- Relaxation processes of some aromatic sulfides, sulfoxides, and sulfones in a polystyrene matrix
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Dielectric absorption studies have been made of a number of aromatic sulfides, sulfoxides, and sulfones in a polystyrene matrix at a variety of temperatures in the frequency range of 102-105 Hz, and in three cases between 104-107 Hz.One compound, bis (4-pyridyl) sulfide, was also examined as a pure compressed solid in the frequency range of 104-107 Hz.The Eyring parameters have been determined and used to characterize the relaxation processes.Low enthalpies of activation (ca.15 kJ mol-1) have been estimated for an intramolecular relaxation process of diphenyl, bis (4-tolyl) and bis (4-pyridyl) sulfide, and rotation about the C-S bond in these symmetrical aromatic sulfides would, thus, be expected to occur quite readily.These low barriers are to be contrasted with those for the molecular relaxation values of 60-78 kJ mol-1 for diphenyl, bis(4-tolyl) and bis(4-chlorophenyl) sulfoxides and sulfones.The enthalpies of activation (ca.39 kJ mol-1) for the molecular relaxation of the disklike molecules, dibenzothiophene and its oxides, are also lower than those for the corresponding nonplanar diphenyl sulfur oxides.
- Desando, M. A.,Walker, S.,Baarschers, W.H.
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Read Online
- Coupling of thiols and aromatic halides promoted by diboron derived super electron donors
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We have proven that pyridine-boryl complexes can be used as superelectron donors to promote the coupling of thiols and aromatic halides through a SRN1 mechanism. The reaction is efficient for a broad substrate scope, tolerating heterocycles including pyridines, enolizable or reducible functional groups. The method has been applied to intermediates in drug synthesis as well as interesting functionalized polythioethers through a controlled and consecutive intramolecular electron transfer process.
- Franco, Mario,Vargas, Emily L.,Tortosa, Mariola,Cid
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supporting information
p. 11653 - 11656
(2021/11/12)
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- A Visible-Light-Harvesting Covalent Organic Framework Bearing Single Nickel Sites as a Highly Efficient Sulfur–Carbon Cross-Coupling Dual Catalyst
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Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) have recently emerged as light-harvesting devices, as well as elegant heterogeneous catalysts. The combination of these two properties into a dual catalyst has not yet been explored. We report a new photosensitive triazine-based COF, decorated with single Ni sites to form a dual catalyst. This crystalline and highly porous catalyst shows excellent catalytic performance in the visible-light-driven catalytic sulfur–carbon cross-coupling reaction. Incorporation of single transition metal sites in a photosensitive COF scaffold with two-component synergistic catalyst in organic transformation is demonstrated for the first time.
- Chen, Hui,Liu, Wanlu,Laemont, Andreas,Krishnaraj, Chidharth,Feng, Xiao,Rohman, Fadli,Meledina, Maria,Zhang, Qiqi,Van Deun, Rik,Leus, Karen,Van Der Voort, Pascal
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supporting information
p. 10820 - 10827
(2021/04/09)
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- Methods, Syntheses and Characterization of Diaryl, Aryl Benzyl, and Dibenzyl Sulfides
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Twenty-four aryl benzyl sulfides, diaryl sulfides and dibenzyl sulfides were synthesized by four methods and characterized by 1H NMR, FT-IR and Gas chromatography. The reaction conditions of different synthesis methods were studied from the aspects of time, solvent, base and dispersant. The molecular structures of benzylphenyl sulfide (2S), (4-tert-butylbenzyl)(4-methylphenyl) sulfide (4S), (4-methylbenzyl)(4-methylphenyl) sulfide (9S), di(4-methylphenyl) sulfide (11S), (3,5-dimethylphenyl)(4-methyl phenyl) sulfide (15S), and dibenzyl sulfide (19S) [22] have been determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Compounds 2S and 15S crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/c, with a = 12.278(3), b = 15.894(3), c = 5.6056(11) ?, β = 94.532(2)°, and Z = 4 for 2S, and a = 9.800(9), b = 7.950(7), c = 16.690(15) ?, β = 100.890(12)°, and Z = 4 for 15S. The unit cell of 4S has a triclinic Pī symmetry with the cell parameters a = 6.0436(10), b = 8.7871(14), c = 15.535(2) ?, α = 81.921(2)°, β = 81.977(2)°, γ = 80.889(2)°, and Z = 2. Compounds 9S and 11S both crystallize in the orthorhombic space group P212121, with a = 6.188(3), b = 8.041(4), c = 26.005(14) ?, and Z = 4 for 9S, and a = 5.835(2), b = 8.010(3), c = 25.131(9) ?, and Z = 4 for 11S. Graphic Abstract: Twenty-four aryl sulfide compounds with different substituents were synthesized and characterized, and the molecular structures of six different sulfide compounds have been determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography.[Figure not available: see fulltext.]
- Zhou, Wen-Yan,Chen, Min,Zhang, Pei-Zhi,Jia, Ai-Quan,Zhang, Qian-Feng
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p. 301 - 310
(2020/09/07)
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- Photoredox Nickel-Catalyzed C-S Cross-Coupling: Mechanism, Kinetics, and Generalization
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Photoredox-mediated nickel-catalyzed cross-couplings have evolved as a new effective strategy to forge carbon-heteroatom bonds that are difficult to access with traditional methods. Experimental mechanistic studies are challenging because these reactions involve multiple highly reactive intermediates and perplexing reaction pathways, engendering competing, but unverified, proposals for substrate conversions. Here, we report a comprehensive mechanistic study of photoredox nickel-catalyzed C-S cross-coupling based on time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy, Stern-Volmer quenching, and quantum yield measurements. We have (i) discovered a self-sustained productive Ni(I/III) cycle leading to a quantum yield φ > 1; (ii) found that pyridinium iodide, formed in situ, serves as the dominant quencher for the excited state photocatalyst and a critical redox mediator to facilitate the formation of the active Ni(I) catalyst; and (iii) observed critical intermediates and determined the rate constants associated with their reactivity. Not only do the findings reveal a complete reaction cycle for C-S cross-coupling, but the mechanistic insights have also allowed for the reaction efficiency to be optimized and the substrate scope to be expanded from aryl iodides to include aryl bromides, thus broadening the applicability of photoredox C-S cross-coupling chemistry.
