- Synthesis and optimization of new 3,6-disubstitutedindole derivatives and their evaluation as anticancer agents targeting the MDM2/MDMx complex
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Twelve derivatives of the general formula 3-substituted-6-chloroindoles were synthesized and tested for their growth inhibitory effects versus p53+/+ colorectal cancer HCT116 and its p53 knockout isogenic cells; colorectal cancer cell p53-
- Rezk, Mohamed Salah,Abdel-Halim, Mohammad,Keeton, Adam,Franklin, Derek,Bauer, Matthias,Boeckler, Frank Michael,Engel, Matthias,Hartmann, Rolf Wolfgang,Zhang, Yanping,Piazza, Gary Anthony,Abadi, Ashraf Hassan
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Read Online
- Triphenylphosphine/1,2-Diiodoethane-Promoted Formylation of Indoles with N, N -Dimethylformamide
-
Despite intensive studies on the synthesis of 3-formylindoles, it is still highly desirable to develop efficient methods for the formylation of indoles, due to the shortcomings of the reported methods, such as inconvenient operations and/or harsh reaction conditions. Here, we describe a Ph3P/ICH2CH2I-promoted formylation of indoles with DMF under mild conditions. A Vilsmeier-type intermediate is readily formed from DMF promoted by the Ph3P/ICH2CH2I system. A onestep formylation process can be applied to various electron-rich indoles, but a hydrolysis needs to be carried out as a second step in the case of electron-deficient indoles. Convenient operations make this protocol attractive.
- Zhu, Yu-Rong,Lin, Jin-Hong,Xiao, Ji-Chang
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supporting information
p. 259 - 263
(2021/11/22)
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- Structural Rigidification of N-Aryl-pyrroles into Indoles Active against Intracellular and Drug-Resistant Mycobacteria
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A series of indolyl-3-methyleneamines incorporating lipophilic side chains were designed through a structural rigidification approach and synthesized for investigation as new chemical entities against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The screening led to the identification of a 6-chloroindole analogue 7j bearing an N-octyl chain and a cycloheptyl moiety, which displayed potent in vitro activity against laboratory and clinical Mtb strains, including a pre-extensively drug-resistant (pre-XDR) isolate. 7j also demonstrated a marked ability to restrict the intracellular growth of Mtb in murine macrophages. Further assays geared toward mechanism of action elucidation have thus far ruled out the involvement of various known promiscuous targets, thereby suggesting that the new indole 7j may inhibit Mtb via a unique mechanism.
- Semenya, Dorothy,Touitou, Meir,Ribeiro, Camila Maringolo,Pavan, Fernando Rogerio,Pisano, Luca,Singh, Vinayak,Chibale, Kelly,Bano, Georg,Toscani, Anita,Manetti, Fabrizio,Gianibbi, Beatrice,Castagnolo, Daniele
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supporting information
p. 63 - 69
(2021/12/17)
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- Molecular iodine mediated oxidative cleavage of the C-N bond of aryl and heteroaryl (dimethylamino)methyl groups into aldehydes
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The oxidative cleavage of the C-N bond of aryl and heteroaryl (dimethylamino)methyl groups is achieved by employing molecular iodine as a mild oxidizing agent under ambient conditions in the presence of a mild base. The important reaction of C3 formylation of free NH and substituted indoles containing various substituents is accomplished from the corresponding Mannich bases. This methodology can also be extended for the synthesis of aryl and other heteroaryl aldehydes and ketones. Furthermore, the usefulness of the method is successfully demonstrated on a gram scale.
- Mandrekar, Ketan S.,Tilve, Santosh G.
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supporting information
p. 4152 - 4155
(2021/03/15)
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- Cu-Catalyzed Dimerization of Indole Derived Oxime Acetate for Synthesis of Biimidazo[1,2- a]indoles
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A copper-mediated cyclization and dimerization of indole derived oxime acetate was developed to generate a series of biimidazo[1,2-a]indole scaffolds with two contiguous stereogenic quaternary carbons in one step.
