- Method for preparing 3-hydracrylic acid ester derivative
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The invention discloses a method for preparing a 3-hydracrylic acid ester derivative, which comprises the step of in the presence of an alcohol compound and a hydrodeoxygenation catalyst, reacting glyceric acid with hydrogen and the alcohol compound to obtain the 3-hydracrylic acid ester derivative, wherein the hydrodeoxygenation catalyst is a mixture of a supported metal catalyst and at least one supported metal oxide catalyst and/or at least one supported heteropolyacid catalyst. The method disclosed by the invention is green and environment-friendly, and the yield of the 3-hydracrylic acid ester derivative is high.
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Paragraph 0053-0055
(2022/01/04)
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- Producing method of 3-hydroxypropanoate
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The invention relates to a producing method of 3-hydroxypropanoate. The problems that a catalyst is complex in preparation and low in activity in the prior art are mainly solved. According to the producing method of the 3-hydroxypropanoate, with the presence of a cobalt salt, ligand and a cocatalyst, oxirane, synthesis gas and alcohol react to obtain the 3-hydroxypropanoate, wherein the cobalt salt is one of cobalt phosphate, cobalt sulfate, cobalt acetate, cobalt chloride, cobalt carbonate, cobalt nitrate, cobalt hydroxide, cobalt oxide and cobalt oxalate, the ligand is N-containing ligand, and the cocatalyst is metal powder or a carrier-loaded metal element. By means of the technical scheme, the technical problem is well solved, and the method can be used for industrial production of the3-hydroxypropanoate.
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Paragraph 0031; 0032
(2019/05/15)
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- Preparation method of 3-oxetane carboxylic acid
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The invention provides a preparation method of 3-oxetane carboxylic acid. The preparation method is characterized by carrying out hydrolytic esterification reaction, hydrogen pulling reaction and reduction reaction by taking 3-hydroxypropionitrile as a raw material, thus obtaining 2-benzyloxymethyl-1,3-propanediol; carrying out cyclization reaction, debenzylation reaction and oxidation reaction on2-benzyloxymethyl-1,3-propanediol, thus obtaining 3-oxetane carboxylic acid. According to the preparation method of 3-oxetane carboxylic acid, provided by the invention, a key intermediate 2-benzyloxymethyl-1,3-propanediol can be prepared just through three-steps reaction by taking 3-hydroxypropionitrile as the raw material, and 3-oxetane carboxylic acid can be prepared just through six-steps reaction in a final integral route, so that the reaction route is greatly shortened, and reaction steps are reduced; compared with a preparation method requiring ten-steps reaction in the prior art, theyield is higher, the operation is easy, and industrial production can be favorably realized.
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Paragraph 0065-0069
(2018/08/03)
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- Highly active Cu/SiO2 catalysts for hydrogenation of diethyl malonate to 1,3-propanediol
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Cu/SiO2 catalysts prepared by the ammonia evaporation method were applied to hydrogenation of diethyl malonate to 1,3-propanediol. The calcination temperature played an important role in the structural evolution and catalytic performance of the Cu/SiO2 catalysts, which were systematically characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy, N2O chemisorption, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, H2 temperature-programmed reduction, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. When the Cu/SiO2 catalyst was calcined at 723 K, 90.7% conversion of diethyl malonate and 32.3% selectivity of 1,3-propanediol were achieved. Compared with Cu/SiO2 catalysts calcined at other temperatures, the enhanced catalytic performance of the Cu/SiO2 catalyst calcined at 723 K can be attributed to better dispersion of copper species, larger cupreous surface area and greater amount of copper phyllosilicate, which results in a higher ratio of Cu+/Cu0. The synergetic effect of Cu0 and Cu+ is suggested to be responsible for the optimum activity.
- Ding, Tongmei,Tian, Hengshui,Liu, Jichang,Wu, Wenbin,Yu, Jintao
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p. 484 - 493
(2016/04/20)
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- Pharmacophore elucidation of phosphoiodyn A - Potent and selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ agonists with neuroprotective activity
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We report the pharmacophore of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) agonist natural product phosphoiodyn A is the phosphonate core. Synthesis of simplified phosphonate esters 13 and 15 provide structurally novel, highly selective and potent PPARδ agonists (EC50 = 78 and 112 nM, respectively). Further, both compounds demonstrate significant neuroprotective activity in an in vitro cellular model indicating that phosphonates may be an effective novel scaffold for the design of therapeutics for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
- Kinarivala, Nihar,Suh, Ji Ho,Botros, Mina,Webb, Paul,Trippier, Paul C.
