- Synthesis and spectra characteristics of novel 3-(para-Bromophenyl)-7- (substituted vinyl) coumarins
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Five new coumarin derivatives (5a-5e) with extending para-bromophenyl at the 3-position and substituted vinyl at the 7-position were synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, and element analysis. The absorption and fluorescence character
- Wang, Lingyun,Zou, Hanxun,Ye, Decheng,Cao, Derong
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Read Online
- Total synthesis of the proposed structure of Anti-TMV active tabasesquiterpene A
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The proposed structure of Tabasesquiterpene A, an illudalane type of sesquiterpene has been synthesized in twelve steps from 2-methoxy-4-methylbenzaldehyde in 40% overall yield. Triflic acid mediated intramolecular Freidel-Crafts acylation allows to develop the critical indanone moiety, a key intermediate of this synthesis. A careful ortho-selective formylation and subsequent Knoevenagel condensation to incorporate three carbon side chain, followed by reduction, formation of tricyclic lactone and DIBAL-H supported reduction of lactone to target were other key transformation involved. The NMR spectroscopic data of the synthetic sample differ from those of natural tabasesquiterpene A.
- Kumari, Anusueya,Suresh, Muthiah,Singh, Raj Bahadur
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- NOVEL SIRT 1 ACTIVATOR AND MEDICINAL USE THEREOF
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The present invention relates to a SIRT 1 activator and medical use thereof and in the present invention, a novel SIRT 1 activator compound based on benzo[d]furan or a benzo[d]oxazole backbone, a crystalline form thereof, a hydrate thereof, or a salt thereof was prepared, and that the compound has obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia improvement effect, fatty liver improvement effect, cell aging protection, oxidative stress protection and yeast life extension effect, collagen synthesis and wrinkle improvement effect, was confirmed. Therefore, the novel SIRT 1 activator compound having the above-mentioned effect is usefully used as a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating metabolic diseases including obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, etc., or liver diseases including alcoholic or non-alcoholic fatty liver, fatty hepatitis, etc., a cosmetic composition for preventing or improving wrinkles, a health food composition for improving cell aging or extending lifespan, and the like.
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Paragraph 0043-0045
(2020/03/13)
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- Directed Hydroxylation of sp2 and sp3 C-H Bonds Using Stoichiometric Amounts of Cu and H2O2
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The use of copper for C-H bond functionalization, compared to other metals, is relatively unexplored. Herein, we report a synthetic protocol for the regioselective hydroxylation of sp2 and sp3 C-H bonds using a directing group, stoichiometric amounts of Cu and H2O2. A wide array of aromatic ketones and aldehydes are oxidized in the carbonyl γ-position with remarkable yields. We also expanded this methodology to hydroxylate the β-position of alkylic ketones. Spectroscopic characterization, kinetics, and density functional theory calculations point toward the involvement of a mononuclear LCuII(OOH) species, which oxidizes the aromatic sp2 C-H bonds via a concerted heterolytic O-O bond cleavage with concomitant electrophilic attack on the arene system.
- Trammell, Rachel,D'Amore, Lorenzo,Cordova, Alexandra,Polunin, Pavel,Xie, Nan,Siegler, Maxime A.,Belanzoni, Paola,Swart, Marcel,Garcia-Bosch, Isaac
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supporting information
p. 7584 - 7592
(2019/06/11)
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- Phosphine-Catalyzed [3+2] Annulation of β-Sulfonamido-Substituted Enones with Sulfamate-Derived Cyclic Imines
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Phosphine-catalyzed [3+2] annulation of β-sulfonamido-substituted enones and sulfamate-derived cyclic imines has been developed, giving a series of imidazoline derivatives in moderate to excellent yields with good to excellent diastereoselectivities. A scale-up reaction worked well under mild reaction conditions. A possible mechanism was proposed on the basis of the results obtained.
- Shi, Wangyu,Zhou, Leijie,Mao, Biming,Wang, Qijun,Wang, Chang,Zhang, Cheng,Li, Xuefeng,Xiao, Yumei,Guo, Hongchao
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supporting information
p. 679 - 685
(2019/01/24)
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- MgBr2 supported on Fe3O4@SiO2?~?urea nanoparticle: An efficient catalyst for ortho-formylation of phenols and oxidation of benzylic alcohols
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Urea was successfully immobilized on the surface of chloropropyl-modified Fe3O4@SiO2 core–shell magnetic nanoparticles, then supported by MgBr2 and acts as a unique catalyst for oxidation of benzylic alcohols to aldehydes and ketones, and ortho-formylation of phenols to salicylaldehydes. The prepared catalyst was characterized by FT-IR, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, CHN and TGA. It was found that Fe3O4@SiO2?~?urea/MgBr2 showed higher catalytic activity than homogenous MgBr2, and could be reused several times without significant loss of activity.
