- Direct reductive amination of ketones with ammonium salt catalysed by Cp*Ir(iii) complexes bearing an amidato ligand
-
A series of half-sandwich Ir(iii) complexes1-6bearing an amidato bidentate ligand were conveniently synthesized and applied to the catalytic Leuckart-Wallach reaction to produce racemic α-chiral primary amines. With 0.1 mol% of complex1, a broad range of ketones, including aryl ketones, dialkyl ketones, cyclic ketones, α-keto acids, α-keto esters and diketones, could be transformed to their corresponding primary amines with moderate to excellent yields (40%-95%). Asymmetric transformation was also attempted with chiral Ir complexes3-6, and 16% ee of the desired primary amine was obtained. Despite the unsatisfactory enantio-control achieved so far, the current exploration might stimulate more efforts towards the discovery of better chiral catalysts for this challenging but important transformation.
- Dai, Zengjin,Pan, Ying-Min,Wang, Shou-Guo,Yin, Qin,Zhang, Xumu
-
supporting information
p. 8934 - 8939
(2021/11/04)
-
- One-Pot C-H Arylation/Lactamization Cascade Reaction of Free Benzylamines
-
An efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of seven-membered biaryl lactams involving Pd-catalyzed, native amine-directed, ortho-arylation of benzylamines followed by in situ lactamization. This cascade sequence is enabled by the use of 2-iodobenzoates, which facilitates C-H arylation from the free amine under conditions that typically require an improved directing group approach. This reaction is characterized by a broad substrate scope with good functional group tolerance. The need for an ester versus carboxylic acid-functionalized coupling partner is also explored, as is the potential for synthesizing eight-membered biaryl lactams. Various applications are also investigated, including access to the aza-brassinolide core.
- Chand-Thakuri, Pratibha,Landge, Vinod G.,Kapoor, Mohit,Young, Michael C.
-
p. 6626 - 6644
(2020/07/14)
-
- Rh(III)-catalyzed synthesis of isoquinolines using the N-Cl bond of N-chloroimines as an internal oxidant
-
The Rh(III)-catalyzed coupling of N-chloroimines with alkynes for the efficient synthesis of isoquinolines is reported. This represents the first use of the N-Cl bond of N-chloroimines as an internal oxidant for construction of the isoquinoline skeleton. The synthesis features atom and step economy, a green solvent (EtOH), mild reaction conditions, and a broad substrate scope.
- Chu, Benfa,Fang, Lili,Guo, Shan,Qi, Bing,Shi, Pengfei,Wang, Qi,Zhu, Jin
-
supporting information
(2020/03/10)
-
- Carbon Dioxide-Mediated C(sp2)-H Arylation of Primary and Secondary Benzylamines
-
C-C bond formation by transition metal-catalyzed C-H activation has become an important strategy to fabricate new bonds in a rapid fashion. Despite the pharmacological importance of ortho-arylbenzylamines, however, effective ortho-C-C bond formation of free primary and secondary benzylamines using PdII remains an outstanding challenge. Presented herein is a new strategy for constructing ortho-arylated primary and secondary benzylamines mediated by carbon dioxide (CO2). The use of CO2 with Pd is critical to allowing this transformation to proceed under relatively mild conditions, and mechanistic studies indicate that it (CO2) is directly involved in the rate-determining step. Furthermore, the milder temperatures furnish free amine products that can be directly used or elaborated without the need for deprotection. In cases where diarylation is possible, an interesting chelate effect is shown to facilitate selective monoarylation.
- Kapoor, Mohit,Chand-Thakuri, Pratibha,Young, Michael C.
-
supporting information
p. 7980 - 7989
(2019/05/22)
-
- Substituent effects on chiral resolutions of derivatized 1-phenylalkylamines by heptakis(2,3-di-O-methyl-6-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-β-cyclodextrin GC stationary phase
-
Chiral resolutions of trifluoroacetyl-derivatized 1-phenylalkylamines with different type and position of substituent were investigated by capillary gas chromatography by using heptakis(2,3-di-O-methyl-6-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-β-cyclodextrin diluted in OV-1701 as a chiral stationary phase. The influence of column temperature on retention and enantioselectivity was examined. All enantiomers of meta-substituted analytes as well as fluoro-substituted analytes could be resolved. Temperature had a favorable influence on enantioselectivity for small amines with substituents at the ortho-position. The type of substituent at the stereogenic center of amines also had a crucial effect as the ethyl group led to poor enantioseparation. Among all analytes studied, trifluoroacetyl-derivatized 1-(2′-fluorophenyl)ethylamine exhibited baseline resolution with the shortest analysis time.
