles and -benzazastannoles are prepared from o-LiC6H6N=C(li)But and the relevant organoelement dichlorides.The heterocycles obtained are converted by flash vacuum pyrolysis into the aromatic 1H-1,3-benzazaphospholes and benzazarsoles, respectively.
- Heinicke, Joachim
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p. C17 - C21
(2007/10/02)
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- Electrolytic N-Alkylation of Amines with Alcohols
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Electrolysis of the alcohol solution of amines in a one-chamber cell resulted in N-alkylation of the amines with sufficient current efficiencies.Platinum black particles suspended in the reaction mixture enhanced the efficiency due to their catalytic role for hydrogenation of a Schiff base intermediate.
- Ohtani, Bunsho,Nakagawa, Koji,Nishimoto, Sei-ichi,Kagiya, Tsutomu
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p. 1917 - 1920
(2007/10/02)
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- The Pyrolysis of N-Allyl Compounds: Free-radical and Retro-ene Mechanisms
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Flash vacuum pyrolysis of N-alkyl-N-allylanilines gives imines by free radical cleavage of the allyl group followed by loss of an atom (or group of atoms) from the α-carbon atom of the alkyl group.The corresponding N-propargyl derivatives also give imines on pyrolysis, but the mechanism is a concerted retro-ene process which may lead to different products from the corresponding N-allyl compound.N-Allyl-N,N-dialkylamines also decompose thermally by a retro-ene process
- Cadogan, J. I. G.,Hickson, Clare L.,McNab, Hamish
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p. 2247 - 2273
(2007/10/02)
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- Photolysis of Alkyl Azides. Evidence for a Nonnitrene Mechanism
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The photolyses of nine sec- and tert-alkyl azides have been studied in detail.The products consist of imines derived from 1,2-shifts of groups on the alkyl carbon atom α to the azide nitrogen atom.No evidence of typical nitrene processes (aromatic substitution, aliphatic C-H insertion) was found.The imine product distributions are rationalized on the basis of a preferred migration orientation in the photochemically excited azide, along with a consideration of either ground or excited state rotational equilibration of the azide.Photolyses of selected azides carried out over an approximately 200 deg C temperature range allow an estimation of apparent activation energy differences between different group migrations.These energy differences are in the range of 70-493 cal/mol and are related to rotational equilibration of the alkyl azide.
- Kyba, Evan P.,Abramovitch, Rudolph A.
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p. 735 - 740
(2007/10/02)
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