- Xie, Tao,Sui, Qi-Bang,Qin, Lu-Zhe,Wen, Xiaoan,Sun, Hongbin,Xu, Qing-Long,Zhen, Le
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supporting information
p. 5518 - 5529
(2021/05/04)
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- Novel chalcone-conjugated, multi-flexible end-group coumarin thiazole hybrids as potential antibacterial repressors against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
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The increasing resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to antibiotics has led to a growing effort to design and synthesize novel structural candidates of chalcone-conjugated, multi-flexible end-group coumarin thiazole hybrids with
- Hu, Yuanyuan,Hu, Chunfang,Pan, Guangxing,Yu, Congwei,Ansari, Mohammad Fawad,Yadav Bheemanaboina, Rammohan R.,Cheng, Yu,Zhou, Chenghe,Zhang, Jiaheng
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- N-skatyltryptamines-dual 5-ht6r/d2r ligands with antipsychotic and procognitive potential
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A series of N-skatyltryptamines was synthesized and their affinities for serotonin and dopamine receptors were determined. Compounds exhibited activity toward 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, 5-HT6, and D2 receptors. Substitution patterns resulting in affinity/activity switches were identified and studied using homology modeling. Chosen hits were screened to determine their metabolism, permeability, hepatotoxicity, and CYP inhibition. Several D2 receptor antagonists with additional 5-HT6R antagonist and agonist properties were identified. The former combination resembled known antipsychotic agents, while the latter was particularly interesting due to the fact that it has not been studied before. Selective 5-HT6R antagonists have been shown previously to produce procognitive and promnesic effects in several rodent models. Administration of 5-HT6R agonists was more ambiguous-in naive animals, it did not alter memory or produce slight amnesic effects, while in rodent models of memory impairment, they ameliorated the condition just like antagonists. Using the identified hit compounds 15 and 18, we tried to sort out the difference between ligands exhibiting the D2R antagonist function combined with 5-HT6R agonism, and mixed D2/5-HT6R antagonists in murine models of psychosis.
- Bojarski, Andrzej J.,Bugno, Ryszard,Cie?lik, Paulina,Duszyńska, Beata,Handzlik, Jadwiga,Hogendorf, Adam S.,Hogendorf, Agata,Kaczorowska, Katarzyna,Kurczab, Rafa?,Latacz, Gniewomir,Lenda, Tomasz,Sata?a, Grzegorz,Staroń, Jakub,Szewczyk, Bernadeta
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- Access to Polycyclic Thienoindolines via Formal [2+2+1] Cyclization of Alkynyl Indoles with S8and K2S
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The syntheses of polycyclic thienoindolines bearing a dihydrothiophene or tetrahydrothiophene subunit have not been reported, despite the fact that such compounds may have interesting medicinal properties. Herein, we report a protocol for accessing polycyclic dihydrothiophenes by means of formal [2+2+1] intramolecular dearomatizing cyclization of alkynyl indoles with K2S and S8 as the sources of sulfide. In addition, tetrahydrothienoindolines were stereoselectively synthesized via a one-pot, two-step protocol involving AgNO3-catalyzed alkenyl dearomatization followed by two nucleophilic addition reactions involving K2S.
- Ma, Jinhui,Luo, Jiajun,Jiang, Kai,Zhang, Guangwen,Liu, Shubin,Yin, Biaolin
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supporting information
p. 8033 - 8038
(2021/10/25)
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- PEPTIDOMIMETIC MACROCYCLES AND USES THEREOF
-
The present disclosure describes the synthesis of peptidomimetic macrocycles and methods of using peptidomimetic macrocycles to treat a condition. The present disclosure also describes methods of using peptidomimetic macrocycles in combination with at least one additional pharmaceutically-active agent for the treatment of a condition, for example, cancer.
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Paragraph 0448
(2020/02/17)
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- PEPTIDOMIMETIC MACROCYCLES AND USES THEREOF
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The present disclosure describes methods of using peptidomimetic macrocycles in combination with an additional therapy to treat a condition, for example, cancer. In some embodiments, the peptidomimetic macrocycle can mitigate a side effect (e.g., mucositis, neutropenia, or thrombocytopenia) of the additional therapy.
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Paragraph 0371
(2020/10/09)
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- Anti-cancer indole alkaloid compound, preparation method and application thereof
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The invention relates to an anti-cancer compound, which is an indole alkaloid series compound and has a general formula (I). Indole alkaloids have a very good inhibitory effect on multiple solid tumors, such as human breast cancer cells, and further have an inhibitory effect on tumor growth. The compound has an inhibitory effect on the growth of cancer cells, but has no inhibitory effect on the growth of normal cells. The compound can be used alone or in combination with other drugs.
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Paragraph 0039-0042; 0055-0058
(2019/06/30)
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- Potassium-ion competitive acid blocker containing indole structure and preparation method and application of potassium-ion competitive acid blocker
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The invention discloses an indole derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and particularly relates to a compound containing a 1-sulfonyl-3-alkylamino methyl indole structure. The compound is shown as a formula I. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the indole derivative and application of the indole derivative in preparation of a potassium-ion competitive acid blocker or a drug for treating acid-related diseases. The preparation method has the advantages of being simple and high in yield and reproducibility.
