- Highly enantioselective synthesis of fluorinated γ-amino alcohols through proline-catalyzed cross-Mannich reaction
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(Chemical Equation Presented) A new, simple route for the synthesis of fluorinated β-alkyl γ-amino alcohols in optically pure form in only two steps and featuring proline catalysis from inexpensive and readily available starting materials is described. Th
- Fustero, Santos,Jimenez, Diego,Sanz-Cervera, Juan F.,Saenchez-Rosello, Maria,Esteban, Elisabet,Simon-Fuentes, Antonio
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- Iron porphyrin-catalyzedN-trifluoroethylation of anilines with 2,2,2-trifluoroethylamine hydrochloride in aqueous solution
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An iron porphyrin-catalyzedN-trifluoroethylation of anilines has been developed with 2,2,2-trifluoroethylamine hydrochloride as the fluorine source. This one-pot N-H insertion reaction is conductedviacascade diazotization/N-trifluoroethylation reactions.
- Guo, Cancheng,Guo, Yongjia,Liu, Qiang,Ren, Shuang,Xu, Guiming
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p. 20322 - 20325
(2021/06/26)
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- Novel hybrid conjugates with dual estrogen receptor α degradation and histone deacetylase inhibitory activities for breast cancer therapy
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Hormone therapy targeting estrogen receptors is widely used clinically for the treatment of breast cancer, such as tamoxifen, but most of them are partial agonists, which can cause serious side effects after long-term use. The use of selective estrogen receptor down-regulators (SERDs) may be an effective alternative to breast cancer therapy by directly degrading ERα protein to shut down ERα signaling. However, the solely clinically used SERD fulvestrant, is low orally bioavailable and requires intravenous injection, which severely limits its clinical application. On the other hand, double- or multi-target conjugates, which are able to synergize antitumor activity by different pathways, thus may enhance therapeutic effect in comparison with single targeted therapy. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of novel dual-functional conjugates targeting both ERα degradation and histone deacetylase inhibiton by combining a privileged SERD skeleton 7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane sulfonamide (OBHSA) with a histone deacetylase inhibitor side chain. We found that substituents on both the sulfonamide nitrogen and phenyl group of OBHSA unit had significant effect on biological activities. Among them, conjugate 16i with N-methyl and naphthyl groups exhibited potent antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 cells, and excellent ERα degradation activity and HDACs inhibitory ability. A further molecular docking study indicated the interaction patterns of these conjugates with ERα, which may provide guidance to design novel SERDs or PROTAC-like SERDs for breast cancer therapy.
- Zhao, Chenxi,Tang, Chu,Li, Changhao,Ning, Wentao,Hu, Zhiye,Xin, Lilan,Zhou, Hai-Bing,Huang, Jian
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- Synthesis of tri(di)fluoroethylanilines via copper-catalyzed coupling reaction of tri(di)fluoroethylamine with (hetero)aromatic bromides
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We have realized the first Ullmann type coupling reaction of tri(di)fluoroethylamine with (hetero)aromatic bromides, employing 5-20 mol% Cu2O and an oxalamide ligand [N-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)acetamide]. This efficient and practical method has
- Chen, Suo,Wang, Hui,Jiang, Wei,Rui, Pei-Xin,Hu, Xiang-Guo
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supporting information
p. 9799 - 9807
(2019/12/02)
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- B(C6F5)3-Catalyzed Deoxygenative Reduction of Amides to Amines with Ammonia Borane
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The first B(C6F5)3-catalyzed deoxygenative reduction of amides into the corresponding amines with readily accessible and stable ammonia borane (AB) as a reducing agent under mild reaction conditions is reported. This metal-free protocol provides facile access to a wide range of structurally diverse amine products in good to excellent yields, and various functional groups including those that are reduction-sensitive were well tolerated. This new method is also applicable to chiral amide substrates without erosion of the enantiomeric purity. The role of BF3 ? OEt2 co-catalyst in this reaction is to activate the amide carbonyl group via the in situ formation of an amide-boron adduct. (Figure presented.).
- Pan, Yixiao,Luo, Zhenli,Han, Jiahong,Xu, Xin,Chen, Changjun,Zhao, Haoqiang,Xu, Lijin,Fan, Qinghua,Xiao, Jianliang
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supporting information
p. 2301 - 2308
(2019/01/30)
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- Exploring the PROTAC degron candidates: OBHSA with different side chains as novel selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs)
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As the mutant estrogen receptor (ER) continues to be characterized, breast cancer is becoming increasingly difficult to cure when treated with hormone therapy. In this regard, a strategy to selectively and effectively degrade the ER might be an effective alternative to endocrine therapy for breast cancer. In a previous study, we identified a novel series of 7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptene sulfonamide (OBHSA) compounds as full ER antagonists while lacking the prototypical ligand side chain that has been widely used to induce antagonism of ERα. Further crystal structure studies and phenotypic assays revealed that these compounds are selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs) with a new mechanism of action. However, from a drug discovery point of view, there still is room to improve the potency of these OBHSA compounds. In this study, we have developed new classes of SERDs that contain the OBHSA core structure and different side chains, e.g., basic side chains, long alkyl acid side chains, and glycerol ether side chains, to simply mimic the degrons of proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) and then investigated the structure-activity relationships of these PROTAC-like hybrid compounds. These novel SERDs could effectively inhibit MCF-7 cell proliferation and demonstrated good ERα degradation efficacy. Among the SERDs, compounds 17d, 17e and 17g containing a basic side chain with a N-trifluoroethyl substituent and a para methoxyl group at the phenyl group of the sulfonamide turned out to be the best candidates for ER degraders. A further docking study of these compounds with ERα elucidates their structure-activity relationships, which provides guidance to design new PROTAC degrons targeting ER for breast cancer therapy. Lastly, easy modification of these PROTAC-like SERDs enables further fine-tuning of their pharmacokinetic properties, including oral availability.