- Soleimani, Ebrahim,Yaesoobi, Nadieh,Ghasempour, Hamid Reza
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- Catalytic Transformations of Alkynes into either α-Alkoxy or α-Aryl Enolates: Mannich Reactions by Cooperative Catalysis and Evidence for Nucleophile-Directed Chemoselectivity
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The catalytic formation of gold enolates from alkynes, nitrones, and nucleophiles is described, and their Mannich reactions result in nucleophile-directed chemoselectivity through cooperative catalysis. For 1-alkyn-4-ols and 2-ethynylphenols, their gold-catalyzed nitrone oxidations afforded N-containing dihydrofuran-3(2H)-ones with syn selectivity. The mechanism involves the Mannich reactions of gold enolates with imines through an O-H-N hydrogen-bonding motif. For aryloxyethynes, their gold enolates react selectively with nitrones to deliver 3-alkylidenebenzofuran-2-ones, as controlled by a C-H-O hydrogen-bonding motif.
- Sahani, Rajkumar Lalji,Patil, Manoj D.,Wagh, Sachin Bhausaheb,Liu, Rai-Shung
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supporting information
p. 14878 - 14882
(2018/10/15)
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- Efficient microwave-assisted regioselective one pot direct: Ortho -formylation of phenol derivatives in the presence of nanocrystalline MgO as a solid base catalyst under solvent-free conditions
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In this research, at first nanocrystalline MgO was prepared and then the solvent-free reactions of phenol derivatives with paraformaldehyde in the presence of the obtained nanocrystalline MgO as a new catalyst under microwave irradiation were investigated. In this reaction, ortho-hydroxyaromatic aldehydes were yielded as products. This method seems to be comparable with other reported methods due to its high yield and regioselectivity. The significant features of this method are short reaction times, high yields, and easy and quick isolation of the products.
- Naeimi, Hossein,Zakerzadeh, Elham
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p. 4590 - 4595
(2018/03/21)
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- Enantioselective Construction of Tetrahydroquinazoline Motifs via Palladium-Catalyzed [4 + 2] Cycloaddition of Vinyl Benzoxazinones with Sulfamate-Derived Cyclic Imines
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A palladium-catalyzed enantioselective [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of vinyl benzoxazinones with sulfamate-derived cyclic imines is described, affording the tetrahydroquinazolines bearing several functional rings in high yields (up to 99% yield) with good to excellent diastereoselectivities and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 96% ee). This reaction represents the first Pd-catalyzed asymmetric decarboxylative cycloaddition of vinyl benzoxazinones with imines.
- Wang, Chang,Li, Yan,Wu, Yang,Wang, Qijun,Shi, Wangyu,Yuan, Chunhao,Zhou, Leijie,Xiao, Yumei,Guo, Hongchao
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supporting information
p. 2880 - 2883
(2018/05/29)
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- Efficient synthesis of chiral benzofuryl β-amino alcohols via a catalytic asymmetric Henry reaction
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Chiral β-amino alcohol ligands were found effective for the copper(ii)-catalyzed asymmetric Henry reaction of benzofuran-2-carbaldehydes with nitromethane, which led to the formation of (S)-enriched benzofuryl β-nitro alcohols with satisfactory enantioselectivities (up to 98% ee). Using this catalytic protocol, bioactive (S)-benzofuryl β-amino alcohols could be conveniently prepared in short steps.