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Paragraph 0102; 0104-0106
(2019/07/08)
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of pyridine-chalcone derivatives as novel microtubule-destabilizing agents
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Further optimization of the trimethoxyphenyl scaffold of parent chalcone compound (2a) by introducing a pyridine ring afforded a series of novel pyridine-chalcone derivatives as potential anti-tubulin agents. All the target compounds were evaluated for their antiproliferative activities. Among them, representative compound 16f exhibited the most potent activity with the IC50 values ranging from 0.023 to 0.045 μM against a panel of cancer cell lines. Further mechanism study results demonstrated that compound 16f effectively inhibited the microtubule polymerization by binding to the colchicine site of tubulin. Moreover, cellular mechanism studies disclosed that 16f caused G2/M phase arrest, induced cell apoptosis and disrupted the intracellular microtubule network. Also, 16f reduced the cell migration and disrupted the capillary-like tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Importantly, 16f significantly inhibited tumor growth in H22 xenograft models without apparent toxicity, which was stronger than the reference compound CA-4, indicating that it is worthy to investigate 16f as a potent microtubule-destabilizing agent for cancer therapy.
- Xu, Feijie,Li, Wenlong,Shuai, Wen,Yang, Limei,Bi, Yi,Ma, Cong,Yao, Hequan,Xu, Shengtao,Zhu, Zheying,Xu, Jinyi
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- Discovery and synthesis of novel indole derivatives-containing 3-methylenedihydrofuran-2(3H)-one as irreversible LSD1 inhibitors
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Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), demethylase against mono- and di - methylated histone3 lysine 4, has emerged as a promising target in oncology. More specifically, it has been demonstrated as a key promoter in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and several LSD1 inhibitors have already entered into clinical trials for the treatment of AML. In this paper, a series of new indole derivatives were designed and synthesized based on a lead compound obtained by a high-throughput screening with our in-house compound library. Among the synthetic compounds, 9e was characterized as a potent LSD1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.230 μM and can inhibit the proliferation of THP-1 cells effectively. And most importantly, this is the first irreversible LSD1 inhibitor that is not derived from monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Hence, the discovery of 9e may serve as a proof of concept work for AML treatment.
- Liu, Hong-Min,Suo, Feng-Zhi,Li, Xiao-Bo,You, Ying-Hua,Lv, Chun-Tao,Zheng, Chen-Xing,Zhang, Guo-Chen,Liu, Yue-Jiao,Kang, Wen-Ting,Zheng, Yi-Chao,Xu, Hai-Wei
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p. 357 - 372
(2019/05/17)
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- Selective nickel-catalyzed dehydrogenative-decarboxylative formylation of indoles with glyoxylic acid
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Herein we present a new strategy for the dehydrogenative-decarboxylative coupling of indoles with glyoxylic acid. A broad range of indoles were transformed into the corresponding 3-formylindoles in moderate to good yields and excellent functional group tolerance. Notably, no N-formylation product was detected under our conditions.
- Yin, Zhiping,Wang, Zechao,Wu, Xiao-Feng
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supporting information
p. 3707 - 3710
(2018/05/31)
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- Highly diastereoselective oxa-[3+3] cyclization with C,N-cyclic azomethine imines: Via the copper-catalyzed aerobic oxygenated CC bond of indoles
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Herein, a copper-catalyzed highly diastereoselective aerobic oxygenated [3+3] cyclization of 3-substituted indoles with C,N-cyclic azomethine imines using oxygen as the sole oxidant under mild conditions has been developed. This protocol provides a simple and convenient approach for constructing [2,3]-fused indoline O-heterocycles bearing two pharmaceutically intriguing parts, tetrahydroisoquinoline and indoline. Good yields and excellent diastereoselectivity under mild reaction conditions were observed.
- Yu, Lemao,Zhong, Yuan,Yu, Jicong,Gan, Lu,Cai, Zhengjun,Wang, Rui,Jiang, Xianxing
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supporting information
p. 2353 - 2356
(2018/03/09)
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- Synthesis of polycyclic spirooxindoles via an asymmetric catalytic one-pot stepwise Aldol/chloroetherification/aromatization procedure
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A general method for the synthesis of chiral pentacyclic spirooxindoles containing a tetrahydropyrano[2,3-b]indole scaffold through a one-pot stepwise sequence from 3-(3-indolomethyl)oxindole, paraformaldehyde and NCS is reported. Furthermore, the pentacyclic spirooxindoles could be transformed to bispirooxindole and other structurally diverse spirocyclic oxindoles.