- Qin, Yangzhong,Sun, Rui,Gianoulis, Nikolas P.,Nocera, Daniel G.
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supporting information
p. 2005 - 2015
(2021/02/06)
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- Cu attached functionalized mesoporous MCM-41: a novel heterogeneous nanocatalyst for eco-friendly one-step thioether formation reaction and synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles
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In the current study, a mesoporous copper-attached functionalized MCM-41 with the DL-Pyroglutamic acid framework has been produced through a post-synthetic method. The MCM-41 functionalization technique has been used to synthesize this novel heterogeneous catalyst. The material has been identified fully using XRD, FT-IR, BET, EDX, elemental mapping, SEM, and TGA. This catalyst displays high catalytic performance in the one-step thioether formation (C–S) reaction and synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles. The main aspects of this economical copper-catalyzed procedure are green synthesis, slighter experimental conditions, and less reaction time with no additives. Further benefits comprise experimental comfort of handling, secure replacement to dangerous, damaging, and poisoning regular Lewis’s acid catalysts, and reusability with constant catalytic performance. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
- Molaei, Somayeh,Ghadermazi, Mohammad
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p. 4557 - 4581
(2021/07/28)
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- Copper based on diaminonaphthalene-coated magnetic nanoparticles as robust catalysts for catalytic oxidation reactions and C-S cross-coupling reactions
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In this work, the immobilization of copper(ii) on the surface of 1,8-diaminonaphthalene (DAN)-coated magnetic nanoparticles provides a highly active catalyst for the oxidation reaction of sulfides to sulfoxides and the oxidative coupling of thiols to disulfides using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). This catalyst was also applied for the one-pot synthesis of symmetrical sulfidesviathe reaction of aryl halides with thiourea as the sulfur source in the presence of NaOH instead of former strongly basic and harsh reaction conditions. Under optimum conditions, the synthesis yields of sulfoxides, symmetrical sulfides, and disulfides were about 99%, 95%, and 96% respectively with highest selectivity. The heterogeneous copper-based catalyst has advantages such as the easy recyclability of the catalyst, the easy separation of the product and the less wastage of products during the separation of the catalyst. This heterogeneous nanocatalyst was characterized by FESEM, FT-IR, VSM, XRD, EDX, ICP and TGA. Furthermore, the recycled catalyst can be reused for several runs and is economically effective.
- Yarmohammadi, Nasrin,Ghadermazi, Mohammad,Mozafari, Roya
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p. 9366 - 9380
(2021/03/16)
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- Preparation of Recyclable and Versatile Porous Poly(aryl thioether)s by Reversible Pd-Catalyzed C–S/C–S Metathesis
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Porous organic materials (polymers and COFs) have shown a number of promising properties; however, the lability of their linkages often limits their robustness and can hamper downstream industrial application. Inspired by the outstanding chemical, mechanical, and thermal resistance of the 1D polymer poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS), we have designed a new family of porous poly(aryl thioether)s, synthesized via a mild Pd-catalyzed C–S/C–S metathesis-based method, that merges the attractive features common to porous polymers and PPS in a single material. In addition, the method is highly modular, allowing to easily introduce application-oriented functionalities in the materials for a series of environmentally relevant applications including metal capture, metal sensing, and heterogeneous catalysis. Moreover, despite their extreme chemical resistance, the polymers can be easily recycled to recover the original monomers, offering an attractive perspective for their sustainable use. In a broader context, these results clearly demonstrate the untapped potential of emerging single-bond metathesis reactions in the preparation of new, recyclable materials.
- Morandi, Bill,Rivero-Crespo, Miguel A.,Toupalas, Georgios
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supporting information
p. 21331 - 21339
(2021/12/17)
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- Palladium-catalysed thioetherification of aryl and alkenyl iodides using 1,3,5-trithiane as sulfur source
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Thioetherification reaction of aryl iodides catalysed by palladium(II) complexes in the presence of 1,3,5-trithiane as sulphur source is reported. The paper presents the first homogeneous catalytic application of 1,3,5-trithiane in synthesis. Detailed optimization steps, the frames of the novel reaction are described, as well as the limitations and the substrate scope are also demonstrated. Moderate to good thioether yields were achieved in the presence of various substituted iodobenzenes and some alkenyl iodides, using palladium-xantphos catalyst system. Competitive reactions in the presence of mixed substrates were also performed and mechanistic considerations were assumed.
- Kollár, László,Pongrácz, Péter,Rajat Rao, Yalamarti Venkat,Zugó, Alexandra
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- Heterogeneously Ni-Pd nanoparticle-catalyzed base-free formal C-S bond metathesis of thiols
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This study rationally designed a heterogeneously catalyzed system (i.e., using Ni-Pd alloy nanoparticles supported on hydroxyapatite (Ni-Pd/HAP) under an H2atmosphere) achieving an efficient base-free formal C-S bond metathesis of various thiolsviasuppression of the Ni catalysis deactivation.
- Mitamura, Kanju,Yatabe, Takafumi,Yamamoto, Kidai,Yabe, Tomohiro,Suzuki, Kosuke,Yamaguchi, Kazuya
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supporting information
p. 3749 - 3752
(2021/04/21)
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- Site-Selective Synthesis of Aryl Sulfides via Oxidative Aromatization of Cyclohexanones with Thiophenols
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We have introduced a metal-free facile access for the thiolation/aromatization of cyclohexanones with thiophenols to the corresponding aryl sulfides. The dehydroaromatic reaction of non-aromatic cyclohexanones proceeded smoothly using oxygen as a green oxidant.
- Deng, Guo-Jun,Huang, Huawen,Tang, Minli,Xiao, Fuhong
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- Catalytic dehydrogenation of amines to imines and the in-situ reduction of sulfoxides into sulfides
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The catalytic acceptorless dehydrogenation of primary amines into imines and H2 represents one of the most important organic transformations, and the in-situ utilization of the generated H2 for chemical reduction reactions has never
- Li, Bo,Liu, Bing,Liu, Xixi,Wang, Wei,Wang, Yanxin,Xiang, Nian,Zhang, Zehui
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- Electrochemical Thiolation and Borylation of Arylazo Sulfones with Thiols and B2pin2
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An efficient electrochemical synthesis approach of various unsymmetrical thioethers and arylboronates has been developed. Bench stable arylazo sulfones were used as radical precursors for carbon-heteroatom bond formation under electrochemical conditions. Moreover, the scalability of this approach was evaluated by performing the electrochemical thiolation and borylation of arylazo sulfones with thiols and B2pin2 on a gram scale. This protocol not only avoided the use of stoichiometric oxidants, metal catalysts, activating agents and even added bases, but also exhibited favorable functional group tolerance. (Figure presented.).