- Chen, Wei,Zhou, Zhao-Hui,Chen, Hong-Bin
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supporting information
p. 1530 - 1536
(2017/02/15)
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- The Wender Cedrene Synthesis Revisited: A Catalytic Enantioselective Entry to the Chiral Key Intermediate
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The seminal synthesis of the sesquiterpene (±)-α-cedrene reported by Wender in 1981 offers a uniquely short and elegant access to the bridged-tricyclic target compound by exploiting an intramolecular arene-olefin photocycloaddition. However, the synthesis was performed only in the racemic series so far. This synthesis was now re-investigated and the catalytic methods for the enantioselective preparation of the chiral key intermediate were evaluated. It was found that Cu-catalyzed allylic substitution of a cinnamyl chloride with MeMgBr in the presence of a Taddol-derived chiral phosphine-phosphite ligand affords the corresponding (1-methylallyl)arene with high enantioselectivity (94% ee). Hydroboration and subsequent Suzuki coupling gave (R)-curcuphenol methyl ether from which (-)-α-cedrene was prepared along the route paved by Wender.
- Westphal, Julia,Schumacher, Christian Eric,Schmalz, Hans-Günther
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- Enantioselective Synthesis of 6,6-Disubstituted Pentafulvenes Containing a Chiral Pendant Hydroxy Group
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Simple enantioselective synthesis of 6,6-disubstituted pentafulvenes bearing chiral pendant hydroxy groups are attained by cascade reactivity using commercially available proline-based organocatalysts. Condensation of cyclopentadiene with the acetyl function of a 1,2-formylacetophenone, followed by cyclization of a resulting fulvene-stabilized carbanion with the formyl group, generates bicyclic chiral alcohols with initial er values up to 94:6. Exceptional enantio-enrichment of the resultant alcohols results upon crystallization—even near racemic samples spontaneously de-racemize. This enables new families of substituted cyclopentadienes that are both enantiomerically and diastereomerically pure to be rapidly attained.
- Nouch, Ryan,Cini, Melchior,Magre, Marc,Abid, Mohammed,Diéguez, Montserrat,Pàmies, Oscar,Woodward, Simon,Lewis, William
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supporting information
p. 17195 - 17198
(2017/11/27)
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- Phosphine-Catalyzed [4 + 2] Annulation of Allenoate with Sulfamate-Derived Cyclic Imines: A Reaction Mode Involving γ′-Carbon of α-Substituted Allenoate
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A phosphine-catalyzed [4 + 2] cycloaddition of cyclic α-substituted allenoates with sulfamate-derived cyclic imines has been reported. Using dibenzylphenylphosphine as the nucleophilic catalyst, the reaction worked efficiently to yield various fused multicyclic heterocyclic compounds in high yields with excellent diastereoselectivities. It undergoes a new reaction mode involving γ′-carbon of α-substituted allenoate.
- Mao, Biming,Shi, Wangyu,Liao, Jianning,Liu, Honglei,Zhang, Cheng,Guo, Hongchao
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supporting information
p. 6340 - 6343
(2017/12/08)
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- Design and synthesis of novel Vitamin D-coumarin hybrids using microwave irradiation
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A series of novel vitamin D-coumarin hybrids were synthesised by esterification of the corresponding coumarin-3-carboxylic acids and vitamin D or vitamin D CD-ring alcohol in CH2Cl2 under microwave irradiation. They were obtained in higher yields (from 64-81% up to 79-87%) and shorter reaction time (from 3 h down to 15 min), compared with earlier conventional methodologies. The structures of all the target compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS. This provides an attractive and alternative method for the preparation of high-value vitamin D-coumarin hybrids.
- Zhang, Hengrui,Fang, Zhijie
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p. 684 - 687
(2018/01/08)
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- A theoretical study of the Duff reaction: Insights into its selectivity
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The Duff reaction is one of the most employed methods for the ortho-formylation of phenols; however, not much is truly known about its mechanism. Using DFT calculations, we disclose the first theoretical study regarding the selectivity-determining step of the reaction. We have found that this stage is governed by a hydrogen bond, that gives rise to a cyclohexa-2,4-dienone intermediate and establishes the position where the formylation will take place. These findings were evaluated by analysis of the reaction outcome of several non-symmetrically substituted phenols.
- Grimblat, Nicolás,Sarotti, Ariel M.,Kaufman, Teodoro S.,Simonetti, Sebastian O.