- Jiang, Yan,Yu, Shuo-Wen,Yang, Yi,Liu, Ying-Le,Xu, Xiao-Ying,Zhang, Xiao-Mei,Yuan, Wei-Cheng
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supporting information
p. 6647 - 6651
(2018/09/29)
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- PEPTIDOMIMETIC MACROCYCLES AND USES THEREOF
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The present disclosure describes the synthesis of peptidomimetic macrocycles and methods of using peptidomimetic macrocycles to treat a condition. The present disclosure also describes methods of using peptidomimetic macrocycles in combination with at lea
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Paragraph 0463; 0464
(2018/12/02)
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- Revision of the Structure and Total Synthesis of Topsentin C
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An efficient synthetic approach to access (indol-3-yl)ethane-1,2-diamines with a protecting group at the indole N atom from readily available 3-(2-nitrovinyl)indoles is reported. This approach includes solvent-free conjugate addition of O-pivaloylhydroxylamines to 1-Boc-3-(2-nitrovinyl)indoles followed by mild reduction of the adducts. The obtained (indol-3-yl)ethane-1,2-diamines are convenient synthetic precursors for several classes of marine alkaloids. The first total synthesis of racemic topsentin C, a secondary metabolite from Hexadella sp., based on this approach is reported. The initially proposed structure for topsentin C has been revised.
- Golantsov, Nikita E.,Festa, Alexey A.,Varlamov, Alexey V.,Voskressensky, Leonid G.
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p. 2562 - 2562
(2017/05/22)
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- COMPANION DIAGNOSTIC TOOL FOR PEPTIDOMIMETIC MACROCYCLES
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The present invention provides diagnostic tools, systems, and methods for detecting wild type p53 and p53-associated mutations for the treatment of disease with peptidomimetic macrocycles.
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Paragraph 0355
(2017/10/13)
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- CELL PERMEABLE PEPTIDOMIMETIC MACROCYCLES
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The present invention provides peptidomimetic macrocycles and methods for selecting peptidomimetic macrocycles and methods of using such peptidomimetic macrocycles for the treatment of disease.
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Paragraph 00394
(2017/12/29)
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- HETEROCYCLIC AUTOTAXIN INHIBITOR COMPOUNDS
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Described herein are compounds that are autotaxin inhibitors, methods of making such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments comprising such compounds, and methods of using such compounds in the treatment of conditions, diseases, or disorders associated with autotaxin activity.
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Paragraph 00370
(2016/09/26)
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- AROMATIC HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN PHARMACEUTICALS
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Provided herein are novel aromatic heterocyclic compounds or a stereoisomer, a geometric isomer, a tautomer, an N-oxide, a hydrate, a solvate, a metabolite, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, and their uses for treating Alzheimer's disease. Also provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, and methods for using such compounds or pharmaceutical compositions thereof to treat Alzheimer's disease.
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Paragraph 00263; 00287
(2015/07/07)
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- VINYL AUTOTAXIN INHIBITOR COMPOUNDS
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Described herein are compounds that are autotaxin inhibitors, methods of making such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments comprising such compounds, and methods of using such compounds in the treatment of conditions, diseases, or disorders associated with autotaxin activity.
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Paragraph 00331
(2015/04/15)
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- Facile Synthesis of Carbazoles via a Tandem Iodocyclization with 1,2-Alkyl Migration and Aromatization
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A strategy for the synthesis of iodocarbazoles through a tandem iodocyclization with migration and aromatization is presented. This sequential cascade process is concisely conducted at room temperature and in a short time. Moreover, the obtained halides c
- Wang, Jia,Zhu, Hai-Tao,Qiu, Yi-Feng,Niu, Yuan,Chen, Si,Li, Ying-Xiu,Liu, Xue-Yuan,Liang, Yong-Min
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supporting information
p. 3186 - 3189
(2015/06/30)
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- Asymmetric Synthesis of Furo[3,4-b]indoles by Catalytic [3+2] Cycloaddition of Indoles with Epoxides
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A highly efficient N,N′-dioxide-NiII catalyst system for the catalytic [3+2] cycloaddition of indoles with epoxides through C-C cleavage of oxiranes was accomplished under mild conditions. It provided a promising approach for chiral furo[3,4-b]indoles in up to 98 % yield with up to 91 % enantiomeric excess (ee) and >95:5 diastereomeric ratio (d.r.). A promising approach: Catalytic de-aromatic [3+2] cycloaddition of indoles with epoxides by C-C cleavage of oxiranes is accomplished by using a highly efficient N,N′-dioxide-NiII catalyst system. A range of chiral furo[3,4-b]indoles is obtained with high enantiomeric excesses and diastereomeric ratios.
