- Water-soluble inhibitors of ABCG2 (BCRP) – A fragment-based and computational approach
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A good balance between hydrophilicity and lipophilicity is a prerequisite for all bioactive compounds. If the hydrophilicity of a compound is low, its solubility in water will be meager. Many drug development failures have been attributed to poor aqueous solubility. ABCG2 inhibitors are especially prone to be insoluble since they have to address the extremely large and hydrophobic multidrug binding site in ABCG2. For instance, our previous, tariquidar-related ABCG2 inhibitor UR-MB108 (1) showed high potency (79 nM), but very low aqueous solubility (78 nM). To discover novel potent ABCG2 inhibitors with improved solubility we pursued a fragment-based approach. Substructures of 1 were optimized and the fragments ‘enlarged’ to obtain inhibitors, supported by molecular docking studies. Synthesis was achieved, i.a., via Sonogashira coupling, click chemistry and amide coupling. A kinetic solubility assay revealed that 1 and most novel inhibitors did not precipitate during the short time period of the applied biological assays. The solubility of the compounds in aqueous media at equilibrium was investigated in a thermodynamic solubility assay, where UR-Ant116 (40), UR-Ant121 (41), UR-Ant131 (48) and UR-Ant132 (49) excelled with solubilities between 1 μM and 1.5 μM – an up to 19-fold improvement compared to 1. Moreover, these novel N-phenyl-chromone-2-carboxamides inhibited ABCG2 in a Hoechst 33342 transport assay with potencies in the low three-digit nanomolar range, reversed MDR in cancer cells, were non-toxic and proved stable in blood plasma. All properties make them attractive candidates for in vitro assays requiring long-term incubation and in vivo studies, both needing sufficient solubility at equilibrium. 41 and 49 were highly ABCG2-selective, a precondition for developing PET tracers. The triple ABCB1/C1/G2 inhibitor 40 qualifies for potential therapeutic applications, given the concerted role of the three transporter subtypes at many tissue barriers, e.g. the BBB.
- Antoni, Frauke,Wifling, David,Bernhardt, Günther
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supporting information
(2020/11/20)
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- Lipid compound and composition thereof
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The invention relates to a lipid compound and a composition thereof, a lipid nanoparticle containing the composition, a preparation method of the composition and application of the composition in drug delivery.
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- Facile Conversion of Molecularly Complex (Hetero)aryl Carboxylic Acids into Alkynes for Accelerated SAR Exploration
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1,2,3-Triazoles are well-established bioisosteres for amides, often installed as a result of structure?activity-relationship (SAR) exploration. A straightforward approach to assess the effect of the replacement of an amide by a triazole would start from the carboxylic acid and the amine used for the formation of a given amide and convert them into the corresponding alkyne and azide for cyclization by copper-catalyzed alkyne?azide cycloaddition (CuAAC). Herein, we report a functional-group-tolerant and operationally simple decarbonylative alkynylation that allows the conversion of complex (hetero)aryl carboxylic acids into alkynes. Furthermore, the utility of this method was demonstrated in the preparation of a triazolo analog of the commercial drug moclobemide. Lastly, mechanistic investigations using labeled carboxylic acid derivatives clearly show the decarbonylative nature of this transformation.
- Lutter, Ferdinand H.,Jouffroy, Matthieu
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supporting information
p. 14816 - 14820
(2021/10/08)
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- Compound, pharmaceutical composition, KDM5C inhibitor and antidepressant
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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compound having a strong KDM5C inhibitory action, and an antidepressant. SOLUTION: The present invention provides a triazole-4-ylpyridine compound represented by the following formula. SELECTED DRAWING: None COPYRIGHT: (C)2021,JPOandINPIT
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Paragraph 0085
(2021/01/21)
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- COMPOUNDS AND METHODS FOR TREATING CANCER
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Substituted cinnamamide compounds and analogs, methods of making such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments comprising such compounds, and methods of using such compounds to treat, prevent or ameliorate cancer are provided.