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p. 10496 - 10501
(2016/11/18)
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- Catalytic wet air oxidation of m-cresol over a surface-modified sewage sludge-derived carbonaceous catalyst
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Sewage sludge-derived carbonaceous materials (SW) treated with different kinds of acids were used as catalysts for catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) of m-cresol. The SW catalysts were characterized by XRF, XRD, FTIR, XPS and TPD-MS. The results showed that SW treated with HNO3 (HNO3-SW) exhibited the best catalytic activity. When the initial concentration of m-cresol was 5000 mg L-1, the conversion of m-cresol reached 99.0% with HNO3-SW after 90 min at 160 °C and 0.66 MPa oxygen. Continuous experiments were carried out for 8 d to investigate the durability and catalytic performance of HNO3-SW in CWAO reaction. Some correlation was observed between the conversion of m-cresol and the content of carboxyl groups, indicating that the carboxyl group might play a key role in determining the catalytic activity of SW catalysts in CWAO reaction. Based on the intermediate products identified by GC-MS, HPLC-MS, IC and HRMS analyses, the oxidation pathways of m-cresol in CWAO were proposed.
- Yu, Yang,Wei, Huangzhao,Yu, Li,Gu, Bin,Li, Xianru,Rong, Xin,Zhao, Ying,Chen, Lili,Sun, Chenglin
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p. 1085 - 1093
(2016/02/27)
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- Selective Aromatic Hydroxylation with Dioxygen and Simple Copper Imine Complexes
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The formation of a bis(μ-oxido)dicopper complex with the ligand 2-(diethylaminoethyl)-6-phenylpyridine (PPN) and its subsequent hydroxylation of the pendant phenyl group (studied earlier by Holland et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1999, 38, 1139-1142) has been reinvestigated to gain a better understanding of such systems in view of the development of new synthetic applications. To this end, we prepared a simple copper imine complex system that also affords selective o-hydroxylation of aromatic aldehydes by using dioxygen as the oxidant: Applying the ligand N′-benzylidene-N,N-diethylethylenediamine (BDED), salicylaldehyde was prepared in good yields and we show that this reaction also occurs through an intermediate bis-μ-oxido copper complex. The underlying reaction mechanism for the PPN-supported complex was studied at the BLYP-D/TZVP level of density functional theory and the results for representative stationary points along reaction paths of the BDED-supported complex reveal a closely related mechanistic scenario. The results demonstrate a new facile synthetic way to introduce OH groups into aromatic aldehydes.
- Becker, Jonathan,Gupta, Puneet,Angersbach, Friedrich,Tuczek, Felix,N?ther, Christian,Holthausen, Max C.,Schindler, Siegfried
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p. 11735 - 11744
(2015/08/11)
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- Formylation of electron-rich aromatic rings mediated by dichloromethyl methyl ether and TiCl4: Scope and limitations
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Here the aromatic formylation mediated by TiCl4 and dichloromethyl methyl ether previously described by our group has been explored for a wide range of aromatic rings, including phenols, methoxy- and methylbenzenes, as an excellent way to produce aromatic aldehydes. Here we determine that the regioselectivity of this process is highly promoted by the coordination between the atoms present in the aromatic moiety and those in the metal core.
- Ramos-Tomillero, Iván,Paradís-Bas, Marta,De Pinho Ribeiro Moreira, Ibério,Bofill, Josep María,Nicolás, Ernesto,Albericio, Fernando
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supporting information
p. 5409 - 5422
(2015/05/13)
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- Structure-activity relationship study of E6 as a novel necroptosis inducer
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Necroptosis inducers represent a promising potential treatment for drug-resistant cancer. We herein describe the structure modification of E6, which was identified recently as a potent and selective necroptosis inducer. The studies described herein demonstrate for the first time that functionalized biphenyl derivatives possess necroptosis inducer activity. Furthermore, these studies have led to the identification of two promising compounds (5h and 5j) that can be used for further optimization studies as well as mechanism of action investigations.
- Mou, Jianfeng,Park, Ann,Cai, Yu,Yuan, Junying,Yuan, Chengye
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supporting information
p. 3057 - 3061
(2015/06/22)
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- Aldehyde-Assisted Ruthenium(II)-Catalyzed C-H Oxygenations
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Versatile ruthenium(II) complexes allow for site-selective C-H oxygenations with weakly-coordinating aldehydes. The challenging C-H functionalizations proceed with high chemoselectivity by rate-determining C-H metalation. The new method features an ample substrate scope, which sets the stage for the step-economical preparation of various bioactive heterocycles.