- Chen, Weiliang,Xia, Yong,Lin, Lili,Yuan, Xiao,Guo, Songsong,Liu, Xiaohua,Feng, Xiaoming
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supporting information
p. 15104 - 15107
(2015/11/02)
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- I2-mediated C3-formylation of indoles by tertiary amine and H2O
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An I2-promoted 3-formylation of free (N-H) and N-substituted indoles with tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) and H2O as the carbonyl source is achieved, providing 3-formylindole in moderate to excellent yields with good functional gr
- Zhang, Bo,Liu, Bin,Chen, Jianbin,Wang, Jiehui,Liu, Miaochang
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supporting information
p. 5618 - 5621
(2014/12/11)
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- Regioselective hydroarylation reactions of C3 electrophilic N-acetylindoles activated by FeCl3: An entry to 3-(Hetero)arylindolines
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A method for the direct and rare umpolung of the 3 position of indoles is reported. The activation of N-acetylindole with iron(III) chloride allows the C-H addition of aromatic and heteroaromatic substrates to the C2-C3 double bond of the indole nucleus to generate a quaternary center at C3 and leads regioselectively to 3-arylindolines. Optimization, scope (50 examples), practicability (gram scale, air atmosphere, room temperature), and mechanistic insights of this process are presented. Synthetic transformations of the indoline products into drug-like compounds are also described.
- Beaud, Rodolphe,Guillot, Regis,Kouklovsky, Cyrille,Vincent, Guillaume
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supporting information
p. 7492 - 7500
(2014/06/23)
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- Direct oxidative coupling of N-acetyl indoles and phenols for the synthesis of benzofuroindolines related to phalarine
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Inspired by the biogenetic synthesis of benzofuro-indoline-containing natural products, we designed an oxidative coupling between phenol and N-acetyl indoles. This straightforward and direct radical process, mediated by 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone and FeCl 3 allowed the regioselective synthesis of benzofuro[3,2-b]indolines, whose structure is found in the natural product phalarine.
- Tomakinian, Terry,Guillot, Rgis,Kouklovsky, Cyrille,Vincent, Guillaume
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supporting information
p. 11881 - 11885
(2015/01/09)
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- Elaboration of thorough simplified vinca alkaloids as antimitotic agents based on pharmacophore similarity
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Thorough simplification of vinca alkaloids based on pharmacophore similarity has been conducted. A concise process for the syntheses of target compounds was successfully developed with yields from poor to excellent (19-98%). Cell growth inhibitory activities of these synthesized compounds were evaluated in five cancer cell lines including MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, HepG2, HepG2/ADM and K562. Almost all compounds exhibited moderate antitumor activity with optimal IC50 value of 0.89 ± 0.07 μM in MCF-7 cells. Investigation of structure-activity relationship (SAR) indicates that electron-withdraw substituents on the ring contribute to the enhancement of the antitumor activities. The simplified vinca alkaloids are confirmed as antimitotic agents, which inhibit the polymerization of tubulin just like vinblastine.
- Zheng, Jing,Deng, Lijuan,Chen, Minfeng,Xiao, Xuzhi,Xiao, Shengwei,Guo, Cuiping,Xiao, Gaokeng,Bai, Liangliang,Ye, Wencai,Zhang, Dongmei,Chen, Heru
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p. 158 - 167
(2013/10/01)
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- Discovery of a highly selective FLT3 kinase inhibitor from phenotypic cell viability profiling
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We discovered a novel molecular framework 4 containing a heterobiaryl pyrazolopyridine moiety as a selective FLT3 kinase inhibitor from phenotype-based viability profiling. Compound 4g showed outstanding selectivity in cellular cytotoxicity against MV-4-11 leukemic cells via the induction of apoptosis. The hypothesis-driven deconvolution elucidated that compound 4g selectively blocked the phosphorylation of FLT3 and its downstream effectors, such as ERK and STAT5, only in MV-4-11 cells. The inhibitory effect of 4g on in vitro enzyme function and FLT3 phosphorylation in cells proved that FLT3 kinase is a direct molecular target of 4g. Finally, the kinase activity profiling of 4g verified its excellent selectivity toward FLT3 over 40 representative kinases, including the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013.
- Lee, Sanghee,Jo, Ala,Park, Seung Bum
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p. 228 - 232
(2013/03/14)
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- Highly enantioselective Friedel-Crafts alkylation/N-hemiacetalization cascade reaction with indoles
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A new ring for your indole: An unprecedented copper-catalyzed enantioselective Friedel-Crafts alkylation/N-hemiacetalization cascade reaction with indoles and β,γ-unsaturated α-ketoesters is reported. This mild strategy provides new access to various synthetically and biologically important 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles in a highly enantioselective manner.