- Wang, Rongkang,Chen, Fangming,Jiang, Lvqi,Yi, Wenbin
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supporting information
p. 1904 - 1911
(2021/02/12)
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- Paired Electrolysis Enabled Ni-Catalyzed Unconventional Cascade Reductive Thiolation Using Sulfinates
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Herein, we have reported a nickel-catalyzed cascade reductive thiolation of aryl halides with sulfinates driven by paired electrolysis. This protocol uses sulfinates as the sulfur source, and various thioethers could be synthesized under mild conditions. By mechanism exploration, we find that a cascade chemical step is allowed on the electrode interface and could alter the reaction pathway in paired electrolysis, whose findings could help the discovery of novel cascade reactions with unique reactivity.
- Kang, Jun-Chen,Li, Zi-Hao,Chen, Chao,Dong, Li-Kun,Zhang, Shu-Yu
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supporting information
p. 15326 - 15334
(2021/10/25)
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- B2cat2-Mediated Reduction of Sulfoxides to Sulfides
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An efficient and operationally simple method for the reduction of sulfoxides to sulfides has been developed using bis(catecholato)diboron (B2cat2) as a reducing agent. The present method accommodates various functional groups which are generally prone to reduction: halides, alkynes, carbonyls, nitriles, and heterocycles are totally intact, and only sulfoxide moieties undergo reduction chemoselectively. Moreover, the remaining diboron and the resulting boron-containing wastes are readily removable, the practicality of this protocol being thus demonstrated.
- Takahashi, Fumiya,Nogi, Keisuke,Yorimitsu, Hideki
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supporting information
p. 3009 - 3012
(2020/03/25)
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- Photocatalytic Deoxygenation of Sulfoxides Using Visible Light: Mechanistic Investigations and Synthetic Applications
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The photocatalytic deoxygenation of sulfoxides to generate sulfides facilitated by either Ir[(dF(CF3)ppy)2(dtbbpy)]PF6 or fac-Ir(ppy)3 is reported. Mechanistic studies indicate that a radical chain mechanism operates, which proceeds via a phosphoranyl radical generated from a radical/polar crossover process. Initiation of the radical chain was found to proceed via two opposing photocatalytic quenching mechanisms, offering complementary reactivity. The mild nature of the radical deoxygenation process enables the reduction of a wide range of functionalized sulfoxides, including those containing acid-sensitive groups, in typically high isolated yields.
- Clarke, Aimee K.,Parkin, Alison,Rossi-Ashton, James A.,Taylor, Richard J. K.,Unsworth, William P.
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p. 5814 - 5820
(2020/07/21)
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- Efficient hydrodeoxygenation of sulfoxides into sulfides under mild conditions using heterogeneous cobalt-molybdenum catalysts
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Nitrogen-doped carbon-supported cobalt-molybdenum bimetallic catalysts (abbreviated as Co-Mo/NC) are active for the hydrodeoxygenation of sulfoxides to sulfides under mild conditions (25-80 °C and 10 bar H2), which represents the first example of the use of heterogeneous non-noble metal catalysts for this transformation. MoO3 with Lewis acid sites assists the hydrodeoxygenation of sulfoxides into sulfides by hydrogen over cobalt nanoparticles.
- Yao, Kaiyue,Yuan, Ziliang,Jin, Shiwei,Chi, Quan,Liu, Bing,Huang, Renjie,Zhang, Zehui
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supporting information
p. 39 - 43
(2020/01/13)
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- Nickel phosphide nanoalloy catalyst for the selective deoxygenation of sulfoxides to sulfides under ambient H2pressure
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Exploring novel catalysis by less common, metal-non-metal nanoalloys is of great interest in organic synthesis. We herein report a titanium-dioxide-supported nickel phosphide nanoalloy (nano-Ni2P/TiO2) that exhibits high catalytic activity for the deoxygenation of sulfoxides. nano-Ni2P/TiO2 deoxygenated various sulfoxides to sulfides under 1 bar of H2, representing the first non-noble metal catalyst for sulfoxide deoxygenation under ambient H2 pressure. Spectroscopic analyses revealed that this high activity is due to cooperative catalysis by nano-Ni2P and TiO2. This journal is
- Fujita, Shu,Mitsudome, Takato,Mizugaki, Tomoo,Yamaguchi, Sho,Yamasaki, Jun,Yamazoe, Seiji
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supporting information
p. 8827 - 8833
(2020/11/23)
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- Palladium nanoparticles immobilized on a nano-silica triazine dendritic polymer: a recyclable and sustainable nanoreactor for C-S cross-coupling
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Dendrimers are of great interest due to their special structural topology and chemical versatility. Owing to their properties, dendrimers have found practical applications in catalytic processes as efficient nanoreactors. Therefore, we herein report an environmentally attractive strategy and highly efficient route for the synthesis of a wide variety of diaryl sulfides using palladium nanoparticles immobilized on a nano-silica triazine dendritic polymer (Pdnp-nSTDP) as a nanoreactor. In this manner, different diaryl or aryl heteroaryl sulfides and bis(aryl/heteroarylthio)benzene/anthracene/pyridine derivatives were preparedviaC-S cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides with diaryl/diheteroaryl disulfides under thermal conditions and microwave irradiation. The catalyst could be easily recovered and reused several times without any significant loss of its activity.
- Amiri Rudbari, Hadi,Landarani-Isfahani, Amir,Mirkhani, Valiollah,Moghadam, Majid,Mohammadpoor-Baltork, Iraj,Tangestaninejad, Shahram
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p. 21198 - 21205
(2020/06/26)
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- Trisaminomethane–cobalt complex supported on Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient recoverable nanocatalyst for oxidation of sulfides and C–S coupling reactions
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In this work, trisaminomethane–cobalt complex immobilized onto the surface of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles was successfully prepared via a simple and inexpensive procedure. The prepared nanocatalyst was considered a robust and clean nanoreactor catalyst for the oxidation and synthesis of sulfides under green conditions. This ecofriendly heterogeneous catalyst was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray mapping, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy techniques. Use of green medium, easy separation and workup, excellent reusability of the nanocatalyst, and short reaction time are some outstanding advantages of this method.