- Yang, Fanzhi,Rauch, Karsten,Kettelhoit, Katharina,Ackermann, Lutz
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supporting information
p. 11285 - 11288
(2016/02/18)
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- Facile one-pot transformation of phenols into o-cyanophenols
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The treatment of phenols with paraformaldehyde in the presence of MgCl2 and Et3N in THF at 80 C, followed by reaction with molecular iodine and aq. ammonia at room temperature provided the corresponding o-cyanophenols in moderate to good yields. The present reaction is a one-pot transformation of phenols into o-cyanophenols using much less expensive reagents than are typically used; the reaction is free of both transition-metals and cyanide. The utility of this reaction was highlighted during our preparation of Febuxostat from p-bromophenol.
- Nakai, Yuhta,Moriyama, Katsuhiko,Togo, Hideo
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p. 6077 - 6083
(2015/03/30)
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- Enantioselective synthesis of multisubstituted biaryl skeleton by chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed desymmetrization/kinetic resolution sequence
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Described herein is the enantioselective synthesis of multisubstituted biaryl derivatives by chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed asymmetric bromination. Two asymmetric reactions (desymmetrization and kinetic resolution) proceeded successively to afford chiral biaryls in excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee). Both experimental and computational studies suggested that this excellent selectivity could be achieved via a highly organized hydrogen bond network among a substrate, a catalyst (chiral phosphoric acid), and a brominating reagent (N-bromophthalimide).
- Mori, Keiji,Ichikawa, Yuki,Kobayashi, Manato,Shibata, Yukihiro,Yamanaka, Masahiro,Akiyama, Takahiko
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supporting information
p. 3964 - 3970
(2013/04/24)
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- The one pot synthesis salicylaldehyde prepared by reactive grinding with derivative phenol and paraformaldehyde in absence magnesium methoxide
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The formylation phenols are mono-formylated using a mixture of paraformaldehyde, Mg(OMe)2, by reactive grinding. In all cases but one, only one regioisomer of the salicylaldehyde is obtained in good to high yield.
- Balali, Ebrahim,Shameli, Abolghasem,Naeimi, Hoseein,MehdiGhanbari, Mohammad
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p. 1611 - 1614
(2014/05/06)
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of resveratrol-coumarin hybrid compounds as potential antitumor agents
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Eighteen resveratrol-coumarin hybrid compounds (6 or 7-styryl-3- phenylcoumarin) were designed, synthesized and thirteen compounds were evaluated for their antitumor activities against MCF-7, HCT-28, and K562 tumor cell lines. Among them, compounds 2Z, 2E, 5E, and 7E showed varying degrees of growth inhibition of the above cell lines (IC50: 3.78-19.16 μmol/L). On the basis of the biological results, structure-activity relationships were obtained and discussed.
- Shen, Wei,Mao, Jianfeng,Sun, Juan,Sun, Minjie,Zhang, Can
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p. 1630 - 1640
(2013/07/26)
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- Pd(II)-catalyzed asymmetric Wacker-type cyclization for the preparation of 2-vinylchroman derivatives with biphenyl tetraoxazoline ligands
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This article describes an efficient method for the preparation of chiral chroman derivatives by the Pd(II)-catalyzed asymmetric Wacker-type cyclization using a chelation-induced axially chiral tetraoxazoline ligand. Under the optimized conditions, up to 80% yield and up to 92% ee were obtained. This is the first example to utilize o-trisubstituted 3-butenylphenols as substrates in such transformation.
- Liu, Qingchuan,Wen, Ke,Zhang, Zhenfeng,Wu, Zhengxing,Zhang, Yong Jian,Zhang, Wanbin
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experimental part
p. 5209 - 5215
(2012/08/08)
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- Modulation on C- and N-terminal moieties of a series of potent and selective linear tachykinin NK2 receptor antagonists
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Herein we describe the synthesis of a series of new potent tachykinin NK2 receptor antagonists by the modulation of the Cand N-terminal moieties of ibodutant (MEN 15596, 1). The Nterminal benzo[b]thiophene ring was replaced by different substituted naphthalenes and benzofurans, while further modifications were evaluated at the C-terminal tetrahydropyran moiety. Most compounds demonstrated a high affinity for the human NK2 receptor and high in vitro antagonist potency, indicating that a wide range of substituents at both termini can be incorporated in the molecule without detrimental effects on the interactions with the NK2 receptor. Selected compounds were tested in vivo confirming their activity as NK2 antagonists. In particular, after both iv and id administration to guinea pig, compound 61b was able to antagonize NK2-induced colonic contractions with a potency and duration-of-action fully comparable to the reference compound 1 (MEN 15596, ibodutant).