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Paragraph 0190; 0393
(2020/12/19)
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- Design, synthesis, antitrypanosomal activity, DNA/RNA binding and in vitro ADME profiling of novel imidazoline-substituted 2-arylbenzimidazoles
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Novel imidazoline benzimidazole derivatives containing diversely substituted phenoxy moieties were synthesized with the aim of evaluating their antitrypanosomal activity, DNA/RNA binding affinity and in vitro ADME properties. The presence of the diethylaminoethyl subunit in 18a–18c led to enhanced antitrypanosomal potency, particularly for 18a and 18c, which contain unsubstituted and methoxy-substituted phenoxy moieties. They were found to be > 2-fold more potent against African trypanosomes than nifurtimox. Fluorescence and CD spectroscopy, thermal denaturation assays and computational analysis indicated a preference of 18a–18c toward AT-rich DNA and their minor groove binding mode. Replacement of the amidine group with less basic and ionisable nitrogen-containing moieties failed to improve membrane permeability of the investigated compounds. Due to structural diversification, the compounds displayed a range of physico-chemical features resulting in variable in vitro ADME properties, leaving space for further optimization of the biological profiles.
- Kelly, John M.,Taylor, Martin C.,Baji?, Miroslav,Bokuli?, Ana,Jeli?, Dubravko,Ko?trun, Sanja,Krstulovi?, Luka,Popov, Andrea Bistrovi?,Rai?-Mali?, Silvana,Stojkovi?, Marijana Radi?,Zonji?, Iva
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- A lysosome-specific near-infrared fluorescent probe for: In vitro cancer cell detection and non-invasive in vivo imaging
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Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes have been developed as potential bio-materials having profound applications in diagnosis and clinical practice. Herein, we wish to disclose a highly photostable ultra-bright NIR probe for the specific detection of lysosomes in numerous cell lines. Furthermore, the applicability of the developed NIR probe was evaluated for in vivo imaging.
- Mengji, Rakesh,Acharya, Chiranjit,Vangala, Venugopal,Jana, Avijit
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supporting information
p. 14182 - 14185
(2019/12/02)
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- Synthesis and Properties of Azide-Functionalized Ionic Liquids as Attractive Hypergolic Fuels
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Hypergolic ionic liquids (ILs) have shown a great promise as viable replacements for toxic and volatile hydrazine derivatives used as propellant fuels, and hence, have attracted increasing interest over the last decade. To take advantage of the reactivity and high energy density of the azido group, a family of low-cost and easily prepared azide-functionalized cation-based ILs, including fuel-rich anions, such as nitrate, dicyanamide, and nitrocyanamide anions, were synthesized and characterized. All the dicyanamide- and nitrocyanamide-based ILs exhibited spontaneous combustion upon contact with 100 % HNO3. The densities of these hypergolic ILs varied in the range 1.11–1.29 g cm?3, and the density-specific impulse, predicted based on Gaussian 09 calculations, was between 289.9 and 344.9 s g cm?3. The values of these two key physical properties are much higher than those of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH). Among the studied compounds, compound IL-3b, that is, 1-(2-azidoethyl)-1-methylpyrrolidin-1-ium dicyanamide, shows excellent integrated properties including the lowest viscosity (30.9 M Pa s), wide liquid operating range (?70 to 205 °C), shortest ignition-delay time (7 ms) with 100 % HNO3, and superior density specific impulse (302.5 s g cm?3), suggesting promising applications with potential as bipropellant formulations.