- Issaraseriruk, Natthapol,Sritana-anant, Yongsak,Shitangkoon, Aroonsiri
-
supporting information
p. 900 - 906
(2018/05/08)
-
- n-Butylamine as an alternative amine donor for the stereoselective biocatalytic transamination of ketones
-
Formal reductive amination has been a main focus of biocatalysis research in recent times. Among the enzymes able to perform this transformation, pyridoxal-5′-phosphate-dependent transaminases have shown the greatest promise in terms of extensive substrate scope and industrial application. Despite concerted research efforts in this area, there exist relatively few options regarding efficient amino donor co-substrates capable of allowing high conversion and atom efficiency with stable enzyme systems. Herein we describe the implementation of the recently described spuC gene, coding for a putrescine transaminase, exploiting its unusual amine donor tolerance to allow use of inexpensive and readily-available n-butylamine as an alternative to traditional methods. Via the integration of SpuC homologues with tandem co-product removal and cofactor regeneration enzymes, high conversion could be achieved with just 1.5 equivalents of the amine with products displaying excellent enantiopurity.
- Slabu, Iustina,Galman, James L.,Iglesias, Cesar,Weise, Nicholas J.,Lloyd, Richard C.,Turner, Nicholas J.
-
-
- Stereoselective amination of racemic sec-alcohols through sequential application of laccases and transaminases
-
A one-pot/two-step bienzymatic asymmetric amination of secondary alcohols is disclosed. The approach is based on a sequential strategy involving the use of a laccase/TEMPO catalytic system for the oxidation of alcohols into ketone intermediates, and their following transformation into optically enriched amines by using transaminases. Individual optimizations of the oxidation and biotransamination reactions have been carried out, studying later their applicability in a concurrent process. Therefore, 17 racemic (hetero) aromatic sec-alcohols with different substitutions in the aromatic ring have been converted into enantioenriched amines with good to excellent selectivities (90-99% ee) and conversion values (67-99%). The scalability of the process was also demonstrated when two different amine donors were used in the transamination step, such as isopropylamine and cis-2-buten-1,4-diamine. Satisfyingly, both sacrificial amine donors can shift the equilibrium toward the amine formation, leading to the corresponding isolated enantioenriched amines with good to excellent results.
- Martínez-Montero, Lía,Gotor, Vicente,Gotor-Fernández, Vicente,Lavandera, Iván
-
supporting information
p. 474 - 480
(2017/06/23)
-
- Biocatalytic transamination with near-stoichiometric inexpensive amine donors mediated by bifunctional mono- and di-amine transaminases
-
The discovery and characterisation of enzymes with both monoamine and diamine transaminase activity is reported, allowing conversion of a wide range of target ketone substrates with just a small excess of amine donor. The diamine co-substrates (putrescine, cadaverine or spermidine) are bio-derived and the enzyme system results in very little waste, making it a greener strategy for the production of valuable amine fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals.
- Galman, James L.,Slabu, Iustina,Weise, Nicholas J.,Iglesias, Cesar,Parmeggiani, Fabio,Lloyd, Richard C.,Turner, Nicholas J.
-
supporting information
p. 361 - 366
(2017/08/14)
-
- Design and synthesis of calindol derivatives as potent and selective calcium sensing receptor agonists
-
We report the first comprehensive structure-activity study of calindol (4, (R)-N-[(1H-indol-2-yl)methyl]-1-(1-naphthyl)ethanamine), a positive allosteric modulator, or calcimimetic, of the calcium sensing receptor (CaSR). While replacement of the naphthyl moiety of calindol by other aromatic groups (phenyl, biphenyl) was largely detrimental to calcimimetic activity, incorporation of substituents on the 4, 5 or 7 position of the indole portion of calindol was found to provide either equipotent derivatives compared to calindol (e.g., 4-phenyl, 4-hydroxy, 5-hydroxycalindol 44, 52, 53) or, in the case of 7-nitrocalindol (51), a 6-fold more active calcimimetic displaying an EC50 of 20 nM. Unlike calindol, the more active CaSR calcimimetics were shown not to act as antagonists of the closely related GPRC6A receptor, suggesting a more selective profile for these new analogues.
