- Preparation of biphenols by oxidative coupling of alkylphenols using a recyclable copper catalyst
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A method for producing biphenols by oxidative coupling of dialkylphenols which proceeds in two stages using a copper amine complex which is catalytically effective in each stage is disclosed. A novel copper amine complex is also disclosed wherein the complex exhibits high catalytic activity for the oxidative coupling of substituted phenols under mild conditions, has dual (two stage) activity and can be readily recycled and reused.
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- Preparation of biphenols by oxidative coupling of alkylphenols using a recyclable copper catalyst
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A method for producing biphenols by oxidative coupling of dialkylphenols which proceeds in two stages using a copper amine complex which is catalytically effective in each stage is disclosed. A novel copper amine complex is also disclosed wherein the complex exhibits high catalytic activity for the oxidative coupling of substituted phenols under mild conditions, has dual (two stage) activity and can be readily recycled and reused.
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- Preparation of biphenols by oxidative coupling of alkylphenols using copper catalyst
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This invention relates to a method for producing biphenols by oxidative coupling of dialkylphenols which proceeds in two stages using a copper amine complex which is catalytically effective in each stage.
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- Microwave spectra of metal chlorides produced using laser ablation
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An apparatus has been constructed to produce metal compounds using laser ablation and to investigate their rotational spectra with a microwave Fourier transform (MWFT) cavity spectrometer.The first three such compounds that have been studied are silver chloride, aluminum (I) chloride, and copper (I) chloride, produced by ablation of silver, aluminum, and copper rods in the presence of chlorine gas, using a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (532 nm).The high resolution and sensitivity available with the MWFT cavity spectrometer have permitted the first determination of nuclear spin-rotation coupling constants for AlCl and CuCl.These constants have been used to examine the electronic structures of the molecules.Values of the rotational and nuclear quadrupole coupling constants have also been improved for the three metal chlorides.
- Hensel, Kristine D.,Styger, Christian,Jaeger, Wolfgang,Merer, A. J.,Gerry, M. C. L.
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p. 3320 - 3328
(2007/10/02)
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- Process for the preparation of dialkyl carbonates
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A process is described for the preparation of dialkyl carbonates by oxidative carbonylation of the corresponding alcohol in the presence of a copper-containing catalyst at elevated temperature and elevated pressure, which process permits simple separation of the copper-containing catalyst by sedimentation, and of the reaction water in the case of methanol by simple distillation from the reaction solution.
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- Characterization of matrix-isolated Cu(CO)Cl. IR spectroscopic investigation and ab initio calculation
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Cocondensation of CuCl and CO in an argon matrix leads to new IR absorptions near 2157 and 362 cm-1, which are assigned to a linear molecule Cl-Cu-CO. By means of large-scale ab initio calculations (CPF, MP2) the CuC distance is predicted to be 181 pm (CPF) and the reaction energy of CuCl + CO → ClCu-CO is reported to be 155 kJ mol-1 exothermic (CPF). Bonding in this complex is discussed. The CuC bond is found to be formed by predominant σ-bonding from carbon to copper while dπ*-back-donation from Cu to C plays a minor role.
- Plitt, Harald S.,B?r, Michael R.,Ahlrichs, Reinhart,Schn?ckel, Hansgeorg
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p. 463 - 465
(2008/10/08)
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- Mechanism of CuCl and CuO Chemiluminescence in Microwave-induced Plasma Afterglows at 300 K
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The sublimation of the copper halides CuCl or CuCl2 in microwave-induced plasma afterglows results in the chemiluminescence of CuCl at 300 K.In O2-He afterglows the A, B, C, D, E and F trasitions up from V'= 3 are observed, while H2-He afterglows are much less effective, showing only A and B transitions.In addition, a weak chemiluminescence of CuO is detected in O2-He afterglows.Various chemiluminescence mechanisms are discussed, from which it appears that the termolecular recombination of hydrogen or oxygen atoms, with CuCl or CuO acting as a third body, is the most plausible chemiexcitation mechanism.