- Ashraf, Muhammad Aqeel,Liu, Zhenling,Peng, Wan-Xi
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- Magnetically recoverable ferromagnetic 3D hierarchical core-shell Fe3O4@NiO/Co3O4 microspheres as an efficient and ligand-free catalyst for C–S bond formation in poly (ethylene glycol)
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A simple and efficient protocol for the synthesis of diaryl thioethers from the reaction of thiourea with a wide variety of aryl halides, including aryl iodides, aryl bromides and aryl chlorides in the presence of 3D hierarchical core-shell Fe3O4@NiO/Co3O4 microspheres has been described. This reaction enables the one-pot synthesis of diaryl thioethers in good to high yields using a non-toxic and magnetically separable catalyst in PEG-400 as an eco-friendly, safe, inexpensive and thermally stable solvent. Magnetic separation and reusability of catalyst for eight times without any significant loss of activity, the use of a commercially available, eco-friendly, cheap and chemically stable sulfur transfer agent and solvent, operational simplicity, environmentally benign, easier work-up procedure and cost efficiency make this method a promising candidate for potential applications in some organic reactions. The catalytic activity of Fe3O4@NiO/Co3O4 as a novel and inexpensive catalyst was investigated in the C-S cross coupling reaction.
- Vatandoust Namanloo, Ahad,Akhlaghinia, Batool,Mohammadinezhad, Arezou
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p. 446 - 461
(2020/05/13)
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- Dechalcogenization of Aryl Dichalcogenides to Synthesize Aryl Chalcogenides via Copper Catalysis
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An application for dechalcogenization of aryl dichalcogenides via copper catalysis to synthesize aryl chalcogenides is disclosed. This approach is highlighted by the practical conditions, broad substrate scope, and good functional group tolerance with several sensitive groups such as aldehyde, ketone, ester, amide, cyanide, alkene, nitro, and methylsulfonyl. Furthermore, the robustness of this methodology is depicted by the late-stage modification of estrone and synthesis of vortioxetine. Remarkably, synthesis of more challenging organic materials with large ring tension under milder conditions and synthesis of some halogen contained diaryl sulfides which could not be synthesized using metal-catalyzed coupling reactions of aryl halogen are successfully accomplished with this protocol.
- Cao, Fei,Chen, Jinhong,Deng, Jiedan,Deng, Xuemei,Hou, Yongsheng,Shao, Xiangfeng,Shi, Tao,Wang, Yongqiang,Wang, Zhen,Wu, Lingxi,Yang, Jinru,Yang, Yuhang
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p. 2707 - 2712
(2020/03/11)
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- DABCO-promoted Diaryl Thioether Formation by Metal-catalyzed Coupling of Sodium Sulfinates and Aryl Iodides
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A scalable catalytic synthesis method using commodity chemicals for constructing diaryl thioethers directly from sodium arylsulfinates and iodoarenes is reported in this study. In the presence of CuO or other copper salts such as Cu(OAc)2 as well as palladium catalysts, DABCO demonstrated to be essential to promote this transformation. Various iodoarenes and aryl sulfinates were examined and demonstrated the viability of this method. The mechanistic study showed that radical reactions occurred, while DABCO N-oxide radical can be observed by mass spectrometry. A plausible catalytic mechanism involving DABCO is also discussed, suggesting synergistic reduction of sulfinate by Cu(II) and DABCO is the key step of this coupling reaction. (Figure presented.).
- Liu, Yanpeng,Lam, Long Yin,Ye, Jiqing,Blanchard, Nicolas,Ma, Cong
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supporting information
p. 2326 - 2331
(2020/05/05)
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- Efficient Chemoselective Reduction of N-Oxides and Sulfoxides Using a Carbon-Supported Molybdenum-Dioxo Catalyst and Alcohol
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The chemoselective reduction of a wide range of N-oxides and sulfoxides with alcohols is achieved using a carbon-supported dioxo-molybdenum (Mo@C) catalyst. Of the 10 alcohols screened, benzyl alcohol exhibits the highest reduction efficiency. A variety of N-oxide and both aromatic and aliphatic sulfoxide substrates bearing halogens as well as additional reducible functionalities are efficiently and chemoselectively reduced with benzyl alcohol. Chemoselective N-oxide reduction is effected even in the presence of potentially competing sulfoxide moieties. In addition, the Mo@C catalyst is air- and moisture-stable, and is easily separated from the reaction mixture and then re-subjected to reaction conditions over multiple cycles without significant reactivity or selectivity degradation. The high stability and recyclability of the catalyst, paired with its low toxicity and use of earth-abundant elements makes it an environmentally friendly catalytic system.
- Li, Jiaqi,Liu, Shengsi,Lohr, Tracy L.,Marks, Tobin J.
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p. 4139 - 4146
(2019/05/27)
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- Oxalic amide ligands, and uses thereof in copper-catalyzed coupling reaction of aryl halides
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The present invention provides oxalic amide ligands and uses thereof in copper-catalyzed coupling reaction of aryl halides. Specifically, the present invention provides a use of a compound represented by formula I, wherein definitions of each group are described in the specification. The compound represented by formula I can be used as a ligand in copper-catalyzed coupling reaction of aryl halides for the formation of C—N, C—O and C—S bonds.
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Page/Page column 107-108
(2020/01/09)
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- Copper(II)-faciliated synthesis of substituted thioethers and 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles: Experimental and theoretical studies
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Benzoylhydrazine based Schiff base-ligated two new copper(II) complexes, [Cu(L1)2] (1) and [Cu(L2)2] (2) were synthesized by the reaction of Cu(CH3COO)2·H2O with respective Schiff base ligand 1-[(4-nitrophenyl)ethylidene] benzohydrazide (HL1) or 1-[(4-methoxyphenyl)ethylidene] benzohydrazide (HL2). Both complexes were isolated as greenish solid and fully characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, EPR, thermo-gravimetric (TG) analysis and Cyclic Voltammetry. The molecular structures of both complexes have also been determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography, which confirmed the coordination of Schiff base ligands through N, O donor atoms and distorted square planar geometry around the Cu(II) ion. Both complexes were found to be good homogeneous catalysts for the synthesis of a wide range of substituted thioethers and 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles in 92% and 93% yield, respectively, at a low catalyst loading (0.5 mol%). The bond angles and distances, as discerned from the DFT calculations, commusurated with the experimental findings. The energy difference between the HOMO and the LUMO, calculated from DFT studies, was found to be 5.645 eV and 6.459 eV for complex 1 and complex 2, respectively. These results are in harmony with the observed higher catalytic activity of complex 1.