- Kiefer, Lionel,Beaumard, Floriane,Gorojankina, Tatiana,Faure, Hélène,Ruat, Martial,Dodd, Robert H.
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p. 554 - 569
(2016/02/09)
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- PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF CHIRAL AMINES FROM PROCHIRAL KETONES
-
There is provided a method for the preparation of an enantiomerically enriched amine from a prochiral ketone.
- -
-
Page/Page column 5; 6; 7
(2015/12/11)
-
- Bioinspired organocatalytic aerobic C-H oxidation of amines with an ortho -quinone catalyst
-
A simple bioinspired ortho-quinone catalyst for the aerobic oxidative dehydrogenation of amines to imines is reported. Without any metal cocatalysts, the identified optimal ortho-quinone catalyst enables the oxidations of α-branched primary amines and cyclic secondary amines. Mechanistic studies have disclosed the origins of different performances of ortho-quinone vs para-quinone in biomimetic amine oxidations.
- Qin, Yan,Zhang, Long,Lv, Jian,Luo, Sanzhong,Cheng, Jin-Pei
-
p. 1469 - 1472
(2015/03/30)
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- PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF CHIRAL AMINES BY ASYMMETRIC HYDROGENATION OF PROCHIRAL OXIMES
-
There is provided a method for the preparation of an enantiomerically enriched amine by asymmetric hydrogenation of a prochiral oxime.
- -
-
Page/Page column 5-7
(2015/12/08)
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- CATALYST COMPOUNDS
-
The present invention relates to an iridium-based catalyst compound for hydrogenating reducible moieties, especially imines and iminiums, the catalyst compounds being defined by the formulas: where ring B is either itself polycyclic, or ring B together with R is polycyclic. The catalysts of the invention are particularly effective in reductive amination procedures 10 which involve the in situ generation of the imine or iminium under reductive hydrogenative conditions.
- -
-
Paragraph 0314; 0321
(2015/03/28)
-
- Primary amines by transfer hydrogenative reductive amination of ketones by using cyclometalated IrIII catalysts
-
Cyclometalated iridium complexes are found to be versatile catalysts for the direct reductive amination (DRA) of carbonyls to give primary amines under transfer-hydrogenation conditions with ammonium formate as both the nitrogen and hydrogen source. These complexes are easy to synthesise and their ligands can be easily tuned. The activity and chemoselectivity of the catalyst towards primary amines is excellent, with a substrate to catalyst ratio (S/C) of 1000 being feasible. Both aromatic and aliphatic primary amines were obtained in high yields. Moreover, a first example of homogeneously catalysed transfer-hydrogenative DRA has been realised for β-keto ethers, leading to the corresponding β-amino ethers. In addition, non-natural α-amino acids could also be obtained in excellent yields with this method. Reduce the work! A broad range of ketones have been successfully aminated to afford primary amines under transfer-hydrogenation conditions by using ammonium formate as the amine source and 0.1 mol % of a cyclometalated IrIII catalyst (see scheme). Copyright
- Talwar, Dinesh,Salguero, Noemi Poyatos,Robertson, Craig M.,Xiao, Jianliang
-
supporting information
p. 245 - 252
(2014/01/17)
-
- Transaminases applied to the synthesis of high added-value enantiopure amines
-
Critical parameters affecting the stereoselective amination of (hetero)aromatic ketones using transaminases have been studied, such as temperature, pH, substrate concentration, cosolvent, and source and percentage of amino donor, to further optimize the production of enantiopure amines using both (S)- and (R)-selective biocatalysts from commercial suppliers. Interesting enantiopure amino building blocks have been obtained, overcoming some limitations of traditional chemical synthetic methods. Representative processes were scaled up, affording halogenated and heteroaromatic amines in enantiomerically pure form and good isolated yields.
- Paul, Caroline E.,Rodriguez-Mata, Maria,Busto, Eduardo,Lavandera, Ivan,Gotor-Fernandez, Vicente,Gotor, Vicente,Garcia-Cerrada, Susana,Mendiola, Javier,De Frutos, Oscar,Collado, Ivan
-
supporting information
p. 788 - 792
(2014/07/08)
-
- HETEROCYCLIC INHIBITORS OF GLUTAMINASE
-
The invention relates to the heterocyclic compounds of Formula (I) as defined further herein, and pharmaceutical preparations thereof. The invention further relates to methods of treating cancer, immunological or neurological diseases using the heterocyclic compounds of the invention.