- Wang, Zhenyuan,Pan, Guangxing,Wang, Binshen,Zhang, Ling,Zhao, Weiwei,Ma, Xing,Zhang, Jichuan,Zhang, Jiaheng
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p. 2122 - 2128
(2019/05/24)
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- Discovery of Novel 11-Triazole Substituted Benzofuro[3,2-b]quinolone Derivatives as c-myc G-Quadruplex Specific Stabilizers via Click Chemistry
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The specificity of nucleic acids' binders is crucial for developing this kind of drug, especially for novel G-quadruplexes' binders. Quindoline derivatives have been developed as G-quadruplex stabilizers with good interactive activities. In order to improve the selectivity and binding affinity of quindoline derivatives as c-myc G-quadruplex binding ligands, novel triazole containing benzofuroquinoline derivatives (T-BFQs) were designed and synthesized by using the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of a series of alkyne and azide building blocks. The selectivity toward c-myc G-quadruplex DNA of these novel T-BFQs was significantly improved, together with an obvious increase on binding affinity. Further cellular and in vivo experiments indicated that the T-BFQs showed inhibitory activity on tumor cells' proliferation, presumably through the down-regulation of transcription of c-myc gene. Our findings broadened the modification strategies of specific G-quadruplex stabilizers.
- Zeng, De-Ying,Kuang, Guo-Tao,Wang, Shi-Ke,Peng, Wang,Lin, Shu-Ling,Zhang, Qi,Su, Xiao-Xuan,Hu, Ming-Hao,Wang, Honggen,Tan, Jia-Heng,Huang, Zhi-Shu,Gu, Lian-Quan,Ou, Tian-Miao
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supporting information
p. 5407 - 5423
(2017/07/22)
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- 'Click chemistry' synthesis of novel natural product-like caged xanthones bearing a 1,2,3-triazole moiety with improved druglike properties as orally active antitumor agents
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DDO-6101, a natural-product-like caged xanthone discovered previously in our laboratory based on the pharmacophoric scaffold of the Garcinia natural product gambogic acid (GA), shows potent cytotoxicity in vitro, but poor efficacy in vivo due to its poor druglike properties. In order to improve the druglike properties and in vivo antitumor potency, a novel series of ten triazole-bearing caged xanthone derivatives of DDO-6101 has been efficiently synthesized by 'click chemistry' and evaluated for their in vitro antitumor activity and druglike properties. Most of the target compounds have sustained cytotoxicity against A549, HepG2, HCT116, and U2OS cancer cells and possess improved aqueous solubility, as well as permeability. Notably, these caged xanthones are also active towards taxol-resistant or cisplatin-resistant A549 cancer cells. Taking both the in vitro activities and druglike properties into consideration, compound 8g has been advanced into in vivo efficacy experiments. The results reveal that 8g (named as DDO-6318), both by intravenous or per os administration, are much more potent than the lead DDO-6101 in A549-transplanted mice models and it could be a promising antitumor candidate for further evaluation.
- Li, Xiang,Wu, Yue,Wang, Yanyan,You, Qidong,Zhang, Xiaojin
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- Small Molecule Microarray Based Discovery of PARP14 Inhibitors
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Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) are key enzymes in a variety of cellular processes. Most small-molecule PARP inhibitors developed to date have been against PARP1, and suffer from poor selectivity. PARP14 has recently emerged as a potential therapeutic target, but its inhibitor development has trailed behind. Herein, we describe a small molecule microarray-based strategy for high-throughput synthesis, screening of >1000 potential bidentate inhibitors of PARPs, and the successful discovery of a potent PARP14 inhibitor H10 with >20-fold selectivity over PARP1. Co-crystallization of the PARP14/H10 complex indicated H10 bound to both the nicotinamide and the adenine subsites. Further structure–activity relationship studies identified important binding elements in the adenine subsite. In tumor cells, H10 was able to chemically knockdown endogenous PARP14 activities.
- Peng, Bo,Thorsell, Ann-Gerd,Karlberg, Tobias,Schüler, Herwig,Yao, Shao Q.
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supporting information
p. 248 - 253
(2016/12/30)
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- Fused Bicyclic Caspase-1 Inhibitors Assembled by Copper-Free Strain-Promoted Alkyne–Azide Cycloaddition (SPAAC)
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Challenges exist in the development of potent and selective small-molecule inhibitors against caspase-1. Herein, by making use of the copper-free strain-promoted alkyne–azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) reaction between difluorinated cyclooctynes (DIFOs) and va
- Qian, Linghui,Zhang, Chong-Jing,Wu, Ji'en,Yao, Shao Q.
