- Synthesis and biological evaluation of galactofuranosyl alkyl thioglycosides as inhibitors of mycobacteria
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As part of our research interest directed toward the development of antimycobacterial agents, we have investigated compounds based on galactofuranose (Galf), an essential cell wall component of mycobacteria. The objective of this study was to explore stru
- Davis, Chris B.,Hartnell, Regan D.,Madge, Paul D.,Owen, David J.,Thomson, Robin J.,Chong, Andrew K.J.,Coppel, Ross L.,Von Itzstein, Mark
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- Long-chain alkyl ester amine compound or fluorine-containing long-chain alkyl ester amine compound and kilogram-level preparation method thereof
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The invention discloses a long-chain alkyl ester amine compound or a fluorine-containing long-chain alkyl ester amine compound and a kilogram-level preparation method thereof. According to the method, a product is obtained at a high yield in synthesis of a first part of halogenated long-chain alkyl ester and halogenated polyfluoroalkyl long-chain ester, and the product is obtained at a yield of 90% in the kilogram-level preparation process. In the process, column chromatography is not needed, the product can be obtained directly through distillation or reduced pressure distillation, and the method has obvious advantages in the aspects of production route and synthesis cost. In the step-by-step amination of the second part, by-products are prevented from being generated by controlling reaction conditions, and the final target product is obtained in the two steps at the yield of 90% or above.
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Paragraph 0131-0132; 0153; 0190-0191; 0193
(2021/09/15)
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- IONIZABLE AMINE LIPIDS AND LIPID NANOPARTICLES
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The disclosure provides ionizable amine lipids and salts thereof (e.g., pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof) useful for the delivery of biologically active agents, for example delivering biologically active agents to cells to prepare engineered cells. The ionizable amine lipids disclosed herein are useful as ionizable lipids in the formulation of lipid nanoparticle-based compositions.
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Page/Page column 129
(2020/11/04)
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- Long-Range Self-Assembly of an Electron-Deficient Hexaazatrinaphthylene with Out-of-Plane Substituents
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The unprecedented time-dependent long-range supramol-ecular assembly of electron-deficient hexaazatrinaphthylene (HATN) core based on peripheral crowding with three out-of-plane cyclic ketals is reported. The single-crystal X-ray structure of the diethyl derivative provided detailed information as to how four molecules in a repeating unit were packed in order to avoid steric crowding of the out-of-plane cyclic ketal side chain, providing locking and fastening for stabilizing the self-assembled structure. The polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) did not instantaneously show any phase transition upon the cooling process. To our surprise, POM images showed a nucleation of spherulite up to 100 μm after 24 hour later. X-ray diffraction data further confirmed that these soft crystal formed a hexagonal-like crystal. The long-range self-assembly of the new material showed a slight red shift in the UV-vis absorption spectra and further substantiated by computational method.
- Chen, Yi-Ru,Zhang, Yong-Yun,Yeh, Ming-Che,Luo, Ying-Ting,Ong, Chi Wi
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p. 613 - 618
(2019/12/24)
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- Bridging Small Molecules to Conjugated Polymers: Efficient Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence with a Methyl-Substituted Phenylene Linker
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Based on a “TADF + Linker” strategy (TADF=thermally activated delayed fluorescence), demonstrated here is the successful construction of conjugated polymers that allow highly efficient delayed fluorescence. Small molecular TADF blocks are linked together
- Rao, Jiancheng,Liu, Xinrui,Li, Xuefei,Yang, Liuqing,Zhao, Lei,Wang, Shumeng,Ding, Junqiao,Wang, Lixiang
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supporting information
p. 1320 - 1326
(2019/12/24)
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- A General and Air-tolerant Strategy to Conjugated Polymers within Seconds under Palladium(I) Dimer Catalysis
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While current M0/MII based polymerization strategies largely focus on fine-tuning the catalyst, reagents and conditions for each and every monomer, this report discloses a single method that allows access to a variety of different conjugated polymers within seconds at room temperature. Key to this privileged reactivity is an air- and moisture stable dinuclear PdI catalyst. The method is operationally simple, robust and tolerant to air.
