- Transition-Metal-Free Synthesis of Aryl Trifluoromethyl Thioethers through Indirect Trifluoromethylthiolation of Sodium Arylsulfinate with TMSCF3
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Herein, we report an indirect trifluoromethylthiolation of sodium arylsulfinates. This transition-metal-free reaction significantly provides an environmentally friendly and practical synthetic method for aryl trifluoromethyl thioethers using commercial Ruppert-Prakash reagent TMSCF3. This approach is also a potential alternative to the current industrial production method owing to facile substrates, excellent functional group compatibility, and operational simplicity.
- Zheng, Changge,Jiang, Chao,Huang, Shuai,Zhao, Kui,Fu, Yingying,Ma, Mingyu,Hong, Jianquan
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supporting information
p. 6982 - 6986
(2021/09/08)
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- Metal-Free Trifluoromethylthiolation of Arylazo Sulfones
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A visible-light-driven protocol for the synthesis of aryl trifluoromethyl thioethers under photocatalyst- and metal-free conditions has been pursued. The procedure exploits the peculiar properties of arylazo sulfones (having electron-rich or electron-poor substituents on the (hetero)aromatic ring) as photochemical precursors of aryl radicals and S-trifluoromethyl arylsulfonothioates as easy-to-handle trifluoromethylthiolating agents.
- Li, Ankun,Li, Yuxuan,Liu, Junjie,Chen, Jingqi,Lu, Kui,Qiu, Di,Fagnoni, Maurizio,Protti, Stefano,Zhao, Xia
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p. 1292 - 1299
(2021/01/14)
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- Synthetic method of aryltrifluoromethyl sulfide
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The invention provides a synthesis method of an aryltrifluoromethyl sulfide compound, which comprises the following steps: mixing aryl halide, silver trifluoromethane mercaptide, a copper salt catalyst, a nitrogen-containing organic ligand and an organic solvent, and stirring at 20-120 DEG C to react for 1-60 hours, so that after the reaction is finished, the aryl trifluoromethyl thioether compound is generated. The method has the advantages of cheap and easily available raw materials, mild reaction conditions, good substrate universality, high yield, suitability for industrial application and the like.
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Paragraph 0045-0051
(2021/06/12)
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- A process for converting substituted phenyl diazonium salts into [(trifluoromethyl)thio]benzene
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The invention discloses a synthetic method of [(trifluoromethyl)thio]benzene compounds, particularly a method for converting substituted phenyl diazonium salts into [(trifluoromethyl)thio]benzene. Themethod comprises the following steps: under white light
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Paragraph 0110-0117
(2019/12/02)
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- Copper(I)-promoted trifluoromethylthiolation of arenediazonium salts with AgSCF3
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An efficient method for trifluoromethylthiolation of arenediazonium salts has been developed in mild conditions with a stable and convenient AgSCF3. It provides a straightforward and convenient way for the synthesis of trifluoromethylthiolated compound from diazonium salts in moderate to good yields.
- Zheng, Changge,Liu, Yang,Hong, Jianquan,Huang, Shuai,Zhang, Wei,Yang, Yupeng,Fang, Ge
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supporting information
p. 1404 - 1407
(2019/05/01)
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- Cu-mediated oxidative trifluoromethylthiolation of arylboronic acids with (bpy)CuSCF3
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An efficient trifluoromethylthiolation reaction of arylboronic acids with (bpy)CuSCF3in the presence of oxygen at room temperature is described. This method produces a variety of aryl trifluoromethylthioether derivatives in good to high yield. The mechanism of this trifluoromethylthiolation is discussed as well.