- Layek, Samaresh,Agrahari, Bhumika,Dey, Shuvankar,Ganguly, Rakesh,Pathak, Devendra D.
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p. 194 - 206
(2019/06/24)
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- Electrochemically Promoted Nickel-Catalyzed Carbon-Sulfur Bond Formation
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This work describes a nickel-catalyzed Ullmann-type thiolation of aryl iodidesunder mild electrochemical conditions. The simple undivided cell with graphene/nickel foam electrode setups offers excellent substrate tolerance, affording aryl and alkyl sulfides in good chemical yields. Furthermore, the mechanism for this electrochemical cross-coupling reaction has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry.
- Wang, Yang,Deng, Lingling,Wang, Xiaochen,Wu, Zhengguang,Wang, Yi,Pan, Yi
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p. 1630 - 1634
(2019/03/08)
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- CoII immobilized on an aminated magnetic metal-organic framework catalyzed C-N and C-S bond forming reactions: A journey for the mild and efficient synthesis of arylamines and arylsulfides
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In this work, we report a simple and versatile method for the modification of a metal-organic framework (NH2-MIL53(Al)) in a step-wise manner. To characterize the synthesized nanostructured catalyst, a variety of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques including FT-IR, XRD, BET, TEM, FE-SEM, EDX, EDX-mapping, TGA, XPS, VSM, ICP-OES and CHN have been employed. Fe3O4@AMCA-MIL53(Al)-NH2-CoII NPs, which benefit from small nanocrystalline size (10-30 nm, according to the XRD and TEM data) in combination with the coexistence of magnetic nanoparticles, a metal-organic framework, and cobalt species, were found to be an excellent environment catalyst to promote the C-N and C-S cross coupling reactions. A wide range of functional substrates including electron-withdrawing and electron-donating aryl halides underwent the coupling reaction with aromatic/heteroaromatic/benzylic and aliphatic amines and sulfides. The results demonstrated that the yields of the target products were good to excellent and the catalyst can be recycled for at least seven recycling runs without a discernible decrease in its catalytic activity. Furthermore, the heterogeneity studies (such as hot filtration and poisoning tests) efficiently confirmed that the as-synthesized nanostructured catalyst is heterogeneous and completely stable under the reaction conditions. We hope that our study inspires more interest in designing novel catalysts based on using low-cost metal ions (such as cobalt) in the field of cross coupling reactions.
- Mohammadinezhad, Arezou,Akhlaghinia, Batool
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supporting information
p. 15525 - 15538
(2019/10/19)
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- Synthesis and nano-Pd catalyzed chemoselective oxidation of symmetrical and unsymmetrical sulfides
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A highly chemoselective, efficient and nano-Pd catalyzed protocol for the rapid construction of sulfoxides and sulfones via the oxidation of symmetrical and unsymmetrical sulfides using H2O2 as an oxidant has been developed, respectively. The ready availability of starting materials, easy recovery and reutilization of the catalyst, wide substrate scope, and high yields make this protocol an attractive alternative. The process also involves the metal-free and microwave-promoted synthesis of symmetrical diarylsulfides, and FeCl3-mediated preparation of symmetrical diaryldisulfides through the reaction of arenediazonium tetrafluoroborates with Na2S·9H2O as a sulfur source. In addition, unsymmetrical sulfides were generated via the K2CO3-mediated reaction of arenediazonium tetrafluoroborates with symmetrical disulfides.
- Li, Xing,Du, Jia,Zhang, Yongli,Chang, Honghong,Gao, Wenchao,Wei, Wenlong
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p. 3048 - 3055
(2019/03/21)
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- Immobilization of Pd(0) complex on the surface of SBA-15: A reusable catalyst for the synthesis of 5-substituted tetrazoles, sulfides and sulfoxides
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A simple and efficient method for the synthesis of 5-substituted tetrazoles, sulfides and sulfoxides in the presence of Pd(0) complex immobilized on mesoporous SBA-15 as an efficient, recoverable and thermally stable mesostructure has been reported. Also, the prepared mesostructure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray mapping, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, N2 adsorption and desorption, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis. Then, this mesostructured catalyst was applied in the synthesis of 5-substituted tetrazoles, sulfides and sulfoxides. The approach described here offers advantages such as short reaction times, high yield, purity yields, simple and eco- friendly, easy work-up. More importantly, this nanohybrid robust catalyst did not undergo metal leaching and applied several times without any decrease in catalytic activity.
- Tamoradi, Taiebeh,Ghorbani-Choghamarani, Arash,Ghadermazi, Mohammad
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p. 374 - 380
(2018/11/01)
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- Copper-Catalyzed Synthesis of S-Aryl Dithiocarbamates from Tetraalkylthiuram Disulfides and Aryl Iodides in Water
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An efficient approach for the copper-catalyzed synthesis of aryl dithiocarbamates from aryl iodides and tetraalkylthiuram disulfides in water is described. Without additional ligand and organic solvent, the coupling reaction could provide a series of S-aryl dithiocarbamates in moderate to good yields.
- Wu, Xiang-Mei,Yan, Guo-Bing
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supporting information
p. 610 - 614
(2019/03/08)
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- CuI anchored onto mesoporous SBA-16 functionalized by aminated 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane with thiosemicarbazide (SBA-16/GPTMS-TSC-CuI): A heterogeneous mesostructured catalyst for: S -arylation reaction under solvent-free conditions
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Herein, we report the novel synthesis of CuI anchored onto a cage-like mesoporous material (SBA-16), which was successfully functionalized by aminated 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane with thiosemicarbazide (SBA-16/GPTMS-TSC-CuI) into an efficient and highly recyclable heterogeneous catalyst. The as-synthesized mesostructured catalyst (SBA-16/GPTMS-TSC-CuI) was comprehensively characterized by different techniques, namely, FT-IR, FIR, SAXRD, XRD, XPS, BET, TEM, FE-SEM, EDX, EDX mapping, TGA, ICP-OES, and CHNS analyses. SBA-16 with a unique "super-cage" structure efficiently controlled the formation of dispersed organic and metal species in the mesoporous channels. These confined nanoparticles with a narrow particle size distribution (3-7 nm) exhibited excellent catalytic activity in the S-arylation reaction without necessitating the use of toxic solvents and/or expensive metal catalysts. Interestingly, the mesoporous catalyst was extremely stable under the reaction conditions and could be easily separated by a simple filtration process and reused for at least seven recycle runs (without any appreciable loss in catalytic activity). Due to the inimitable structure of the abovementioned mesostructured catalyst, the C-S coupling products of aryl halides with S8/thiourea under solvent-free conditions were obtained in good to excellent yields in remarkably reduced reaction times in comparison to those reported in earlier studies.