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supporting information
p. 1889 - 1893
(2016/04/05)
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- Immobilization of Carbonylcobalt Catalyst by Poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) through N→Co Coordination Bonds: The Promotional Effect of Pyridine and the Reusability of Polymer Catalyst
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A carbonylcobalt catalyst, immobilized by poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) through N→Co coordination bonds, has been prepared by solvothermal method. It has been revealed that the pyridine fragments in the polymer catalyst act not only as promoters to improve the catalytic performance of the carbonylcobalt catalyst for alkoxycarbonylation of ethylene oxide to methyl 3-hydroxypropanoate but also as stabilizers to enhance the reusability of the polymer catalyst. Furthermore, the polymer catalyst could be easily separated by filtration and reused with only a slight loss of catalytic efficiency.
- Liu, Yu-Bing,Wang, Yi-Ning,Lu, Hai-Meng,Liang, Shuang,Xu, Bo-Lian,Fan, Yi-Ning
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supporting information
p. 3159 - 3164
(2016/11/29)
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- METHODS FOR PRODUCING ALKYL HYDROXYALKANOATES
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Methods and systems for producing alkyl hydroxyalkanoate from hydroxy carboxylic acid recovery bottoms. The methods generally comprise the steps of obtaining a hydroxy carboxylic acid recovery bottom, adding a mono-alcohol to the hydroxy carboxylic acid recovery bottom to obtain a first mixture, heating the first mixture in the presence of a catalyst to form a reaction product, distilling the reaction product, and recovering an alkyl hydroxyalkanoate fraction.
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Paragraph 00096; 00097
(2015/05/05)
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- METHODS OF MANUFACTURING DERIVATIVES OF β-HYDROXYCARBOXYLIC ACIDS
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Preparation of derivatives of β-hydroxycarboxylic acid, including β-hydroxycarboxylic acid esters, α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids, esters of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid, and alkoxy derivatives.
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Page/Page column 7-9
(2008/06/13)
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- Enantiomerically pure tetrahydro-5-oxo-2-furancarboxylic esters from dialkyl 2-oxoglutarates
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Enantiomerically pure tetrahydro-5-oxo-2-furancarboxylic esters can be prepared either by enzymatic resolution of the racemic γ-lactones themselves or by bioreduction with baker's yeast of dialkyl 2-oxoglutarates and subsequent cyclization of the resulting dialkyl 2-hydroxyglutarates. The best results were obtained by the former route, by which the desired compounds were isolated in high enantiomeric excess. Bioreductions were less satisfactory. In fact the hydroxyester intermediates were initially formed as racemic mixtures and their final enantiomeric enrichment was reached by asymmetric destruction, occurring in the bioreaction medium, however at the same time large amounts of alkyl 4-hydroxybutanoates were formed as side products.
- Drioli, Sara,Nitti, Patrizia,Pitacco, Giuliana,Tossut, Laura,Valentin, Ennio
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p. 2713 - 2728
(2007/10/03)
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- Erythromycin compounds
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Compounds of the formula STR1 wherein X and X' form C=O or C=NOR, R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, heterocycle, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, all optionally substituted, or X is STR2 Ra and Rb are hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group or form together with the nitrogen a heterocycle, or with A forms a 9-N, 11-O ring, and X' is hydrogen, --Y and Y' have the same definition as X and X', B is hydrogen or OR4, R4 is hydrogen or forms together with A a carbonate or a carbamate, A forms with C a double bond or A is OR'4, R'4 is hydrogen or forms together with B a carbonate or STR3 R2 is alkyl or --CONH2, --CONHCOR11 or --CONHSO2 R11, R11 is a hydrocarbon up to 18 carbon atoms, R3 is hydrogen, STR4 and Z is hydrogen or a carboxylic acid remainder and their non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts, their preparation and intermediates useful as antibiotics.