- -
-
Page/Page column 139; 140
(2013/06/06)
-
- CATALYST COMPOUNDS
-
The present invention relates to an iridium-based catalyst compound for hydrogenating reducible moieties, especially imines and iminiums, the catalyst compounds being defined by the formulas: where ring B is either itself polycyclic, or ring B together with R is polycyclic. The catalysts of the invention are particularly effective in reductive amination procedures 10 which involve the in situ generation of the imine or iminium under reductive hydrogenative conditions.
- -
-
Paragraph 00163; 00170
(2013/11/05)
-
- Organocatalytic asymmetric biomimetic transamination of aromatic ketone to optically active amine
-
An asymmetric biomimetic transamination of aromatic ketones to optically active amines with o-HOPhCH2NH2 as amine source catalyzed by hydroquinine-derived chiral base is described. Up to 85% ee was obtained.
- Xie, Ying,Pan, Hongjie,Xiao, Xiao,Li, Songlei,Shi, Yian
-
supporting information
p. 8960 - 8962,3
(2012/12/12)
-
- Organocatalytic asymmetric biomimetic transamination of aromatic ketone to optically active amine
-
An asymmetric biomimetic transamination of aromatic ketones to optically active amines with o-HOPhCH2NH2 as amine source catalyzed by hydroquinine-derived chiral base is described. Up to 85% ee was obtained.
- Xie, Ying,Pan, Hongjie,Xiao, Xiao,Li, Songlei,Shi, Yian
-
supporting information
p. 8960 - 8962
(2013/01/15)
-
- ARYL, HETEROARYL, AND HETEROCYCLE SUBSTITUTED TETRAHYDROISOQUINOLINES AND USE THEREOF
-
Novel aryl, heteroaryl, and non-aromatic heterocyle substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines are described in the present invention. These compounds are used in the treatment of various neurological and physiological disorders. Methods of making these compounds are also described in the present invention.
- -
-
Page/Page column 66-67
(2010/12/17)
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- INHIBITORS OF KINASE ACTIVITY
-
The present invention relates to pyridines or pyrazines that inhibit kinases. In particular the compounds of the invention inhibit members of the class III PTK receptor family such as FMS (CSF-IR), c-KIT, PDGFRβ, PDGFRα or FLT3 and KDR, SRC, EphA2, EphA3, EphA8, FLTl, FLT4, HCK, LCK, PTK5 (FRK), SYK, DDRl and DDR2 and RET. The compounds of the invention are useful in the treatment of kinase associated diseases such as immunological and inflammatory diseases; hyperproliferative diseases including cancer and diseases involving neo-angiogenesis; renal and kidney diseases; bone remodeling diseases; metabolic diseases; and vascular diseases.
- -
-
Page/Page column 96
(2008/12/05)
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- Enantioselective enzymatic acylation of 1-(3′-bromophenyl)ethylamine
-
An efficient biocatalytic process has been developed for the resolution of 1-(3′-bromophenyl)ethylamine (RS)-1 by way of enantioselective lipase-mediated (R)-selective acylation with ethyl 2-methoxyacetate to afford (S)-amine (S)-1 and (R)-2″-methoxyaceta
- Gill, Iqbal I.,Das, Jagbandhu,Patel, Ramesh N.
-
p. 1330 - 1337
(2008/02/09)
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- Imidazo-fused oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridine and imidazo-fused thiazolo[4,5-b]pyridine based tricyclic compounds and pharmaceutical compositions comprising same
-
The present invention provides for pyrazolopurine-based tricyclic compounds having the formula (I), wherein R1, R2, R3, and R6 are as described herein. The present invention further provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, as well as the use of such compounds for treating inflammatory and immune diseases.