- Zhao, Mingzhu,Zhao, Xiaoming,Zheng, Purui,Tian, Yawei
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- Nickel-catalyzed trifluoromethylthiolation of Csp2-O bonds
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While nickel catalysts have previously been shown to activate even the least reactive Csp2-O bonds, i.e. aryl ethers, in the context of C-C bond formation, little is known about the reactivity limits and molecular requirements for the introduction of valuable functional groups under homogeneous nickel catalysis. We identified that due to the high reactivity of Ni-catalysts, they are also prone to react with existing or installed functional groups, which ultimately causes catalyst deactivation. The scope of the Ni-catalyzed coupling protocol will therefore be dictated by the reactivity of the functional groups towards the catalyst. Herein, we showed that the application of computational tools allowed the identification of matching functional groups in terms of suitable leaving groups and tolerated functional groups. This allowed for the development of the first efficient protocol to trifluoromethylthiolate Csp2-O bonds, giving the mild and operationally simple C-SCF3 coupling of a range of aryl, vinyl triflates and nonaflates. The novel methodology was also applied to biologically active and pharmaceutical relevant targets, showcasing its robustness and wide applicability.
- Dürr, Alexander B.,Yin, Guoyin,Kalvet, Indrek,Napoly, Fran?ois,Schoenebeck, Franziska
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p. 1076 - 1081
(2016/02/05)
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- Sandmeyer-Type Trifluoromethylthiolation and Trifluoromethylselenolation of (Hetero)Aromatic Amines Catalyzed by Copper
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Aromatic and heteroaromatic diazonium salts were efficiently converted into the corresponding trifluoromethylthio- or selenoethers by reaction with Me4NSCF3 or Me4NSeCF3, respectively, in the presence of catalytic amounts of copper thiocyanate. These Sandmeyer-type reactions proceed within one hour at room temperature, are applicable to a wide range of functionalized molecules, and can optionally be combined with the diazotizations into one-pot protocols.
- Matheis, Christian,Wagner, Victoria,Goossen, Lukas J.
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supporting information
p. 79 - 82
(2016/01/25)
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- Iron-Catalyzed Decarboxylation of Trifluoroacetate and Its Application to the Synthesis of Trifluoromethyl Thioethers
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Nucleophilic CF3 has been generated by decarboxylation of potassium trifluoroacetate, arguably the most easy-to-handle, inexpensive, and sustainable source of trifluoromethyl groups. Simple iron(II) chloride catalyzes the decarboxylation as well as a subsequent trifluoromethylation of organothiocyanates, resulting in a straightforward synthesis of trifluoromethyl thioethers. The KCN byproduct is absorbed by iron(II) with formation of nontoxic potassium hexacyanoferrate. An analogous trifluoromethylation of aldehydes with trifluoroacetate underlines the synthetic potential of such iron-catalyzed decarboxylative trifluoromethylations.
- Exner, Benjamin,Bayarmagnai, Bilguun,Jia, Fan,Goossen, Lukas J.
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supporting information
p. 17220 - 17223
(2016/01/25)
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- Copper-Catalyzed Trifluoromethylthiolation of Di(hetero)aryl-λ3-iodanes: Mechanistic Insight and Application to Synthesis of (Hetero)Aryl Trifluoromethyl Sulfides
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The direct and regioselective copper/S-Phos-catalyzed trifluoromethylthiolation of symmetrical and unsymmetrical di(hetero)aryl-λ3-iodanes has been accomplished for the synthesis of various (hetero)aryl trifluoromethyl sulfides employing readily accessible silver trifluoromethylthiolate (AgSCF3) as nucleophilic trifluoromethylthiolating reagent. The developed transformation tolerates various functional groups like nitrile, enolizable ketone, ester, nitro and free carboxylic acid. Interestingly, the formal trifluoromethylthiolation of arenes was also achieved through integration of the synthesis of diaryl-λ3-iodanes from arenes with the trifluoromethylthiolation. Mechanistic investigations did not favor the radical formation and SET pathway. Based on the variable temperature 19F NMR spectroscopy, isolation of the most relevant catalytic intermediate, and stoichiometric studies supported the Cu(I)/Cu(III) catalytic cycle, wherein the oxidative addition of diaryl-λ3-iodanes was assisted by the silver salt.