- Magnin, Guillaume,Clifton, Jamie,Schoenebeck, Franziska
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supporting information
p. 10179 - 10183
(2019/06/25)
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- IONIZABLE CATIONIC LIPID FOR RNA DELIVERY
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What is described is a compound of formula I consisting of a compound in which R1 is a branched chain alkyl consisting of 10 to 31 carbons; R2 is a linear alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl consisting of 2 to 20 carbons; L1 and L2 are the same or different, each a linear alkylene of 1 to 20 carbons or a linear alkenylene of 2 to 20 carbons; X1 is S or O; R3 is a linear or branched alkylene consisting of 1 to 6 carbons; and R4 and R5 are the same or different, each a hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl consisting of 1 to 6 carbons; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
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Paragraph 0025; 0350-0352
(2018/07/04)
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- IONIZABLE CATIONIC LIPID FOR RNA DELIVERY
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What is described is a compound of formula I consisting of a compound in which R1 is a branched chain alkyl consisting of 10 to 31 carbons;R2 is a linear alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl consisting of 2 to 20 carbons, or a branched chain alkyl consisting of 10 to 31 carbons;L1 and L2 are the same or different, each a linear alkane of 1 to 20 carbons or a linear alkene of 2 to 20 carbons;X1 is S or O;R3 is a linear or branched alkylene consisting of 1 to 6 carbons; andR4 and R5 are the same or different, each a hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl consisting of 1 to 6 carbons; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
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Paragraph 0392; 0393; 0394
(2018/07/05)
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- COMPOUNDS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR INTRACELLULAR DELIVERY OF THERAPEUTIC AGENTS
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The disclosure features novel lipids and compositions involving the same. Nanoparticle compositions include a novel lipid as well as additional lipids such as phospholipids, structural lipids, and PEG lipids. Nanoparticle compositions further including therapeutic and/or prophylactics such as RNA are useful in the delivery of therapeutic and/or prophylactics to mammalian cells or organs to, for example, regulate polypeptide, protein, or gene expression.
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Paragraph 00427
(2017/04/11)
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- POLYNUCLEOTIDES ENCODING LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE FOR THE TREATMENT OF HYPERLIPIDEMIA
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The invention relates to mRNA therapy for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. mRNAs for use in the invention, when administered in vivo, encode human lipoprotein lipase (LPL), isoforms thereof, functional fragments thereof, and fusion proteins comprising LPL. mRNAs of the invention are preferably encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to effect efficient delivery to cells and/or tissues in subjects, when administered thereto, mRNA therapeaies of the invention increase and/or restore deficient levels of LPL expression and/or activity in subjects. mRNA therapies of the invention further decrease levels of triglycerides associated with deficient LPL activity in subjects.
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Page/Page column 380
(2017/12/18)
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- Carbazole-based π-conjugated polyazomethines: Effects of catenation and comonomer insertion on optoelectronic features
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A series of carbazole-based polyazomethines have been synthesized under micro-wave irradiation and without transition-metal based catalyst. The impact of both the catenation brought by the carbazole subunits and the insertion of a co-monomer, i.e. 3,4 ethylene dioxythiophene (EDOT), on the optical and electrochemical properties have been studied. Among the different polyazomethines synthesized, the best in terms of optical and electrochemical properties has been found to be the one with the azomethine function linked in positions 2,7 of carbazole subunits. Upon the insertion of the EDOT comonomer, an increase of the molecular weight and a red-shift in the absorption spectra has been observed, corresponding to a diminution of the electronic gap.
- Garbay,Muccioli,Pavlopoulou,Hanifa,Hadziioannou,Brochon,Cloutet
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p. 274 - 284
(2017/05/31)
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- organic semiconductor compound, manufacturing method thereof, and organic electronic device that contains it
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The present invention relates to an organic semiconductor compound, a method for manufacturing the same, and an organic electronic device comprising the same and, more specifically, to an organic semiconductor compound including quinoxaline, a method for manufacturing the same, and an organic electronic device comprising the same. In addition, by having a low band gap by synthesizing and copolymerizing a thiophene derivative containing sulfur (S) with a quinoxaline-based compound, the organic electronic device comprising the same has a higher efficiency with an innovative combination with a fullerene derivative, which is a photoactive layer, with the organic semiconductor compound of the present invention. The organic semiconductor compound of the present invention has high thermal stability and high solubility and the organic electronic device comprising the same has excellent electric characteristics, thereby can be valuably used as a n-type material of the organic electronic device, especially an organic solar cell or an organic thin film transistor.