- Vinckier, Chris,Corthouts, Johan,Jaegere, Stephan De
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p. 603 - 607
(2007/10/02)
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- Steroids including a spiro ring in position 17, the process for their preparation and their use
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STR1 Products having the formula (I) wherein R1 is an aryl or aralkyl, R2 is a hydrocarbonated radical (1-18 carbon atoms), the dotted lines indicate an optional bond, the cycles A, B and C represent (II), (III), (IV), (V), (VI); R' and R" are H, alkyl (1-4 carbon atoms). Re is H, alkyl (1-6 carbon atoms), acyl, and their salts, their preparation, their application as medicaments, the pharmaceutical compositions containing them and intermediaries.
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- Phenyl pyridones and insectidal use thereof
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A compound of formula (I) STR1 wherein R1, R2, R4 and R5 are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl optionally substituted by halogen, lower alkoxy optionally substituted by halogen and lower alkenyl optionally substituted by halogen; R3 is halogen, amino, mono- or di(lower alkyl)-amino, lower alkyl substituted by halogen, lower alkoxy optionally substituted by halogen and lower alkenyl optionally substituted by halogen provided that R3 is not monochloro or monobromo-methyl; R6 is oxygen or sulphur; R7 and R10 are independently selected from hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl optionally substituted by halogen, lower alkoxy optionally substituted by halogen, and lower thioalkoxy optionally substituted by halogen; and R8 is hydrogen, halogen, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted lower alkoxy, optionally substituted lower thioalkoxy, cyano, nitro, optionally substituted oximino, optionally substituted lower alkenyl, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted amino or S(O)nR11 wherein n is 0, 1 or 2 and R11 is optionally substituted lower alkyl; R9 is hydrogen, or lower alkyl optionally substituted by halogen, lower alkenyl optionally substituted by halogen or CO2 R12 wherein R12 is lower alkyl optionally substituted by halogen; provided that R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are not all hydrogen; and further provided that when R3 is trifluoromethyl and R1 and R5 are halogen, R2 and R4 are not both hydrogen, or R7, R8, R9 and R10 do not comprise from one to four halogen or trihalomethyl substituents.
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- Synergistic insecticidal compositions containing dione esters
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Insecticidal compositions are provided which contain dione esters in admixture with other insecticides such as pyrethroid, carbamate or organophosphates. The use of the compositions of this invention provides synergistic kill of insects.
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- Method for making benzoylphenylureas
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A process for preparing a benzoylphenylurea which comprises reacting a benzoyl chloride with an alkali metal cyanate in the presence of a catalyst and an inert solvent to prepare a benzoyl isocyanate which is treated in situ with an appropriate aniline compound.
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- Fungicidal 1,2,4-triazole derivatives
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Silicon-containing 1,2,4-triazoles having broad-spectrum fungicidal activity have been discovered.
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- Process for the preparation of derivatives of quinuclidine substituted in the 3 position
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Process for the preparation of compounds of the formula: STR1 in which X is H, Cl, Br, I or OH, in which 3-methylene quinuclidine is reacted with an aluminum hydride, in an appropriate solvent and in the presence of a catalytic quantity of a halide of a transition metal, the molar ratio EQU1 being at least equal to 0.6, the product formed is reacted in situ with an ester, and then the product thus formed is reacted in situ with an electrophilic reactant which is capable of yielding an atom or group X as defined with reference to formula (I). The compounds of formula (I) can be used for the preparation of medicaments.
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- Use of amine-aluminum chloride adducts as alkylation inhibitors in a ligand-complexing process
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In processes in which liquid sorbents that are solutions in an aromatic hydrocarbon or halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon of a bimetallic salt complex having the generic formula MI MII Xn.Aromatic, wherein MI is a Group I-B metal, MII is a Group III-A metal, X is halogen, n is the sum of the valences of MI and MII, and Aromatic is a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon or halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon are used to separate complexible ligands from a gas feedstream that comprises an olefin having 2 or 3 carbon atoms, alkylation of the aromatic hydrocarbon or halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon is inhibited by incorporating in the liquid sorbent from 8.5 mole percent to 30 mole percent, based on the Group I-B metal in the liquid sorbent, of an amine-aluminum chloride adduct, such as ammonia-aluminum chloride adduct or pyridine-aluminum chloride adduct.