- Saravanan, Perumal,Anbarasan, Pazhamalai
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supporting information
p. 3521 - 3528
(2016/01/25)
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- Mild and Soft Catalyzed Trifluoromethylthiolation of Boronic Acids: The Crucial Role of Water
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The most reactive 2nd generation of trifluoromethanesulfenamides undergoes a copper-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction with boronic acids to afford CF3S-molecules. Contrary to the previous methods in the literature, no base addition, no heating, and no large excess of reagents are required to obtain good results. Furthermore, a crucial role of a small amount of water to favor this reaction has been demonstrated. This constitutes the mildest described conditions for such a reaction.
- Glenadel, Quentin,Alazet, Sébastien,Tlili, Anis,Billard, Thierry
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supporting information
p. 14694 - 14698
(2015/10/19)
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- Structure-reactivity relationship of trifluoromethanesulfenates: Discovery of an electrophilic trifluoromethylthiolating reagent
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A family of electrophilic trifluoromethanesulfenates was prepared. Structure-reactivity relationship studies showed that the substituted groups on the aryl ring of the trifluoromethylthiolating reagent did not have an obvious influence on their reactivities. A simplified electrophilic trifluoromethylthiolating reagent 1c was then identified that can react with a wide range of nucleophiles such as Grignard reagents, arylboronic acids, alkynes, indoles, β-ketoesters, oxindoles, and sodium sulfinates under mild reaction conditions. A variety of functional groups were tolerated under these conditions.
- Shao, Xinxin,Xu, Chunfa,Lu, Long,Shen, Qilong
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p. 3012 - 3021
(2015/03/30)
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- Trifluoromethylthiolation of aryl iodides and bromides enabled by a bench-stable and easy-to-recover dinuclear palladium(I) catalyst
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Abstract While palladium catalysis is ubiquitous in modern chemical research, the recovery of the active transition-metal complex under routine laboratory applications is frequently challenging. Described herein is the concept of alternative cross-coupling cycles with a more robust (air-, moisture-, and thermally-stable) dinuclear PdI complex, thus avoiding the handling of sensitive Pd0 species or ligands. Highly efficient C-SCF3 coupling of a range of aryl iodides and bromides was achieved, and the recovery of the PdI complex was accomplished via simple open-atmosphere column chromatography. Kinetic and computational data support the feasibility of dinuclear PdI catalysis. A novel SCF3-bridged PdI dimer was isolated, characterized by X-ray crystallography, and verified to be a competent catalytic intermediate. Pd double team: The cross-coupling enabled by an air-, moisture-, and thermally stable dinuclear PdI complex was explored. Highly efficient C-SCF3 coupling of a range of aryl iodides and bromides was achieved and the catalyst was recovered by simple column chromatography, thus highlighting its robustness and the possibility for catalyst recycling. Kinetic and computational data support the feasibility of dinuclear PdI catalysis.
- Yin, Guoyin,Kalvet, Indrek,Schoenebeck, Franziska
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supporting information
p. 6809 - 6813
(2015/06/08)
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- Fundamental studies and development of nickel-catalyzed trifluoromethylthiolation of aryl chlorides: Active catalytic species and key roles of ligand and traceless MeCN additive revealed
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A catalytic protocol to convert aryl and heteroaryl chlorides to the corresponding trifluoromethyl sulfides is reported herein. It relies on a relatively inexpensive Ni(cod)2/dppf (cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene; dppf = 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene) catalyst system and the readily accessible coupling reagent (Me4N)SCF3. Our computational and experimental mechanistic data are consistent with a Ni(0)/Ni(II) cycle and inconsistent with Ni(I) as the reactive species. The relevant intermediates were prepared, characterized by X-ray crystallography, and tested for their catalytic competence. This revealed that a monomeric tricoordinate Ni(I) complex is favored for dppf and Cl whose role was unambiguously assigned as being an off-cycle catalyst deactivation product. Only bidentate ligands with wide bite angles (e.g., dppf) are effective. These bulky ligands render the catalyst resting state as [(P-P)Ni(cod)]. The latter is more reactive than Ni(P-P)2, which was found to be the resting state for ligands with smaller bite angles and suffers from an initial high-energy dissociation of one ligand prior to oxidative addition, rendering the system unreactive. The key to effective catalysis is hence the presence of a labile auxiliary ligand in the catalyst resting state. For more challenging substrates, high conversions were achieved via the employment of MeCN as a traceless additive. Mechanistic data suggest that its beneficial role lies in decreasing the energetic span, therefore accelerating product formation. Finally, the methodology has been applied to synthetic targets of pharmaceutical relevance.