- Ghodsinia, Sara S.E.,Akhlaghinia, Batool
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supporting information
p. 3029 - 3049
(2019/06/17)
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- An efficient clean methodology for the C-S coupling to aryl thioethers and S-S homocoupling to aromatic disulfides catalyzed over a Ce(IV)-leucine complex immobilized on mesoporous MCM-41
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A novel Ce(iv)-anchored l-leucine covalently bonded to mesoporous MCM-41 has been synthesized by a non-hydrothermal post-functionalization approach. It has been thoroughly characterized by sophisticated physicochemical techniques. The material was applied in the efficient green synthesis of aromatic sulfides by C-S coupling using molecular sulfur and haloarenes. Another catalytic application was in the synthesis of symmetric disulfides by the homocoupling of aromatic thiols in the presence of H2O2 as an oxidant. The ligand-free protocol is simple, clean and free from hazardous chemicals. Moreover, the catalyst is reusable for several times, thus making the methodology sustainably viable.
- Veisi, Hojat,Tamoradi, Taibeh,Karmakar, Bikash
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p. 10343 - 10351
(2019/07/09)
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- Core–shell nanostructure (Fe3O4?MCM-41?Cu-P2C) as a highly efficient and recoverable nanocatalyst for the synthesis of polyhydroquinoline, 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles and sulfides
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Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were used as a core for Cu(II) Schiff base complex functionalized mesoporous MCM-41 shell to provide a core–shell nanostructure (Fe3O4?MCM-41?Cu-P2C). A simple, environmentally friendly, inexpensive, green reaction conditions and efficient procedure for the synthesis of polyhydroquinoline, 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles and sulfides derivatives using this core–shell nanostructure as an efficient, novel and recoverable nanocatalyst has been described. Fe3O4?MCM-41?Cu-P2C is stable, cost-effective, heterogeneous, easy to handle and recoverable nanocatalyst and can be reused for several consecutive runs without a significant loss of catalytic activity. The catalyst was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), powder X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques.
- Nikoorazm, Mohsen,Erfani, Zahra
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- Ni-guanidine@MCM-41 NPs: a new catalyst for the synthesis of 4,4?-(arylmethylene)-bis-(3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-ols) and symmetric di-aryl sulfides
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In this work, the surface of mesoporous MCM-41 was modified with guanidine, and then, Nickel particles have become immobilized on its surface (Ni-guanidine@MCM-41NPs). This heterogeneous catalyst has been identified by various techniques including: low-angle X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma, thermal gravimetric analysis and N2 adsorption–desorption measurement isotherms, and its catalytic application was studied in the synthesis of 4,4?-(arylmethylene)-bis-(3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-ol) derivatives and symmetric di-aryl sulfides. The prepared organometallic complex could be isolated, post-reaction, by simple filtration for several consecutive cycles without a notable change in its catalytic activity.
- Filian, Hossein,Ghorbani-Choghamarani, Arash,Tahanpesar, Elham
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p. 2673 - 2681
(2019/07/17)
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- Copper-Catalyzed Three-Component Coupling Reaction of Aryl Iodides, a Disilathiane, and Alkyl Benzoates Leading to a One-Pot Synthesis of Alkyl Aryl Sulfides
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A copper-catalyzed three-component coupling reaction of aryl iodides, hexamethyldisilathiane and alkyl benzoates leading to alkyl aryl sulfides has been demonstrated. A disilathiane acted as both a sulfur source and a promoter of the sulfidation, and the alkyl moiety of the alkyl benzoate was effectively introduced on one side of the sulfide. Moreover, we found that the protocol can be expanded to the preparation of ethyl phenyl selenide with diphenyl diselenide.
- Sakai, Norio,Maeda, Hiromu,Ogiwara, Yohei
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p. 2323 - 2330
(2019/05/24)
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- Direct C-S bond formation: Via C-O bond activation of phenols in a crossover Pd/Cu dual-metal catalysis system
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A dual-metal catalysis system including a newly prepared nanoparticle [SiO2@organic-linker(OL)@Pd(II)] and CuI was introduced with ultra-high catalytic activity (high turnover number (TON), up to 19000) to a one-pot and odorless synthesis of unsymmetrical aryl sulfides by crossover C-S bond formation. The reaction proceeds via C-O bond activation of phenols and direct C-S bond formation in the presence of S8 as an oddorless sulfur source and aryl boronic acids under mild conditions (room temperature). The catalyst could be recycled up to five times without an obvious change in its activity.
- Khakyzadeh, Vahid,Rostami, Abed,Veisi, Hojat,Shirmardi Shaghasemi, Behzad,Reimhult, Erik,Luque, Rafael,Xia, Yuanzhi,Darvishi, Sima
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p. 4491 - 4497
(2019/05/17)
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- NiFe2O4 as a magnetically recoverable nanocatalyst for odourless C–S bond formation via the cleavage of C–O bond in the presence of S8 under mild and green conditions
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We present green methodologies for one-pot and odourless syntheses of unsymmetric and symmetric diaryl sulfides via C─O bond activation using NiFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles as a reusable heterogeneous nanocatalyst. The synthesis of unsymmetric sulfides is performed using the cross-coupling reaction of phenolic esters such as acetates, triflates and tosylates with arylboronic acid/S8 or triphenyltin chloride/S8 as thiolating agents in the presence of base and NiFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles as a catalyst in poly(ethylene glycol) as solvent at 60–85°C. Also, the synthesis of symmetric diaryl sulfides from phenolic compounds using S8 as the sulfur source and NiFe2O4 as catalyst in dimethylformamide at 120°C is described. Using these protocols, the syntheses of various unsymmetric and symmetric sulfides become easier than using the available protocols due to the use of a magnetically reusable bimetallic nanocatalyst and avoiding the use of thiols and aryl halides.