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Paragraph 0164; 0171-0172
(2016/10/09)
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- A versatile approach to organic photovoltaics evaluation using white light pulse and microwave conductivity
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State-of-the-art low band gap conjugated polymers have been investigated for application in organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) to achieve efficient conversion of the wide spectrum of sunlight into electricity. A remarkable improvement in power conversion efficiency (PCE) has been achieved through the use of innovative materials and device structures. However, a reliable technique for the rapid screening of the materials and processes is a prerequisite toward faster development in this area. Here we report the realization of such a versatile evaluation technique for bulk heterojunction OPVs by the combination of time-resolved microwave conductivity (TRMC) and submicrosecond white light pulse from a Xe-flash lamp. Xe-flash TRMC allows examination of the OPV active layer without requiring fabrication of the actual device. The transient photoconductivity maxima, involving information on generation efficiency, mobility, and lifetime of charge carriers in four well-known low band gap polymers blended with phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), were confirmed to universally correlate with the PCE divided by the open circuit voltage (PCE/Voc), offering a facile way to predict photovoltaic performance without device fabrication.
- Saeki, Akinori,Yoshikawa, Saya,Tsuji, Masashi,Koizumi, Yoshiko,Ide, Marina,Vijayakumar, Chakkooth,Seki, Shu
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supporting information
p. 19035 - 19042
(2013/01/15)
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- Synthesis and applications of novel acceptor-donor-acceptor organic dyes with dithienopyrrole- and fluorene-cores for dye-sensitized solar cells
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Four novel symmetrical organic dyes (S1-S4) configured with acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) structures containing electron donating fluorene (S1 and S2) and N-alkyl dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole (DTP) (S3 and S4) cores terminated with two anchoring cyanoacrylic acids (as electron acceptors) were synthesized and applied to dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The DSSC device based on S2 dye showed the best photovoltaic performance among S1-S4 dyes: a maximum monochromatic incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) of 76%, a short circuit current (JSC) of 12.27 mA/cm2, an open circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.61 V, a fill factor (FF) of 0.63, and an overall power conversion efficiency (η) of 4.73%. Besides, the utilization of chenodoxycholic acid (CDCA) as a co-adsorbent in the DSSC device based on S3 dye showed a significant improvement in its η value (from 3.70% to 4.31%), which is attributed to the suppression of dye aggregation on TiO2 surface and thus to increase the JSC value eventually. Copyright
- Sahu, Duryodhan,Padhy, Harihara,Patra, Dhananjaya,Yin, Jen-Fu,Hsu, Ying-Chan,Lin, Jiann-T'Suen,Lu, Kuang-Lieh,Wei, Kung-Hwa,Lin, Hong-Cheu
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experimental part
p. 303 - 311
(2011/02/28)
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- Novel conjugated alternating copolymer based on 2,7-carbazole and 2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole
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A novel conjugated alternating copolymer (PCzDBSe) based on N-9'-heptadecanyl-2,7-carbazole and 5,5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzoselenadiazole) was synthesized by Suzuki polycondensation. The polymer reveals excellent thermal stabilities with the decomposition temperature (5% weight loss) of 390°C and the glass-transition temperature of 140°C. The absorption peaks of the polymer are located at 412 and 626nm, respectively, while the absorption onset is extended to 716nm, which is 56nm red-shifted as compared with its analogue, poly[N-9'-heptadecanyl-2,7-carbazole-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT). The HOMO and LUMO levels of the polymer were estimated to be -5.28 and -3.55eV, respectively, with an optical bandgap of 1.73eV. The hole mobility of PCzDBSe as deduced from a solution-processed organic field effect transistor (OFET) was found to be 3.9×10-4cm2V-1s-1. Polymer solar cells (PSCs) based on the blends of PCzDBSe and [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) with a weight ratio of 1:4 were fabricated. Under AM 1.5 (AM, air mass), 100mWcm-2 illumination, the devices were found to have an open-circuit (Voc) of 0.75V, a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 7.23mAcm-2, a fill factor (FF) of 45% and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.58%. The primary results indicate that 5,5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzoselenadiazole) is a promising unit for low bandgap polymer for polymer solar cells.
- Zhao, Wei,Cai, Wanzhu,Xu, Ruixia,Yang, Wei,Gong, Xiong,Wu, Hongbin,Cao, Yong
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scheme or table
p. 3196 - 3202
(2011/10/31)
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- Synthesis and characterization of a thiadiazole/benzoimidazole-based copolymer for solar cell applications
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In this study, we synthesized a new polymer, PCTDBI, containing alternating carbazole and thiadiazole-benzoimidazole (TDBI) units. This polymer (number-average molecular weight = 25,600 g mol-1), which features a planar imidazole structure into the polymeric main chain, possesses reasonably good thermal properties (Tg = 105 °C; Td = 396 °C) and an optical band gap of 1.75 eV that matches the maximum photon flux of sunlight. Electrochemical measurements revealed an appropriate energy band offset between the polymer's lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and that of PCBM, thereby allowing efficient electron transfer between the two species. A solar cell device incorporating PCTDBI and PCBM at a blend ratio of 1:2 (w/w) exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 1.20%; the corresponding device incorporating PCTDBI and PC71BM (1:2, w/w) exhibited a PCE of 1.84%.