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supporting information
p. 360 - 369
(2017/01/17)
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- Selectivity Optimization of Substituted 1,2,3-Triazoles as α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonists
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Three series of substituted anti-1,2,3-triazoles (IND, PPRD, and QND), synthesized by cycloaddition from azide and alkyne building blocks, were designed to enhance selectivity and potency profiles of a lead α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) agonist, TTIn-1. Designed compounds were synthesized and screened for affinity by a radioligand binding assay. Their functional characterization as agonists and antagonists was performed by fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay using cell lines expressing transfected cDNAs, α7-nAChRs, α4β2-nAChRs, and 5HT3A receptors, and a fluorescence cell reporter. In the IND series, a tropane ring of TTIn-1, substituted at N1, was replaced by mono- and bicyclic amines to vary length and conformational flexibility of a carbon linker between nitrogen atom and N1 of the triazole. Compounds with a two-carbon atom linker optimized binding with Kds at the submicromolar level. Further modification at the hydrophobic indole of TTIn-1 was made in PPRD and QND series by fixing the amine center with the highest affinity building blocks in the IND series. Compounds from IND and PPRD series are selective as agonists for the α7-nAChRs over α4β2-nAChRs and 5HT3A receptors. Lead compounds in the three series have EC50s between 28 and 260 nM. Based on the EC50, affinity, and selectivity determined from the binding and cellular responses, two of the leads have been advanced to behavioral studies described in the companion article (DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00059).
- Arunrungvichian, Kuntarat,Fokin, Valery V.,Vajragupta, Opa,Taylor, Palmer
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p. 1317 - 1330
(2015/09/01)
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- Using the same hydroxamic acid derivative and HDAC8 inhibitor (by machine translation)
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Disclosed are: a compound which is capable of inhibiting the function of HDAC8; and an HDAC8 inhibitor. Specifically disclosed is a hydroxamic acid derivative which is characterized by being composed of a compound represented by general formula (1) (wherein X represents an aromatic substituent or an optionally substituted 3-8 membered ring, and n represents an integer of 0-20), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate, solvate or prodrug thereof.
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Paragraph 0132; 0136
(2016/10/09)
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- Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of azides with isocyanides
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An efficient palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of azides with isocyanides is developed, providing a general synthetic route to unsymmetric carbodiimides with excellent yields. This method shows a broad substrate scope, including not only aryl azides, but also unactivated benzyl and alkyl azides. Furthermore, from readily available substrates, Pd-catalyzed coupling with a tandem amine insertion cascade to obtain unsymmetric trisubstituted guanidines has been achieved in a one-pot fashion.
- Zhang, Zhen,Li, Zongyang,Fu, Bin,Zhang, Zhenhua
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supporting information
p. 16312 - 16315
(2015/11/16)
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- In vitro antiplasmodial activity of triazole-linked chloroquinoline derivatives synthesized from 7-chloro-N-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)quinolin-4-amine
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The synthesis and in vitro evaluation of novel triazole-linked chloroquinoline derivatives as potential antiplasmodial agents against Plasmodium falciparum is reported. The 15 synthesized target compounds were obtained by means of a copper(I)-mediated click reaction between a variety of 1,2- and 1,3-azidoamines and 7-chloro-N-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)quinolin-4-amine in moderate to good yields (53-85%). The compounds were screened for antiplasmodial activity against NF54 chloroquine-sensitive and Dd2 chloroquine-resistant strains, alongside chloroquine and artesunate as reference compounds. Six of the test compounds revealed a 3-5 fold increase in antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine-resistant strain Dd2 compared to chloroquine. Among the six compounds with good antiplasmodial activity, a reduced cross-resistance relative to artesunate (>3 fold in comparison to chloroquine) was observed, mainly in derivatives that incorporated chloroquine-resistance reversing pharmacophores. A general trend for reduced chloroquine cross-resistance was also detected among 12 out of the 15 compounds tested.