- Atashkar, Bahareh,Rostami, Amin,Rostami, Abed,Zolfigol, Mohammad Ali
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- Supported Rhodium Nanoparticles Catalyzed Reduction of Nitroarenes, Arylcarbonyls and Aryl/Benzyl Sulfoxides using Ethanol/Methanol as In Situ Hydrogen Source
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A facile reduction reaction of nitroarenes, aryl carbonyls and aryl/benzyl sulfoxides was performed under polystyrene supported rhodium (Rh@PS) catalyzed conditions using ethanol/methanol as in situ hydrogen source. The catalyst Rh@PS played a pivotal role in the oxidation of ethanol/methanol in the presence of traces of aerial oxygen and base to produce hydrogen gas, enough for further reduction reaction. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis indicated that the average particle size of the Rh nanoparticles (NPs) lies between 2–3 nm; this is responsible for its high catalytic activity. The advantages of Rh@PS are its catalytic activity, easy preparation, recovery, recyclability for several runs, and low metal leaching during reaction. (Figure presented.).
- Sharma, Saurabh,Bhattacherjee, Dhananjay,Das, Pralay
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supporting information
p. 2131 - 2137
(2018/04/17)
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- Mild Deoxygenation of Sulfoxides over Plasmonic Molybdenum Oxide Hybrid with Dramatic Activity Enhancement under Visible Light
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Harvesting solar light to boost commercially important organic synthesis still remains a challenge. Coupling of conventional noble metal catalysts with plasmonic oxide materials which exhibit intense plasmon absorption in the visible light region is a promising option for efficient solar energy utilization in catalysis. Herein, we for the first time demonstrate that plasmonic hydrogen molybdenum bronze coupled with Pt nanoparticles (Pt/HxMoO3-y) shows a high catalytic performance in the deoxygenation of sulfoxides with 1 atm of H2 at room temperature, with dramatic activity enhancement under visible light irradiation relative to dark conditions. The plasmonic molybdenum oxide hybrids with strong plasmon resonance peaks pinning at around 556 nm are obtained via a facile H-spillover process. Pt/HxMoO3-y hybrid provides excellent selectivity for the deoxygenation of various sulfoxides as well as pyridine N-oxides, in which drastically improved catalytic efficiencies are obtained under the irradiation of visible light. Comprehensive analyses reveal that oxygen vacancies massively introduced via a H-spillover process are the main active sites, and the reversible redox property of Mo atoms and strong plasmonic absorption play key roles in this reaction. The catalytic system works under extremely mild conditions and can boost the reaction by the assistance of visible light, offering an ultimately greener protocol to produce sulfides from sulfoxides. Our findings may open up a new strategy for designing plasmon-based catalytic systems that can harness visible light efficiently.
- Kuwahara, Yasutaka,Yoshimura, Yukihiro,Haematsu, Kohei,Yamashita, Hiromi
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p. 9203 - 9210
(2018/06/25)
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- One-pot synthesis method for substituted diphenyl sulfide
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The invention relates to a one-pot synthesis method for substituted diphenyl sulfide. The process comprises the following steps: adding thiophenol or diphenyl disulfide and derivatives thereof into asolvent, dropwise adding sulfonyl chloride for a reaction so as to obtain a substituted benzene sulfuryl chloride solution, removing a part of the solvent at a normal pressure, adding Lewis acid, thendropwise adding substituted benzene for a Friedel-Crafts reaction, and carrying out distillation or recrystallization so as to obtain the substituted diphenyl sulfide. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of high safety, simple and convenient raw material recovery, greatly-reducedpurifying difficulty, easily-available raw materials, simple unit operation, low requirements on reaction equipment, mild reaction conditions, high yield and content and applicability to industrial production; and the content of the finally obtained substituted diphenyl sulfide product generally reaches 98% or more.
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Paragraph 0100; 0101; 0102
(2019/01/08)
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- Recyclable imidazolium ion-tagged nickel catalyst for microwave-assisted C-S cross-coupling in water using sulfonyl hydrazide as the sulfur source
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Herein, we report the facile and convenient synthesis of aryl sulfides through the sulfenylation of aryl halides with arylsulfonyl hydrazides, which is catalyzed by a simple and water-soluble Ni(ii) complex. The nickel complex based on the imidazolium ion-tagged salen architecture is synthesized and well characterized using various analytical techniques. The green solvent water is used as the solvent medium and moderate to good yields of aryl sulfides are obtained using 5 mol% of the catalyst under microwave irradiation. The incorporation of the ion-tag functionality helps in the recycling of the catalyst and successful reuse for up to five runs without appreciable change in its activity.
- Saini, Vaishali,Khungar, Bharti
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p. 12796 - 12801
(2018/08/04)
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- METHOD FOR PRODUCING SULFIDE
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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method that performs a deoxygenation reaction of a sulfoxide using hydrogen as a reductant, and produces a corresponding sulfide. SOLUTION: A method for producing a sulfide is characterized by performing a deoxygenation reaction of a sulfoxide in the presence of a platinum-carrying molybdenum trioxide catalyst in which a platinum particle is immobilized to a molybdenum trioxide, and hydrogen, to obtain a corresponding sulfide. SELECTED DRAWING: None COPYRIGHT: (C)2018,JPO&INPIT
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Paragraph 0075-0077; 0081; 0083
(2018/06/07)
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- Preparation and Characterization of Ni-Modified Graphene Oxide Complex as an Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of Sulfides via Reaction of Arylhalides with S8 or Thiourea
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In this work, complex of Ni-modified graphene oxide was prepared and characterized using FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM, XRD, TGA and ICP-OES techniques. This compound used as an efficient and recoverable catalyst for the C–S coupling reaction using sulfur-transfer reagents (S8 or thiourea). The catalyst was easily separated using a simple filtration and reusable without significant loss of their catalytic efficiency.