- Chen, Guan-Yu,Lan, Shang-Che,Lin, Po-Yu,Chu, Chih-Wei,Wei, Kung-Hwa
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experimental part
p. 4456 - 4464
(2011/11/30)
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- Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of symmetrical two-tailed dendritic tricarboxylato amphiphiles
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Two series of water-soluble, symmetrical two-tailed homologous dendritic amphiphiles-R2NCONHC((CH2)2COOH)3, 2(n,n), and R2CHNHCONHC((CH2)2COOH)3, 3(n,n), where R = n-CnH2n+1-were synthesized and compared to R″NHCONHC((CH2)2COOH)3, 1(n), R″ = n-CnH2n+1, to determine whether antimicrobial activity was influenced by total or individual alkyl chain lengths, and whether antimicrobial activity depends on hydrophobicity or tail topology (one or two). In a broad screen of 11 microorganisms, 2(n,n) and 3(n,n) generally displayed higher minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) than 1(n) against growth as measured by broth microdilution assays. Chain-length specificity was observed against Candida albicans as 1(16), 2(8,8), and 3(8,8) showed the lowest MIC in their respective series. The one case where two-tailed compounds displayed the lowest MICs-3(10,10), 15 μM; 3(11,11), 7.2 μM; and 3(12,12), 6.9 μM-was against Cryptococcus neoformans.
- Sugandhi, Eko W.,Falkinham III, Joseph O.,Gandour, Richard D.
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p. 3842 - 3853
(2008/02/09)
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- Synthesis of and vesicle formation from phosphorylcholine amphiphiles with one symmetrically branched alkyl chain.
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Three phosphorylcholines with symmetrically branched alkyl chains (1a-c) have been synthesized.The synthesis involves three steps: (1) reaction of the alcohol (CnH(2n+1))2CHOH, (n = 6, 8, 10) with 2-chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane in the presence of triethylamine; (2) oxidation of the resulting trialkyl phosphite with nitrogen dioxide and (3) ring opening of the cyclic phosphate triester by trimethylamine in acetonitrile.When suspended in water, these amphiphiles all form bilayer vesicles as revealed by electron microscopy and NMR spectroscopy.The vesicles have diameters of 300-1000 Angstroem and are stable for more than a week.
- Overmars, Franc J. J.,Engberts, Jan B. F. N.,Weringa, Wilke, D.
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p. 293 - 296
(2007/10/02)
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- TENSION SUPERFICIELLE ET MICELLISATION D'ALKYL SULFONATES DE SODIUM A DEUX CHAINES EGALES
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Five new symetrical double tailed alkyl sodium sulfonates R(R)CH-SO3Na, each chain varying from 7 to 11 carbon atoms, have been synthesized and purified.Their solubilities in distillled water have been determined between 0 and 80 deg C.From measurement of surface tension, the curve γ = f(log C) permits the determination of the CMC and the surface excess.A linear plot of log(CMC) versus the total number of carbons have been established.The area per molecule near the CMC is the same for all the terms of the serie.The surface tension above the CMC decreases from 25.7 to 21.4 mN/m when the alkyl chain grows, from R = C7H16 to R = C11H23 at 60 deg C.In the presence of added NaCl, the area per molecule decreases to 55 +/- 5 Angstroem and the evolution of the CMC values versus salinity gives an estimation of the ionization degree of the micelles.
- Granet, Robert,Piekarski, Salomon
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p. 131 - 136
(2007/10/02)
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- Improved synthesis of tertiary alcohols from reactions of organoboranes with 2-lithio-1,3-benzodithioles
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Treatment of trialkylboranes with 2-lithio-1,3-benzodithioles and then mercuric chloride (or methyl fluorosulhonate) followed by oxidation gives tertiary alcohols in high yields. The method is applicable to reactions of hindered organoboranes that fail using 1-lithio-1,1-bis(phenylthio)alkanes.
- Ncube, Smollie,Pelter, Andrew,Smith, Keith
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p. 1895 - 1896
(2007/10/05)
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