- Taleli, Lebusetsa,De Kock, Carmen,Smith, Peter J.,Pelly, Stephen C.,Blackie, Margaret A.L.,Van Otterlo, Willem A.L.
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p. A4163 - A4171
(2015/08/03)
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- RAFAMYCIN ANALOGS AND METHODS FOR MAKING SAME
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A semi-synthetic rapamycin analog with a triazole moiety or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, is a broad-spectrum cytostatic agent and a mTOR inhibitor, and is useful in the treatment of various cancers, or tumors in organs such as kidney, liver, breast, head and neck, lung, prostate, and restenosis in coronary arteries, peripheral arteries, and arteries in the brain, immune and autoimmune diseases. Also disclosed are fungal growth-, restenosis-, post-transplant tissue rejection- and immune- and autoimmune disease-inhibiting compositions and a method of inhibiting cancer, fungal growth, restenosois, post-transplant tissue rejection, and immune and autoimmune disease in a mammal. One particular preferred application of such triazole-moiety containing rapamycin analog is in treating renal carcinoma, lung cancer, colon cancer, and breast cancers wherein potency of the drug, its half-life, tissue distribution properties, and its pharmacokinetic properties including bioavailability through oral and intravenous routes are essential to the clinical outcomes.
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Paragraph 0068
(2015/02/25)
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- Side chain impacts on pH- and thermo-responsiveness of tertiary amine functionalized polypeptides
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The systemic investigation of the structural impacts of side chains on the pH- and thermo-responsiveness of tertiary amine functionalized poly(l-glutamate)s (TA-PGs) was carried out. The TA-PGs polymers were effectively synthesized by Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition click reaction of azido tertiary amines with poly(γ-propargyl-l-glutamate) (PPLG). Turbimetric measurements were performed to characterize the pH- and temperature-induced phase transition of TA-PGs in aqueous solution, which suggested a structural dependence of the properties on the N-substituted groups and the "linkers" between 1,2,3-triazole ring and the tertiary amine groups in the side chains. In detail, the pH responsive properties of TA-PGs were basically determined by the hydrophobicity of the N-substituted groups in the side chains and the pH transition point (pHt) decreased as the increasing hydrophobicity of the N-substituted groups, while the temperature-responsiveness of TA-PGs were affected by either the N-substituted groups or the "linkers." TA-PGs with a moderate N-substituted amine group (e.g., DEA, PR, and PD) or a branched "linker" (e.g., iso-propylene and 2-methylpropylene group) were more likely to express the LCST-type phase transition tuned by pH variation. These structure-property relationships revealed in this study would help to develop the applications of TA-PGs in smart drug delivery systems. Copyright
- Xiao, Chunsheng,Cheng, Yilong,Zhang, Yu,Ding, Jianxun,He, Chaoliang,Zhuang, Xiuli,Chen, Xuesi
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p. 671 - 679
(2014/02/14)
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- Synthesis and characterization of 1H-phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole derivatives as multifunctional agents for treatment of Alzheimer's disease
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Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative brain disorder that is characterized by dementia, cognitive impairment, and memory loss. Diverse factors are related to the development of AD, such as increased level of β-amyloid (Aβ), acetylcholine, metal ion deregulation, hyperphosphorylated tau protein, and oxidative stress. Methods The following methods were used: organic syntheses of 1H-phenanthro[9,10-d] imidazole derivatives, inhibition of self-mediated and metal-induced Aβ1-42 aggregation, inhibition studies for acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase, anti-oxidation activity studies, CD, MTT assay, transmission electron microscopy, dot plot assay, gel electrophoresis, Western blot, and molecular docking studies. Results We synthesized and characterized a new type of 1H-phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole derivatives as multifunctional agents for AD treatment. Our results showed that most of these derivatives exhibited strong Aβ aggregation inhibitory activity. Compound 9g had 74% Aβ1-42 aggregation inhibitory effect at 10 μM concentration with its IC50 value of 6.5 μM for self-induced Aβ1-42 aggregation. This compound also showed good inhibition of metal-mediated (Cu2 + and Fe2 +) and acetylcholinesterase-induced Aβ1-42 aggregation, as indicated by using thioflavin T assay, transmission electron microscopy, gel electrophoresis, and Western blot. Besides, compound 9g exhibited cholinesterase inhibitory activity, with its IC50 values of 0.86 μM and 0.51 μM for acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase, respectively. In addition, compound 9g showed good anti-oxidation effect with oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) value of 2.29. Conclusions Compound 9g was found to be a potent multi-target-directed agent for Alzheimer's disease. General significance Compound 9g could become a lead compound for further development as a multi-target-directed agent for AD treatment.