- Gensini, Martina,Altamura, Maria,Dimoulas, Tula,Fedi, Valentina,Giannotti, Danilo,Giuliani, Sandro,Guidi, Antonio,Harmat, Nicholas J. S.,Meini, Stefania,Nannicini, Rossano,Pasqui, Franco,Tramontana, Manuela,Triolo, Antonio,Maggi, Carlo Alberto
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experimental part
p. 65 - 78
(2010/11/16)
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- Phthalides by rhodium-catalyzed ketone hydroacylation
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(Chemical Equation Presented) Phthalides are biologically relevant five-membered lactones found in herbs, fruits, and vegetables. Herein we communicate the first atom-economical approach to phthalides by using enantioselective ketone hydroacylation. In the presence of Rh[(Duanphos)]X (X = NO3, OTf, OMs), various 2-ketobenzaldehydes undergo intramolecular hydroacylation to produce phthalide products in good yields and 92-98% ee's. Our study highlights the key role counterions play in controlling both reactivity and enantioselectivity. A concise asymmetric total synthesis of the celery extract (S)-(-)-3-n-butylphthalide is also presented.
- Phan, Diem H. T.,Kim, Byoungmoo,Dong, Vy M.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 15608 - 15609
(2010/01/30)
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- SUBSTITUTED TRICYCLIC PYRIDINE OR PYRIMIDINE VANILLOID RECEPTOR LIGANDS
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The present invention relates to substituted tricyclic compounds, which can be used as vanilloid receptor ligands. In particular, compounds described herein are useful for treating or preventing diseases, conditions and/or disorders modulated by vanilloid receptor-1 (VRl). Also provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating or preventing diseases, conditions and/or disorders modulated by VRl.
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Page/Page column 26
(2009/07/25)
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- Heteroaryl and benzyl amide compounds
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Compounds of formula I processes for their preparation, their use as pharmaceuticals and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them.
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Page/Page column 12
(2008/06/13)
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- The synthesis of 2-hydroxymethyl derivatives of phenols
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2-Hydroxymethylphenols have been prepared in good yield by reduction with sodium borohydride of the precursor aldehydes, obtained regiospecifically from reaction of phenols with paraformaldehyde in toluene containing stannic chloride and tri-n-butylamine. By contrast, reaction of phenols with either paraformaldehyde under anhydrous conditions or with aqueous formaldehyde results in formation of both the hydroxymethyl and the bishydroxymethyl derivatives. Cyclic acetals of the precursor aldehydes are readily accessible.
- Payne, Peter,Tyman, John H. P.,Mehet, Satinder K.,Ninagawa, Akira
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p. 402 - 405
(2007/10/03)
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- Non-metallocene compounds, method for the production thereof and use of the same for the polymerisation of olefins
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The invention relates to a method for producing special transition metal compounds, to novel transition metal compounds and to the use of the same for the polymerisation of olefins.
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- N-phenpropylcuclopentyl-substituted glutaramide derivatives as inhibitors of neutral endopeptidase
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The invention relates to compounds of formula (I) for treating for example sexual dysfunction, wherein R1 is optionally substituted C1-6alkyl, optionally substituted carbocyclyl, optionally substituted heterocyclyl, hydrogen, C1-6alkoxy, —NR2 R3 or —NR4SO2R5; X is the linkage —(CH2)n— or —(CH2)q—O— (wherein Y is attached to the oxygen); wherein one or more hydrogen atoms in linkage X may be replaced independently by C1-4alkoxy; hydroxy; hydroxy(C1-3alkyl); C3-7cycloalkyl; carbocyclyl; heterocyclyl; or by C1-4alkyl optionally substituted by one or more fluoro or phenyl groups; n is 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7; and q is 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6; and Y is phenyl or pyridyl, each of which may be substituted; or two R8 groups on adjacent carbon atoms together with the interconnecting carbon atoms may form a fused optionally substituted 5- or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclyic ring.
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- Convenient Method for the ortho-Formylation of Phenols
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Phenolic derivatives are formylated selectively ortho to the hydroxy group by paraformaldehyde with magnesium dichloride-triethylamine as base. With alkyl-substituted phenols excellent yields of the corresponding salicylaldehyde derivatives were obtained. Similar results were obtained with chloro-substituted phenols and with 3- and 4-methoxyphenol, while 2-methoxyphenol was unreactive. A good yield of methyl 3-formyl-4-hydroxybenzoate was obtained by this method as well, but generally phenols with electron-attracting groups reacted sluggishly; the long reaction times required caused the formation of by-products, particularly MOM-derivatives of the phenols.