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- 2,4,6-Triiodobenzonitrile derivatives and X-ray contrast media comprising them
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2,4,6-Triiodobenzonitriles of the formula STR1 wherein Z is a direct bond or alkylene, X is --COOH or --NR1 R2 wherein R1 is H or hydrocarbon or hydroxy-hydrocarbon and R2 is lower acyl, and Y is H or --COOH, and their simple esters, amides and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, are useful as X-ray contrast agents and can be prepared by diazotizing the corresponding 2,4,6-triiodoanilines followed by reaction with a metal cyanide.
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- Process for preparing dihalovinylcyclopropanecarboxylates
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Novel syntheses of dihalovinylcyclopropanecarboxylates, including potent insecticides, are described. The processes begin with the reaction between an alkenol and an orthoester to produce a γ-unsaturated carboxylate, followed by the catalyzed addition of a carbon tetrahalide to the double bond and dehydrohalogenation to produce a cyclopropane derivative.
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- Dehydrohalogenation of (polyhaloalkyl)benzenes
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A process for the dehydrohalogenation of a (polyhaloalkyl)benzene containing a benzylic halogen such as 1,3-dichloro-5-(2,4,4,4-tetrachlorobutyl)benzene by contacting the (polyhaloalkyl)benzene with a suitably active Lewis acid catalyst such as SbCl5 or TiCl4 under conditions sufficient to catalyze said dehydrohalogenation to form a (polyhaloalkenyl)benzene such as 3,5-dichloro-α-(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)styrene.
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- Dehydrohalogenation of (polyhaloalkyl) benzenes with support Lewis acid catalysts
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A process for the dehydrohalogenation of a (polyhaloalkyl)benzene containing a benzylic halogen such as 1,3-dichloro-5-(2,4,4,4-tetrachlorobutyl)-benzene by contacting the (polyhaloalkyl)benzene with a Lewis acid such as AlCl3 deposited on an inert support such as silica gel or alumina under conditions sufficient to catalyze said dehydrohalogenation to form a (polyhaloalkenyl)benzene such as 3,5-dichloro-α-(2,2,2-trichloroethyl)styrene.
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- 5-Substituted picolinic acid derivatives and an anti-hypertensive composition containing the same
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5-Substituted picolinic acid derivatives represented by the formula (I): STR1 wherein R1 represents a straight or branched chain halogen-substituted alkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a substituted phenyl group having the formula STR2 wherein R3 and R4, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, a nitro group, an amino group, an N-alkyl-substituted amino group, an acylamino group, an acetyl group, an acyloxy group, a hydroxy group or a halogen-substituted alkyl group or R3 and R4, when taken together, represent a polymethylene chain; and R2 represents an --OM group wherein M represents a hydrogen, sodium, potassium, calcium, aluminium or magnesium atom, a straight or branched chain or cyclic alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aminoalkoxy group, a phenoxy group, a substituted phenoxy group, a 5-indanyloxy group, an acyloxyalkyloxy group having the formula STR3 wherein R5 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group and R6 represents a lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a phenyl group or a substituted phenyl group, or an amino group represented by the formula STR4 wherein R7 and R8, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, or a phenyl group which are useful as anti-hypertensive agents, a process for preparing the above 5-substituted picolinic acid derivatives, and anti-hypertensive compositions containing the same.
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- Biocidal 2-aryl-1,3-cyclohexane dione compounds and alkali metal and ammonium salts thereof
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2-Aryl-1,3-cyclohexanedione compounds and their alkali metal and ammonium salts exhibit outstanding herbicidal, miticidal and mite ovicidal activity.
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- Method of controlling acarina ectoparasites on warmblooded animals by orally administering to the animal an ectoparasitically effective amount of a 2-aryl-1,3-cyclohexanedione compound, and alkali metal salts, ammonium salts and enol esters thereof
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A method of controlling acarina ectoparasites on warmblooded animals by orally administering to the animals an ectoparasitically effective amount of a 2-aryl-1,3-cyclohexanedione compound and alkali metal salts, ammonium salts and enol ester derivative thereof.
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