- Cheng, Hong-Gang,Lu, Liang-Qiu,Wang, Tao,Yang, Qing-Qing,Liu, Xiao-Peng,Li, Yang,Deng, Qiao-Hui,Chen, Jia-Rong,Xiao, Wen-Jing
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supporting information
p. 3250 - 3254
(2013/04/10)
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- Organocatalytic asymmetric Michael addition of aliphatic aldehydes to indolylnitroalkenes: Access to contiguous stereogenic tryptamine precursors
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Because of the importance of the indole framework and the versatile transformation of nitro and formyl groups, the efficient synthesis of optically pure 2-alkyl-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-4-nitrobutanals, one type of tryptamine precursors are of great interest for pharmaceutical and biological research. Herein, the Michael addition of aliphatic aldehydes to indolylnitroalkenes has been developed using (S)-diphenylprolinol trimethylsilyl ether as an organocatalyst, which provides the desired optically pure syn 2-alkyl-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-4-nitrobutanal derivatives in up to 98% yield with up to >99:1 dr and >99% ee. To show the synthetic usefulness of this methodology, optically active 2-alkyl-4-nitro-3-(1-tosyl-1H-indol-3-yl)butan-1- ol and tryptamine derivatives are readily obtained by stepwise systematic transformations.
- Chen, Jian,Geng, Zhi-Cong,Li, Ning,Huang, Xiao-Fei,Pan, Feng-Feng,Wang, Xing-Wang
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p. 2362 - 2372
(2013/05/21)
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- An investigation into the substituent effect of halogen atoms on the crystal structures of indole-3-carboxylic acid (ICA)
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An investigation into the substituent effect of halogen atoms (F, Cl, Br) on the crystal structure of indole-3-carboxylic acid (ICA) was prepared in this work. The investigation was done through the aspect of crystal structure, intermolecular interactions and π...π stacking motifs with the assistance of infrared spectra, elemental analyses, NMR spectra, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) and hot stage microscopy (HSM) measurements. The results revealed that the different kinds of halogen atoms and the different substituted positions have a significant effect on the crystal structures, molecular π...π stacking motifs and the kinds of intermolecular interactions. We further correlated the melting points of the ICAs with the H-H, O-H and X-H (X = F, Cl, Br) interactions, and found a positive correlation between them.
- Luo, Yang-Hui,Sun, Bai-Wang
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p. 7490 - 7497
(2013/09/24)
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- PEPTIDOMIMETIC MACROCYCLES
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Provided herein are peptidomimetic macrocycles and methods of using such macrocycles for the treatment of disease.
- -
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Paragraph 00186
(2013/08/28)
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- TRIAZOLE-CROSSLINKED AND THIOETHER-CROSSLINKED PEPTIDOMIMETIC MACROCYCLES
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Provided herein are peptidomimetic macrocycles and methods of using such macrocycles for the treatment of disease.
- -
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Paragraph 00220
(2013/08/28)
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- Regioselective synthesis of 4-substituted indoles via C-H activation: A ruthenium catalyzed novel directing group strategy
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A highly regioselective functionalization of indole at the C-4 position by employing an aldehyde functional group as a directing group, and Ru as a catalyst, under mild reaction conditions (open flask) has been uncovered. This strategy to synthesize 4-substituted indoles is important, as this class of privileged molecules serves as a precursor for ergot alkaloids and related heterocyclic compounds.
- Lanke, Veeranjaneyulu,Ramaiah Prabhu, Kandikere
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supporting information
p. 6262 - 6265
(2014/01/17)
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- Synthesis, crystal structures and electronic properties of isomers of chloro-pyridinylvinyl-1H-indoles
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Three isomers of chloro-3-(2-pyridin-3-ylvinyl)-1H-indole were synthesized and tested as inhibitors of human tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (hTDO). The crystal structures of two of them were solved by X-ray diffraction. The solubility of the molecules also was determined experimentally. The molecular electrostatic potentials and dipole moments of the three isomers were calculated by ab initio quantum mechanics (HF/6-311G). The single crystal X-ray analyses reveal non-planar structures. This non-coplanarity is retained during docking of the compounds into a model of hTDO, the molecular target of this series. The position of the Cl atom does not significantly affect the electronic delocalization. Nevertheless, the position of the Cl atom produces a local variation of bond lengths inducing different dipole moments for these isomers. Variations in dipole moments are consistent with the different melting points and crystal packings. Differences in aqueous solubilities are best explained by subtle changes in H-bonds resulting from different accessibilities of the indole NH's due to steric effects of the Cl substituent. The non-coplanarity plays an important role in the crystalline packing of the molecules in contrast to the position of the Cl. This study leads to a better understanding of the structural and electronic characteristics of this chemical series and can potentially help to better understand their inhibitory activity.
- Moineaux, Laurence,Laurent, Sophie,Reniers, Jeremy,Dolusic, Eduard,Galleni, Moreno,Frere, Jean-Marie,Masereel, Bernard,Frederick, Raphael,Wouters, Johan
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scheme or table
p. 95 - 102
(2012/08/28)
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- Mild and selective Ru-catalyzed formylation and Fe-catalyzed acylation of free (N-H) indoles using anilines as the carbonyl source
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C3-selective formylation and acylation of free (N-H) indoles under mild conditions can be achieved by using Ru- and Fe-catalyzed oxidative coupling of free (N-H) indoles with anilines, respectively. Both processes are operationally simple, compatible with a variety of functional groups and generally provide the desired products in good yields. 13C-labeling experiments unambiguously established that the carbonylic carbon in the formylation products originated from methyl group of N-methyl aniline.