- Yin, Guoyin,Kalvet, Indrek,Englert, Ulli,Schoenebeck, Franziska
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supporting information
p. 4164 - 4172
(2015/04/14)
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- Copper-catalyzed synthesis of aryl and alkyl trifluoromethyl sulfides using CF3SiMe3and Na2S2O3as -SCF3source
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A universal and efficient Cu(I)-catalyzed synthesis of aryl and alkyl trifluoromethyl sulfides has been developed. In this catalytic system, S-aryl or S-alkyl sulfothioate (I or II) proved to be the key intermediate. Substrates bearing groups of I, Br, Cl, OTs, and OMs on the aryl carbon and no matter electron-withdrawing and electron-donating substitutions on the aromatic ring could afford good to excellent yields.
- Zhong, Wei,Liu, Xiaoming
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supporting information
p. 4909 - 4911
(2014/12/10)
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- Sandmeyer trifluoromethylthiolation of arenediazonium salts with sodium thiocyanate and Ruppert-Prakash reagent
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In the presence of copper thiocyanate, sodium thiocyanate and the inexpensive, easy-to-use trifluoromethylating reagent Me3Si-CF 3, diazonium salts are smoothly converted into the corresponding aryl trifluoromethyl thioethers. Combin
- Danoun, Gregory,Bayarmagnai, Bilguun,Gruenberg, Matthias F.,Goossen, Lukas J.
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p. 1312 - 1316
(2014/03/21)
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- Copper-mediated oxidative trifluoromethylthiolation of aryl boronic acids with CF3CO2Na and elemental sulfur
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A practical three-component copper-mediated oxidative trifluoromethylthiolation of aryl boronic acids with cheap and readily available sodium trifluoroacetate and elemental sulfur is reported. A variety of trifluoromethylthio-substituted aromatics are synthesized in moderate yields under mild reaction conditions.
- Zhai, Lijuan,Li, Yaming,Yin, Jun,Jin, Kun,Zhang, Rong,Fu, Xinmei,Duan, Chunying
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p. 10262 - 10266
(2013/11/19)
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- An electrophilic hypervalent iodine reagent for trifluoromethylthiolation
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Sulfur and friends: A new electrophilic hypervalent iodine reagent 1 has been developed for direct trifluoromethylthiolation. A variety of nucleophiles, including β-ketoesters, aldehydes, amides, aryl or vinyl boronic acids, and alkynes, reacted with 1 under mild conditions to give the corresponding trifluoromethylthiolated compounds in good to excellent yields.
- Shao, Xinxin,Wang, Xueqiang,Yang, Tao,Lu, Long,Shen, Qilong
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supporting information
p. 3457 - 3460
(2013/04/24)
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- An air-stable copper reagent for nucleophilic trifluoromethylthiolation of aryl halides
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A series of copper(I) trifluoromethyl thiolate complexes have been synthesized from the reaction of CuF2 with Me3SiCF 3 and S8 (see scheme; Cu red, F green, N blue, S yellow). These air-stable complexes serve as reagents for the efficient conversion of a wide range of aryl halides into the corresponding aryl trifluoromethyl thioethers in excellent yields. Copyright
- Weng, Zhiqiang,He, Weiming,Chen, Chaohuang,Lee, Richmond,Tan, Davin,Lai, Zhiping,Kong, Dedao,Yuan, Yaofeng,Huang, Kuo-Wei
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supporting information
p. 1548 - 1552
(2013/03/13)
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