- Hofslokken, Nini U.,Skattebol, Lars
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p. 258 - 262
(2007/10/03)
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- Magnesium-mediated ortho-Specific Formylation and Formaldoximation of Phenols
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Deprotonation of phenols using magnesium methoxide, followed by distillative removal of free methanol and addition of paraformaldehyde results in ortho-specific magnesium mediated formylation to give the corresponding salicyladehyde magnesium salts, from which the salicylaldehydes can be isolated by acidic work-up.Addition of aq. hydroxylamine sulfate to the salicylaldehyde magnesium salt, in place of the acid work-up, gives the corresponding salicylaldoximes.
- Aldred, Robert,Johnston, Robert,Levin, Daniel,Neilan, James
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p. 1823 - 1832
(2007/10/02)
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- A modified synthesis of O-hydroxyaryl aldehydes
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A modified method for the synthesis of o-hydroxyaryl aldehydes in moderate yields has been developed by treating aryloxymagnesium bromides with formaldehyde using triethylamine in place of hexamethylphosphoric triamide (HMPA).
- Wang,You,Meng,Mintz,Bu
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p. 1757 - 1760
(2007/10/02)
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- Herbicical 2-[(4-heterocyclic-phenoxymethyl)phenoxy]-alkanoates
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Herbicidal compounds, compositions containing them, and a method for controlling weeds by application of the compositions are disclosed. The herbicidal compounds are 2-[(4-heterocyclic(phenoxymethyl)phenoxy]alkanoates of the formula STR1 in which A is a derivative of an alkanoate bonded to the phenoxy oxygen at the alpha carbon, and Q is 4-difluoromethyl-4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-5(1H)-on-1-yl, 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimid-1-yl, 1-(1-methylethyl)imidazolidin-2,4-dion-3-yl, 1,4-dihydro-4-(3-fluoropropyl)-5H-tetrazol-5-on-1-yl, 3-chloro-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindazol-2-yl, 4-methyl-1,2,4-triazine-3,5-dion-2-yl, 8-thia-1,6-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane-7-on-9-ylimino, or 1-methyl-6-trifluoromethyl-2,4-pyrimidinedione-3-yl; X is hydrogen, fluorine, or chlorine; Y is hydrogen; W is oxygen or sulfur; Z is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, lower alkyl, or methoxy; Z' is hydrogen, fluorine, or chlorine; and the group AO-- may be in the 2, 3, or 4-position of the phenyl ring.
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- Synthesis of Gerberinol-I
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The synthesis of 4-hydroxy-5-methylcoumarin (II) is described.The compound (II) affords gerberinol-I (I) on treatment with formaldehyde.The synthetic sample of I is identical (m.m.p. and co-IR) with an authentic I.
- Chatterjea, J. N.,Singh, K. R. R. P.,Jha, I. S.,Prasad, Y.,Shaw, S. C.
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p. 796 - 798
(2007/10/02)
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- Photoformylation of Phenols
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Photoformylation of phenol, o-, p- and m-cresols, p-chlorophenol, p-bromophenol, p-nitrophenol and p-hydroxydiphenyl with chloroform in the presence of aq.KOH or pyridine affords the corresponding aldehydes; formyl group entering the position ortho to OH function.A plausible mechanism, different from that of well known Reimer-Tiemann, has been suggested.
- Fahmy, A. M.,Mahgoub, S. A.,Aly, M. M.,Badr, M. Z. A.
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p. 474 - 475
(2007/10/02)
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- Selective Reactions between Phenols and Formaldehyde. A Novel Route to Salicylaldehydes
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Treatment of phenols (1) with 2 mol equiv. of paraformaldehyde in aprotic and poorly electron-donating solvents in the presence of selected metal halides coupled with suitable bases produces salicylaldehydes (3) in high yields.The route is highly selective for ortho-formylation and also specific towards monoformylation.The crucial role of added bases is emphasized.
- Casiraghi, Giovanni,Casnati, Giuseppe,Puglia, Giuseppe,Sartori, Giovanni,Terenghi, Giuliana
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p. 1862 - 1865
(2007/10/02)
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