- Wu, Wenliang,Su, Weiping
-
supporting information; experimental part
p. 11924 - 11927
(2011/09/19)
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- Synthesis and structure-affinity relationships of novel small molecule natural product derivatives capable of discriminating between serotonin 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C receptor subtypes
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Efforts to develop ligands that distinguish between clinically relevant 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C serotonin receptor subtypes have been challenging, because their sequences have high homology. Previous studies reported that a novel aplysinopsin belonging to a chemical class of natural products isolated from a marine sponge was selective for the 5-HT2C over the 5-HT2A receptor subtype. Our goal was to explore the 5-HT2A/2C receptor structure-affinity relationships of derivatives based on the aplysinopsin natural product pharmacophore. Twenty aplysinopsin derivatives were synthesized, purified and tested for their affinities for cloned human serotonin 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT2C receptor subtypes. Four compounds in this series had >30-fold selectivity for 5-HT2A or 5-HT2C receptors. The compound (E)-5-((5,6-dichloro-1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)- 2-imino-1,3-dimethylimidazolidin-4-one (UNT-TWU-22, 16) had approximately 2100-fold selectivity for the serotonin 5-HT2C receptor subtype: an affinity for 5-HT2C equal to 46 nM and no detectable affinity for the 5-HT1A or 5-HT2A receptor subtypes. The two most important factors controlling 5-HT2A or 5-HT2C receptor subtype selectivity were the combined R1,R3-alkylation of the imidazolidinone ring and the type and number of halogens on the indole ring of the aplysinopsin pharmacophore.
- Cummings, David F.,Canseco, Diana C.,Sheth, Pratikkumar,Johnson, James E.,Schetz, John A.
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experimental part
p. 4783 - 4792
(2010/08/06)
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- Spirotetrahydro β-carbolines (spiroindolones): A new class of potent and orally efficacious compounds for the treatment of malaria
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The antiplasmodial activity of a series of spirotetrahydro β-carbolines is described. Racemic spiroazepineindole (1) was identified from a phenotypic screen on wild type Plasmodium falciparum with an in vitro IC50 of 90 nM. Structure-activity relationships for the optimization of 1 to compound 20a (IC50 = 0.2 nM) including the identification of the active 1R,3S enantiomer and elimination of metabolic liabilities is presented. Improvement of the pharmacokinetic profile of the series translated to exceptional oral efficacy in the P. berghei infected malaria mouse model where full cure was achieved in four of five mice with three daily doses of 30 mg/kg.
- Yeung, Bryan K. S.,Zou, Bin,Rottmann, Matthias,Lakshminarayana, Suresh B.,Ang, Shi Hua,Leong, Seh Yong,Tan, Jocelyn,Wong, Josephine,Keller-Maerki, Sonja,Fischli, Christoph,Goh, Anne,Schmitt, Esther K.,Krastel, Philipp,Francotte, Eric,Kuhen, Kelli,Plouffe, David,Henson, Kerstin,Wagner, Trixie,Winzeler, Elizabeth A.,Petersen, Frank,Brun, Reto,Dartois, Veronique,Diagana, Thierry T.,Keller, Thomas H.
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scheme or table
p. 5155 - 5164
(2010/09/05)
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- An efficient one-step synthesis of heterobiaryl pyrazolo[3,4-u] pyridines via indole ring opening
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A mild one-step synthetic method to access privileged heterobiaryl pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines from indole-3-carboxaldehyde derivatives and a variety of aminopyrazoles has been developed. This novel method constructs heterobiaryls with the wide scope of substrate generality and excellent regioselectivity via indole ring opening.
- Lee, Sanghee,Park, Seung Bum
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 5214 - 5217
(2010/03/04)
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- NITROGENATED HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUND AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION COMPRISING THE SAME
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The present invention relates to novel compounds having a xanthine oxidase inhibitory effect and an uricosuric effect and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same as an active ingredient. That is, the present invention relates nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds represented by the following general formula (I): wherein Y1 represents N or C(R4) ; Y2 represents N or C(R5) ; R4 and R5 independently represent an alkyl group, a hydrogen atom etc. ; one of R1 and R2 represents an optionally substituted aryl group, an alkoxygroup or an optionally substituted heterocyclic group; the other of R1 and R2 represents a haloalkyl group, a cyanogroup, ahalogenatometc.; and R3 represents a 5-tetrazolyl group or a carboxy group, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same as an active ingredient.