- Li, Yuanyuan,Zhang, Silong,Zhang, Jing,Hu, Zhiye,Xiao, Yuan,Huang, Jian,Dong, Chune,Huang, Shengtang,Zhou, Hai-Bing
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- Method of catalyzing trifluoro-ethylation of aromatic primary amine by ferriporphyrin
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The invention provides a method of catalyzing trifluoro-ethylation of aromatic primary amine by ferriporphyrin. The method comprises the following steps: adding trifluoroethylamine salt and nitrite toa diazo-reaction first and then adding aromatic primary
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Page/Page column 12-13
(2019/01/08)
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- Cu-Catalyzed/mediated synthesis of N-fluoroalkylanilines from arylboronic acids: fluorine effect on the reactivity of fluoroalkylamines
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An oxidative coupling reaction of fluoroalkylamines with arylboronic acids has been achieved for the first time. Fluorine has profound influence on the reactivity and fluoroalkylated amines have the following reactivity trend: difluoroethylamine > trifluo
- Wang, Hui,Tu, Yuan-Hong,Liu, De-Yong,Hu, Xiang-Guo
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supporting information
p. 6634 - 6637
(2018/09/29)
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- Transition metal-free: N -fluoroalkylation of amines using cyanurate activated fluoroalcohols
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A novel and highly efficient method for N-fluoroalkylation of amines using 2,4,6-tris(fluoroalkoxy)-1,3,5-triazines was developed. This simple approach allowed the N-fluoroalkylation of amines under fast, mild and efficient reaction conditions, without using a transition metal as a catalyst.
- Haghighi, Fatemeh,Panahi, Farhad,Golbon Haghighi, Mohsen,Khalafi-Nezhad, Ali
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supporting information
p. 12650 - 12653
(2017/12/02)
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- PALLADIUM-CATALYZED ARYLATION OF FLUOROALKYLAMINES
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Methods for synthesizing trifluoroethyl, difluoroethyl, pentafluoropropyl, and difluorophenethyl anilines by palladium-catalyzed coupling of fluoroalkylamines with aryl bromides and aryl chlorides are provided herein. The reaction is conducted with a weak
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Paragraph 0067; 0069
(2016/12/01)
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- Silver(I)-Catalyzed N-Trifluoroethylation of Anilines and O-Trifluoroethylation of Amides with 2,2,2-Trifluorodiazoethane
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A straightforward N-trifluoroethylation of anilines has been developed based on silver-catalyzed N£H insertions with 2,2,2-trifluorodiazoethane (CF3CHN2). Mechanistically, the reaction is proposed to involve migratory insertion of a silver carbene as the key step. In contrast, when amides are employed as the substrates under similar reaction conditions, O-trifluoroethylation occurs to afford trifluoroethyl imidates.
- Luo, Haiqing,Wu, Guojiao,Zhang, Yan,Wang, Jianbo
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supporting information
p. 14503 - 14507
(2016/01/25)
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- Palladium-Catalyzed Arylation of Fluoroalkylamines
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We report the synthesis of fluorinated anilines by palladium-catalyzed coupling of fluoroalkylamines with aryl bromides and aryl chlorides. The products of these reactions are valuable because anilines typically require the presence of an electron-withdrawing substituent on nitrogen to suppress aerobic or metabolic oxidation, and the fluoroalkyl groups have steric properties and polarity distinct from those of more common electron-withdrawing amide and sulfonamide units. The fluoroalkylaniline products are unstable under typical conditions for C-N coupling reactions (heat and strong base). However, the reactions conducted with the weaker base KOPh, which has rarely been used in cross-coupling to form C-N bonds, occurred in high yield in the presence of a catalyst derived from commercially available AdBippyPhos and [Pd(allyl)Cl]2. Under these conditions, the reactions occur with low catalyst loadings (0.50 mol % for most substrates) and tolerate the presence of various functional groups that react with the strong bases that are typically used in Pd-catalyzed C-N cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides. The resting state of the catalyst is the phenoxide complex, (BippyPhosPd(Ar)OPh); due to the electron-withdrawing property of the fluoroalkyl substituent, the turnover-limiting step of the reaction is reductive elimination to form the C-N bond.
