- Synthesis of Branched Biolubricant Base Oil from Oleic Acid
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The mature manufacturing of synthetic lubricants (poly-α-olefins, PAO) proceeds through oligomerization, polymerization, and hydrogenation reactions of petrochemical ethylene. In this work, we utilize the inexpensive bio-derived oleic acid as raw material to synthesize a crotch-type C45 biolubricant base oil via a full-carbon chain synthesis without carbon loss. It contains several cascade chemical processes: oxidation of oleic acid to azelaic acid (further esterification to dimethyl azelate) and nonanoic acid (both C9 chains). The latter is then selectively hydrogenated to nonanol and brominated to the bromo-Grignard reagent. In a next step, a C45 biolubricant base oil is formed by nucleophilic addition (NPA) of excessive C9 bromo-Grignard reagent with dimethyl azelate, followed by subsequent hydrodeoxygenation. The specific properties of the prepared biolubricant base oil are almost equivalent to those of the commercial lubricant PAO6 (ExxonMobil). This process provides a new promising route for the production of value-added biolubricant base oils.
- Chen, Shuang,Wu, Tingting,Zhao, Chen
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p. 5516 - 5522
(2020/09/07)
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- ELECTROCHEMICALLY INDUCED PROCESSES IN THE FORMATION OF PHOSPHORUS ACID DERIVATIVES. 2. THE ROLE OF POLYMERIZATION PROCESSES IN THE ELECTROSYNTHESIS OF THE ESTERS OF PHOSPHORUS ACIDS FROM WHITE PHOSPHORUS
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The mechanism of the electrosynthesis of phosphate esters from white phosphorus was investigated.It was shown that the reaction takes place by two paths, i.e., monomeric (with the participation of dissolved phosphorus) and polymeric (with the participation of phosphorus on the surface of an emulsion drop).It was established that in an alcohol solution of tetraethylammonium iodide the main part of the final product is formed through an intermediate polymeric compound.It was noticed that by studying the dynamics of the accumulation of the dissolved product during electrolysis it is possible to trace the mechanism of reaction of the phosphorus at the individual stages of the process.Key words: Phosphate esters, white phosphorus, electrosynthesis.
- Romakhin, A. S.,Zaripov, I. M.,Budnikova, Yu. G.,Kargin, Yu. M.,Nikitin, E. V.,et al.
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p. 1036 - 1040
(2007/10/02)
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