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Page/Page column 15; 21
(2008/12/06)
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- 3-IMIDAZOLYL-INDOLES FOR THE TREATMENT OF PROLIFERATIVE DISEASES
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The invention relates to 3-heterocyclyl indolyl compounds capable of inhibiting the interaction between p53, or variants thereof, and MDM2 and/or MDM4, or variants thereof, respectively, said compounds having the formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, RA, Y and Y are as defined in the specification. Due to their activity, the compounds are useful in the treatment of various disorders and diseases mediated by the activity of MDM2 and/or MDM4, or variants thereof, such as inflammatory or proliferative diseases or in the protection of cells.
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Page/Page column 64
(2008/12/04)
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- 1,2,3-Thiadiazole substituted pyrazolones as potent KDR/VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitors
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KDR kinase inhibition is considered to play an important role in regulating angiogenesis, which is vital for the survival and proliferation of tumor cells. Recently we disclosed a structure-based kinase inhibitor design strategy which led to the identification of a new class of VEGFR-2/KDR kinase inhibitors bearing heterocyclic substituted pyrazolones as the core template. Instability in a rat S9 preparation and poor iv PK profiles for most of these inhibitors necessitated exploration of new pyrazolones to identify new analogs with improved metabolic stability. Optimization of the heterocyclic moiety led to the identification of the thiadiazole series of pyrazolones (D) as potent VEGFR-2/KDR kinase inhibitors. SAR modifications, kinase selectivity profiling, and structural elements for improved PK properties were explored. Oral bioavailability up to 29% was achieved in the rat. Modeling results based on the Glide XP docking approach supported our postulation regarding the interaction of the lactam segment of the pyrazolones with the hinge region of the KDR kinase.
- Tripathy, Rabindranath,Ghose, Arup,Singh, Jasbir,Bacon, Edward R.,Angeles, Thelma S.,Yang, Shi X.,Albom, Mark S.,Aimone, Lisa D.,Herman, Joseph L.,Mallamo, John P.
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p. 1793 - 1798
(2007/10/03)
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- Probing the structural requirements of peptoids that inhibit HDM2-p53 interactions
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Many cellular processes are controlled by protein-protein interactions, and selective inhibition of these interactions could lead to the development of new therapies for several diseases. In the area of cancer, overexpression of the protein, human double minute 2 (HDM2), which binds to and inactivates the protein p53, has been linked to tumor aggressiveness and drug resistance. In general, inhibition of protein-protein interactions with synthetic molecules is challenging and currently remains a largely uncharted area for drug development. One strategy to create inhibitors of protein-protein interactions is to recreate the three-dimensional arrangement of side chains that are involved in the binding of one protein to another, using a nonnatural scaffold as the attachment point for the side chains. In this study, we used oligomeric peptoids as the scaffold to begin to develop a general strategy in which we could rationally design synthetic molecules that can be optimized for inhibition of protein-protein interactions. Structural information on the HDM2-p53 complex was used to design our first class of peptoid inhibitors, and we provide here, in detail, the strategy to modify peptoids with the appropriate side chains that are effective inhibitors of HDM2-p53 binding. While we initially tried to develop rigid, helical peptoids as HDM2 binders, the best inhibitors were surprisingly peptoids that lacked any helix-promoting groups. These results indicate that starting with rigid peptoid scaffolds may not always be optimal to develop new inhibitors.
- Hara, Toshiaki,Durell, Stewart R.,Myers, Michael C.,Appella, Daniel H.
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p. 1995 - 2004
(2007/10/03)
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- Inhibitors of cellular necrosis
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The present invention relates to compounds and pharmaceutical preparations and their use in therapy for preventing or treating trauma, ischemia, stroke and degenerative diseases associated with cell death. Methods and compositions of the invention are particularly useful for treating neurological disorders associated with cellular necrosis.
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Page/Page column 36
(2008/06/13)
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- Novel and potent human and rat β3-adrenergic receptor agonists containing substituted 3-indolylalkylamines
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A novel series of 2-(3-indolyl)alkylamino-1-(3-chlorophenyl)ethanols was prepared and evaluated for in vitro ability to stimulate cAMP production in Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing cloned human β3-AR. The optically active 30a was found to be the most potent and selective human β3-AR agonist in this series with an EC50 value of 0.062 nM. In addition, 30a selectivity for human β3-AR was 210-fold and 103-fold that for human β2-AR and β1-AR, respectively. Furthermore, 30a showed potent agonistic activity at rat β3-AR.
- Harada, Hiroshi,Hirokawa, Yoshimi,Suzuki, Kenji,Hiyama, Yoichi,Oue, Mayumi,Kawashima, Hitoshi,Yoshida, Naoyuki,Furutani, Yasuji,Kato, Shiro
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p. 1301 - 1305
(2007/10/03)
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