- Brusoe, Andrew T.,Hartwig, John F.
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supporting information
p. 8460 - 8468
(2015/07/15)
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- Bicyclic core estrogens as full antagonists: Synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationships of estrogen receptor ligands based on bridged oxabicyclic core arylsulfonamides
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Compounds that block estrogen action through the estrogen receptor (ER) or downregulate ER levels are useful for the treatment of breast cancer and endocrine disorders. In our search for structurally novel estrogens having three-dimensional core scaffolds, we found some compounds with a 7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptene core that bound well to the ERs. The best of these compounds, a phenyl sulfonate ester (termed OBHS for oxabicycloheptene sulfonate), was a partial antagonist on both ERα and ERβ. Although OBHS bears no structural resemblance to other estrogen antagonists, it appears to achieve its partial antagonist character by stabilizing a novel conformation of the ER that involves a significant distortion of helix-11. To enhance the antagonist properties of these oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane core ligands, we expanded the functional diversity of OBHS by replacing the sulfonate with secondary or tertiary sulfonamides (-SO2NR-), isoelectronic and potentially isostructural molecular replacements. An array of 16 OBHS sulfonamide analogues were prepared through a Diels-Alder reaction of a 3,4-diarylfuran using various N-aryl vinyl sulfonamide dienophiles. While the more polar secondary sulphonamides were weak ligands, certain of the tertiary sulfonamides had very good ER binding affinity. In HepG2 cell reporter gene assays, the sulphonamides had moderate potency, but they showed lower intrinsic transcriptional activity on ERα than the selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) hydroxytamoxifen or OBHS, and they were inverse agonists on ERβ. Thus, the behaviour of these OBH-sulfonamides more closely mirrors the activity of full antagonists like the drug fulvestrant (ICI 182780), and their greater antagonist biocharacter appears to arise from an accentuated distortion of helix-11.
- Zhu, Manghong,Zhang, Chen,Nwachukwu, Jerome C.,Srinivasan, Sathish,Cavett, Valerie,Zheng, Yangfan,Carlson, Kathryn E.,Dong, Chune,Katzenellenbogen, John A.,Nettles, Kendall W.,Zhou, Hai-Bing
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p. 8692 - 8700
(2013/01/15)
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- Synthesis of 2-trifluoromethyl quinoline by the reaction of fluorinated imine with alkyne catalyzed by indium(III) triflate
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Preparation of 2-trifluoromethyl-4-aryl quinolines from a variety of readily available alkynes and N-aryl trifluoroethylimine has been achieved via indium(III) triflate catalyzed Diels-Alder reactions. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart New York.
- Xie, Haibo,Zhu, Jiangtao,Chen, Zixian,Li, Shan,Wu, Yongming
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scheme or table
p. 2659 - 2663
(2010/11/18)
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- Trifluoroacetaldehyde: A useful industrial bulk material for the synthesis of trifluoromethylated amino compounds
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The synthesis of various trifluoromethylated amino compounds was studied using trifluoroacetaldehyde, an industrial bulk material, as a starting compound. One general application of trifluoroacetaldehyde is the preparation of trifluoroethylamino derivatives via reductive amination reaction. This synthesis includes the formation of the corresponding N,O-acetal intermediates followed by their reduction using NaBH4 or 2-picoline borane complex, affording the target trifluoroethylamino compounds in moderate to good yields (47-87%). Another general application of trifluoroacetaldehyde is the synthesis of chiral α-substituted trifluoroethylamino compounds. In this synthesis, trifluoroacetaldehyde was first converted into the chiral trifluoromethyl tert-butyl sulfinimine, which was subjected to 1,2-nucleophilic addition reactions across its C{double bond, long}N double bond. The addition of phenyllithium afforded α-(phenyl)trifluoroethylamino derivative in 83% yield and with 96% de. Allylation and Reformatsky reactions produced the corresponding α-substituted trifluoroethylamino derivatives in 82 and 58% yields and with 90 and 91% de, respectively.
- Mimura, Hideyuki,Kawada, Kosuke,Yamashita, Tetsuya,Sakamoto, Takeshi,Kikugawa, Yasuo
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experimental part
p. 477 - 486
(2010/05/02)
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- SULFONAMIDES AS SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR
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Compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, stereoisomers and prodrugs thereof, that are ER ligands and particularly to such compounds that are ER beta-selective and/or ER beta-specific ligands. Compounds herein include certain compounds which are ER be
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Page/Page column 14; 22; 24-25
(2008/06/13)
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- Facile preparation of polyfluoroalkylated aldimines from polyfluoroalkanoic acids
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Polyfluoroalkylated aldimines were prepared by reducing polyfluoroalkyl imidoyl chlorides, which are readily available from polyfluoroalkanoic acids, with LTBA (lithium tri-tert-butoxyaluminum hydride). Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
- Takagi, Jun,Takihana, Ryozo,Kuwano, Akiko,Uneyama, Kenji
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p. 1624 - 1628
(2008/02/05)
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