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- Reactions of β-Lactones with Potassium Alkoxides and Their Complexes with 18-Crown-6 in Aprotic Solvents
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The mechanism of the reaction of β-lactones (2-oxetanones) with potassium alkoxides in aprotic solvents was investigated.Despite previous suggestions, the attack of alkoxide ion occurs on the carbonyl carbon atom of β-lactones, cleaving the acyl-oxygen bond to yield the corresponding potassium alcoholate of the respective β-hydroxycarboxylic acid ester.Next, the unsaturated ester is formed due to potassium hydroxide elimination.The nature of the alkoxide used and complexation of alkali metal cation by crown ether have no significant effect on the reaction course in aprotic solvents.
- Kurcok, Piotr,Jedlinski, Zbigniew,Kowalczuk, Marek
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p. 4219 - 4220
(2007/10/02)
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- Ozonolysis of Enol Ethers. Formation of 3-Alkoxy-1,2-dioxolanes by Concerted Addition of a Carbonyl Oxide to an Enol Ether
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The ozonolyses of methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, and ethyl isopropenyl ether were studied in a variety of solvents.Alkoxy-1,2,4-trioxolanes and alkoxy-1,2-dioxolanes were the main products in pentane and ester solvents.These products arose from the carbonyl oxide (H2COO) produced upon ozonolysis undergoing 1,3-cycloaddition reactions with esters and activated olefins (enol ethers).From additional trapping experiments, the following relative dipolarophilicities toward the carbonyl oxide were inferred: aldehydes > enol ethers > esters - ca. ketones.Ozonolysis of stereolabeled ethyl vinyl-2-d1 ether gave ethoxy-1,2-dioxolane with retention of the alkene configuration at the -CHDCH(OEt)- linkage.This is the first example where stereospecificity, implying concertedness, has been directly observed for a reaction of a carbonyl oxide with a substrate.These results are consistent with the Criegee mechanism and extend it to the ozonolysis of enol ethers.
- Keul, Helmut,Choi, Hyung-Soo,Kuczkowski, Robert L.
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p. 3365 - 3371
(2007/10/02)
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- OXYGEN YLIDES-I. REACTIONS OF CARBENES WITH OXETANE
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The ylides generated from carbenes (:CH2, :CHCO2Et, :CHPh) and oxetane in the presence of methanol undergo Stevens rearrangement and protonation competitively, yielding tetrahydrofurans and 1,3-dialkoxycyclopropanes as major products.
- Friedrich, Klaus,Jansen, Ulrich,Kirmse, Wolfgang
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p. 193 - 196
(2007/10/02)
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- Hydroboration. 57. Hydroboration with 9-Borabicyclononane of Alkenes Containing Representative Functional Groups
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The hydroboration of alkenes containing representative functional groups was examined with 9-borabicyclononane (9-BBN) in order to extend the hydroboration reaction for the preparation of functionally substituted organoboranes.Terminal alkenes containing a remote functional group are hydroborated with a remarkable regioselectivity (>=98percent terminal), producing the corresponding stable organoboranes. 9-BBN hydroborates the allylic derivatives so as to place boron essentially on the terminal carbon atom (>=97percent).The directive effect is further enhanced (>=99percent) in the case of β-methylallyl derivatives.The hydroboration of crotyl derivatives attaches boron predominantly at the 2-position, followed by an elimination-rehydroboration sequence.However, crotyl alcohol can be protected against elimination as the tert-butyl or tetrahydropyranyl ethers.The hydroboration-oxidation of ethyl crotonate involves a series of elimination, hydroboration, and condensation processes.In the vinyl, crotyl, and isobutenyl systems, the mesomeric effect of the substituent favors the placement of boron at the β-position, while the inductive effect favors the α-position, with the former effect predominating in most cases.Acyclic β-substituted organoboranes undergo rapid elimination.Nonpolar solvents and lower reaction temperatures decrease the rate of elimination.However, those derived from cyclic vinyl derivatives are relatively stable under neutral conditions, undergoing facile elimination in the presence of a base.
- Brown, Herbert C.,Chen, Jackson C.
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p. 3978 - 3988
(2007/10/02)
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