- Liu, Jinggong,Qiu, Jun,Wang, Mingxue,Wang, Ling,Su, Lijuan,Gao, Jinbo,Gu, Qiong,Xu, Jun,Huang, Shi-Liang,Gu, Lian-Quan,Huang, Zhi-Shu,Li, Ding
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p. 2886 - 2903
(2014/07/21)
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- RAFAMYCIN ANALOGS AND METHODS FOR MAKING SAME
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A semi-synthetic rapamycin analog with a triazole moiety or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, is a broad-spectrum cytostatic agent and a m TOR inhibitor, and is useful in the treatment of various cancers, or tumors in organs such as kidney, liver, breast, head and neck, lung, prostate, and restenosis in coronary arteries, peripheral arteries, and arteries in the brain, immune and autoimmune diseases. Also disclosed are fungal growth-, restenosis-, post- transplant tissue rejection- and immune- and autoimmune disease- inhibiting compositions and a method of inhibiting cancer, fungal growth, restenosois, post-transplant tissue rejection, and immune and autoimmune disease in a mammal. One particular preferred application of such triazole-moiety containing rapamycin analog is in treating renal carcinoma, lung cancer, colon cancer, and breast cancers wherein potency of the drug, its half-life, tissue distribution properties, and its pharmacokinetic properties including bioavailability through oral and intravenous routes are essential to the clinical outcomes.
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Paragraph 36
(2014/06/23)
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- Rapid discovery of highly potent and selective inhibitors of histone deacetylase 8 using click chemistry to generate candidate libraries
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To find HDAC8-selective inhibitors, we designed a library of HDAC inhibitor candidates, each containing a zinc-binding group that coordinates with the active-site zinc ion, linked via a triazole moiety to a capping structure that interacts with residues on the rim of the active site. These compounds were synthesized by using click chemistry. Screening identified HDAC8-selective inhibitors including C149 (IC50 = 0.070 μM), which was more potent than PCI-34058 (6) (IC50 = 0.31 μM), a known HDAC8 inhibitor. Molecular modeling suggested that the phenylthiomethyl group of C149 binds to a unique hydrophobic pocket of HDAC8, and the orientation of the phenylthiomethyl and hydroxamate moieties (fixed by the triazole moiety) is important for the potency and selectivity. The inhibitors caused selective acetylation of cohesin in cells and exerted growth-inhibitory effects on T-cell lymphoma and neuroblastoma cells (GI50 = 3-80 μM). These findings suggest that HDAC8-selective inhibitors have potential as anticancer agents.
- Suzuki, Takayoshi,Ota, Yosuke,Ri, Masaki,Bando, Masashige,Gotoh, Aogu,Itoh, Yukihiro,Tsumoto, Hiroki,Tatum, Prima R.,Mizukami, Tamio,Nakagawa, Hidehiko,Iida, Shinsuke,Ueda, Ryuzo,Shirahige, Katsuhiko,Miyata, Naoki
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p. 9562 - 9575
(2013/01/16)
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