7003-56-7

Electrolyte materials are the key components in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) and are very crucial to the performance and long-term stability of DSCs. We developed a series of diamide derivatives as novel low molecular mass organogelators (LMOGs) for DSCs. These LMOGs contain different numbers (2, 6, 5 and 9) of methylene groups (-CH2-) between the two amide carbonyl groups and exhibit distinctive self-assembly behaviors. The gel electrolytes prepared by these LMOGs possess high gel-to-solution transition temperatures (over 100 °C) and the stability of DSCs is largely enhanced. More importantly, the parity of the number of -CH2- and their special molecular arrangements have a remarkable influence on the self-assembly of the gelators resulting in a significantly different morphology, and further influence the photovoltaic performances of DSCs. It is found that the LMOGs containing odd-numbered -CH2- lead to a much better charge transport of the gel electrolytes, inducing a longer electron lifetime and higher incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency compared with the LMOGs containing even-numbered -CH2-. Finally, a superior quasi-solid-state DSC based on the gelator containing five -CH2- is obtained, which exhibits a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 7.53% and excellent thermal and light-soaking stabilities during accelerated aging tests.

The invention discloses bicyclo-imidazoline laurate. The bicyclo-imidazoline laurate has a symmetrical molecular structure, comprises two imidazoline heterocycles and two alkyl long chains of lauric acid, and thus, plenty and dense electronic clouds and good hydrophobicity can be provided. The invention further discloses a bicyclo-imidazoline laurate synthesis method, which is low in raw materialcost and high in reaction yield and can achieve industrial production. The invention further discloses an application of the bicyclo-imidazoline laurate. The electrotransport type cationic bicyclo-imidazoline laurate is obtained through activating bicyclo-imidazoline laurate and is applied to the rusting prevention of reinforced concrete.

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Brief heating of ethane-1,2- and propane-1,3-bis-fatty amides at 235-250 deg C with phenyl phosphorodiamidate gave routes to high yields of 2-fatty alkyl-4,5-dihydroimidazoles and 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidines.Ready interconversions of fatty dihydroimidazoles and tetrahydropyrimidines, involving diamine exchange with solvent, were observed on brief heating of these materials in ethylenediamine and trimethylenediamine as solvents.