- Ghafouri-Nejad, Raziyeh,Hajjami, Maryam,Nejat, Razieh
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- A novel heterogeneous nanocatalyst: 2-Methoxy-1-phenylethanone functionalized MCM-41 supported Cu(II) complex for C-S coupling of aryl halides with thiourea
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An environmentally friendly copper-based catalyst supported on 2-Methoxy-1-phenylethanone functionalized MCM-41 was prepared and characterized by FT-IR, FE-SEM, TEM, XRD, EDX, BET and ICP techniques. The catalyst was applied for the C?S cross-coupling reaction of aryl halides with thiourea. Corresponding products were produced in good yields in aerobic conditions. The catalyst could be recovered and recycled for several times.
- Hajipour, Abdol R.,Fakhari, Farzaneh,Nabi Bidhendi, Gholamreza
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- Cu (II) and Cd (II) anchored functionalized mesoporous SBA-15 as novel, highly efficient and recoverable heterogeneous catalysts for green oxidative coupling of thiols and C–S cross-coupling reaction of aryl halides
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Two novel heterogeneous catalysts have been synthesized by anchoring Cu and Cd Creatinine complexes onto the surface of mesochannels of SBA-15 for highly efficient oxidative coupling of thiols to disulfides using hydrogen peroxide and synthesis of sulfides using S8 and KOH. The structure of the prepared catalysts was determined using SEM, FT-IR, X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, N2 adsorption–desorption analysis and TGA. The catalysts significantly enhanced the reaction rate of the oxidative coupling of thiols and C–S bond formations. The catalysts were reused several times without appreciable loss in their activity.
- Molaei, Somayeh,Tamoradi, Taiebeh,Ghadermazi, Mohammad,Ghorbani-Choghamarani, Arash
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- Copper-Catalyzed Production of Diaryl Sulfides Using Aryl Iodides and a Disilathiane
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A disilathiane was found to be a novel S1 source for the copper-catalyzed synthesis of diaryl sulfides using aryl iodides. The reaction of iodoarenes and hexamethyldisilathiane, (Me 3 Si) 2 S, in the presence of a catalytic amount of CuI/1,10-phenanthroline provided various types of diaryl sulfides in good yields.
- Ogiwara, Yohei,Maeda, Hiromu,Sakai, Norio
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supporting information
p. 655 - 657
(2017/11/29)
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- Synthesis of Polyhydroquinoline, 2,3-Dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one, Sulfide and Sulfoxide Derivatives Catalyzed by New Copper Complex Supported on MCM-41
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Abstract: A simple, efficient and less expensive protocol for the synthesis of Cu(II) immobilized on MCM-41@Serine has been reported. This nanohybrid material was carefully characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, TEM, thermal gravimetric analysis, and N2 adsorption and desorption. The obtained nanostructured compound were also employed as a green, efficient, heterogeneous and reusable catalytic system for the synthesis of polyhydroquinoline, 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one, sulfide and sulfoxide derivatives. High surface area, convenient recovery and reusability for several times without any significant loss of activity, the use of a commercially available, eco-friendly, cheap and chemically stable reagents, good reaction times, simple practical methodology and ease of use all make Cu(II) immobilized on MCM-41@Serine a promising candidate for potential applications in some organic reactions; makes this protocol both attractive and economically viable. Graphical Abstract: MCM-41 nanostructured was prepared via simple and versatile procedure and directly immobilized with a new type of Cu–serine complex. After characterization of this catalyst, the catalytic activity of this nanostructure compound has been investigated for the synthesis of polyhydroquinoline, 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one, sulfide and sulfoxide derivatives. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
- Tamoradi, Taiebeh,Ghadermazi, Mohammad,Ghorbani-Choghamarani, Arash
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p. 857 - 872
(2018/03/01)
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- Zirconium oxide complex anchored on boehmite nanoparticles as highly reusable organometallic catalyst for C–S and C–O coupling reactions
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Boehmite nanoparticles were prepared by a simple and inexpensive procedure in water using commercially available materials without inert atmosphere. Then, the surface of the boehmite nanoparticles was modified using 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane and subsequently zirconium oxide was supported on the modified surface. Zirconium oxide supported on boehmite nanoparticles (Pr.S-ZrO@boehmite) was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and inductively coupled plasma technique. The catalytic application of Pr.S-ZrO@boehmite was studied in C–O and C–S coupling reactions for synthesis of valuable compounds such as ether and sulfide derivatives. All products were obtained in good to excellent yields and the catalyst could be recovered and reused several times without significant loss of catalytic efficiency. Furthermore, zirconium oxide is rarely used as catalyst for cross-coupling reactions.
- Ghorbani-Choghamarani, Arash,Seydyosefi, Zeinab,Tahmasbi, Bahman
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- Synthesis of new zirconium complex supported on MCM-41 and its application as an efficient catalyst for synthesis of sulfides and the oxidation of sulfur containing compounds
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In the present work, we report synthesis of new zirconium complex supported on mesoporous silica by anchoring of adenine on the wall of functionalized MCM-41, then reacted with ZrOCl2. The resultant MCM-41-Adenine-Zr was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TEM, SEM, TGA, EDX, ICP and BET techniques. It was exhibited that the MCM-41-Adenine-Zr can be used as an efficient and thermally stable nanocatalyst for the oxidation of sulfides, oxidative coupling of thiols and synthesis of sulfides. Moreover, this heterogeneous catalyst can be easily recovered from the reaction mixture by simple filtration and reused for several consecutive cycles without noticeable change in its catalytic activity.
- Tamoradi, Taiebeh,Ghorbani-Choghamarani, Arash,Ghadermazi, Mohammad
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- Fe3O4-AMPD-Pd: A novel and efficient magnetic nanocatalyst for synthesis of sulfides and oxidation reactions
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A novel magnetic nanoparticle was synthesized with effective catalytic properties and recyclable ability. This heterogeneous nanocatalyst was identified using Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopies, X‐ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometer, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis methods. The nanocatalyst was used for the synthesis of the one-pot C–S coupling synthesis of sulfide in the presence of KOH, S8 as the sulfur source in DMSO as the solvent at 100 °C. Also, the oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides and oxidative coupling of thiols to disulfides in the presence of the catalyst was tested. The catalyst has unique properties such as ability of magnetic separation from the reaction, high repeatability, and high thermal and chemical stability.
- Tamoradi, Taiebeh,Moeini, Nazanin,Ghadermazi, Mohammad,Ghorbani-Choghamarani, Arash
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p. 104 - 109
(2018/07/29)
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