- -
-
Page/Page column 25
(2010/11/30)
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- SUBSTITUTED ARYLAMINE COMPOUNDS AND THEIR USE AS 5-HT6 MODULATORS
-
The invention relates to 5-HT6 receptor antagonists. Novel arylamine compounds having the formula: (see formula I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and/or esters thereof, wherein - n is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; - A, when present is a lower alkyl
- -
-
Page/Page column 54-55
(2008/06/13)
-
- Synthesis and chiral recognition ability of O-phenyl ethylphosphonothioic acid with a conformationally flexible phenoxy group for CH/π interaction
-
Enantiopure O-phenyl ethylphosphonothioic acid 1 was easily obtained by the enantioseparation of racemic 1, which was prepared from commercially available phosphorothioic trichloride in four steps. Enantiopure 1 was found to show an excellent chiral recognition ability for various 1-arylethylamine derivatives during the diastereomeric salt formation. In particular, enantiopure 1 was able to recognize the chirality of o- and m-substituted 1-arylethylamine derivatives, of which the chirality is generally difficult to establish by conventional resolving agents. X-ray crystallographic analyses of the less-soluble diastereomeric salts revealed that the conformation of the phenoxy group in enantiopure 1 could change in the diastereomeric salt crystals and that the excellent chiral recognition ability of enantiopure 1 resulted from the effective CH/π interaction of the phenoxy phenyl group.
- Kobayashi, Yuka,Maeda, Jin,Morisawa, Fumi,Saigo, Kazuhiko
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p. 967 - 974
(2007/10/03)
-
- Multicyclic bis-amide MMP inhibitors
-
The present invention relates generally to bis-amide group containing pharmaceutical agents, and in particular, to multicyclic bis-amide MMP-13 inhibitor compounds. More particularly, the present invention provides a new class of MMP-13 inhibiting compounds, containing a pyrimidinyl bis-amide group in combination with a heterocyclic moiety, that exhibit an increased potency and solubility in relation to currently known bis-amide group containing MMP-13 inhibitors.
- -
-
Page/Page column 94
(2008/06/13)
-
- THIOPHENE DERIVATIVES, THEIR MANUFACTURE AND USE AS PHARMACEUTICAL AGENTS
-
Objects of the present invention are the compounds of formula (I), their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, enantiomeric forms, diastereoisomers and racemates, the preparation of the above-mentioned compounds, medicaments containing them and their manufac
- -
-
Page/Page column 40
(2010/02/15)
-
- Synthesis of enantiomerically pure amino-substituted fused bicyclic rings
-
This invention describes various processes for synthesis and resolution of racemic amino-substituted fused bicyclic ring systems. One process utilizes selective hydrogenation of an amino-substituted fused bicyclic aromatic ring system. An alternative process prepares the racemic amino-substituted fused bicyclic ring system via nitrosation. In addition, the present invention describes the enzymatic resolution of a racemic mixture to produce the (R)- and (S)-forms of amino-substituted fused bicyclic rings as well as a racemization process to recycle the unpreferred enantioner. Further provided by this invention is an asymmetric synthesis of the (R)- or (S)-enantiomer of primary amino-substituted fused bicyclic ring systems.
- -
-
-
- Process for preparing optically active amines and optically active carboxylic acids, and intermediates for preparation
-
Disclosed is a process for preparing an optically active 1-aryl- or 2-aryl-alkylamines of formulas Ia, Ib and Ic with high optical purity and high yield. The process uses an optically active 1- or 2-naphthylglycolic acid of the general formula II as a resolving agent. Also disclosed is a process for praparing an optically active 1- or 2-naphthylglycolic acid of formula II using an optically active 1-aryl- or 2-aryl-alkylamines of formulas Ia, Ib and Ic as the resolving agents
- -
-
-
- Enantiomerically pure amines by a new method: Biotransformation of oxalamic esters using the lipase from Candida antarctica
-
Octyl oxalamic esters of 1-phenylethylamine and substituted 1-phenylethylamines are kinetically resolved with high stereoselectivity by lipase B from Candida antarctica.
- Chapman, Daniel T.,Crout, David H. G.,Mahmoudian, Mahmoud,Scopes, David I. C.,Smith, Paul W.
-
p. 2415 - 2416
(2007/10/03)
-
- A general enantioselective synthesis of α-arylethylamines
-
Optically active α-arylethylamines were prepared starting from acetophenones in ≥95%ee and ≥70% overall yield using oxazaborolidine catalyzed enantioselective reduction followed by the displacement of the hydroxy group by an azide group with clean inversion under Mitsunobu reaction conditions.
- Chen, Chung-Pin,Prasad, Kapa,Repic, Oljan
-
p. 7175 - 7178
(2007/10/02)
-