- Cyano-and ketone-containing selenoesters as multi-target compounds against resistant cancers
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Fifteen selenocompounds, comprising of eight ketone-containing selenoesters (K1–K8, also known as oxoselenoesters) and seven cyano-containing selenoesters (N1–N7, known also as cyanoselenoesters), have been designed, synthesized, and evaluated as novel anticancer agents. These compounds are derivatives of previously reported active selenoesters and were prepared following a three-step one-pot synthetic route. The following evaluations were performed in their biological assessment: cytotoxicity determination, selectivity towards cancer cells in respect to non-cancer cells, checkerboard combination assay, ABCB1 inhibition and inhibition of ABCB1 ATPase activity, apoptosis induction, and wound healing assay. As key results, all the compounds showed cytotoxicity against cancer cells at low micromolar concentrations, with cyanoselenoesters being strongly selective. All of the oxoselenoesters, except K4, were potent ABCB1 inhibitors, and two of them, namely K5 and K6, enhanced the activity of doxorubicin in a synergistic manner. The majority of these ketone derivatives modulated the ATPase activity, showed wound healing activity, and induced apoptosis, with K3 being the most potent, with a potency close to that of the reference compound. To summarize, these novel derivatives have promising multi-target activity, and are worthy to be studied more in-depth in future works to gain a greater understanding of their potential applications against cancer.
- Alonso-Martínez, Francisco-Javier,Benito-Lama, Miguel,Dobiasová, Simona,Domínguez-álvarez, Enrique,Habibullah, Giyaullah,Kincses, Annamária,Nové, Márta,Salardón-Jiménez, Noemi,Sevilla-Hernández, Clotilde,Spengler, Gabriella,Szemerédi, Nikoletta,Viktorová, Jitka
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- Nickel-Mediated Photoreductive Cross Coupling of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives for Ketone Synthesis**
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A simple visible light photochemical, nickel-catalyzed synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acid-derived precursors is presented. Hantzsch ester (HE) functions as a cheap, green and strong photoreductant to facilitate radical generation and also engages in the Ni-catalytic cycle to restore the reactive species. With this dual role, HE allows for the coupling of a large variety of radicals (1°,2°, benzylic, α-oxy & α-amino) with aroyl and alkanoyl moieties, a new feature in reactions of this type. With both precursors deriving from abundant carboxylic acids, this protocol is a welcome addition to the organic chemistry toolbox. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions without the need for toxic metal reagents or bases and shows a wide scope, including pharmaceuticals and complex molecular architectures.
- Brauer, Jan,Quraishi, Elisabeth,Kammer, Lisa Marie,Opatz, Till
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supporting information
p. 18168 - 18174
(2021/11/30)
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- Isoalantolactone derivative, pharmaceutical composition and application thereof
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The invention relates to an isoalantolactone derivative, a pharmaceutical composition and application thereof, especially use of the isoalantolactone derivative shown as formula (I) or a salt pharmaceutical compound thereof in preparation of adjuvant drugs treating cancer, a pharmaceutical composition containing a therapeutically effective amount of isoalantolactone derivative (I) or its salt anda pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or a composition with other anticancer drugs.
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Paragraph 0014
(2019/02/02)
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- Chemo- and Regioselective Functionalization of Isotactic Polypropylene: A Mechanistic and Structure-Property Study
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Polyolefins represent a high-volume class of polymers prized for their attractive thermomechanical properties, but the lack of chemical functionality on polyolefins makes them inadequate for many high-performance engineering applications. We report a metal-free postpolymerization modification approach to impart functionality onto branched polyolefins without the deleterious chain-coupling or chain-scission side reactions inherent to previous methods. The identification of conditions for thermally initiated polyolefin C-H functionalization combined with the development of new reagents enabled the addition of xanthates, trithiocarbonates, and dithiocarbamates to a variety of commercially available branched polyolefins. Systematic experimental and kinetic studies led to a mechanistic hypothesis that facilitated the rational design of reagents and reaction conditions for the thermally initiated C-H xanthylation of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) within a twin-screw extruder. A structure-property study showed that the functionalized iPP adheres to polar surfaces twice as strongly as commercial iPP while demonstrating similar tensile properties. The fundamental understanding of the elementary steps in amidyl radical-mediated polyolefin functionalization provided herein reveals key structure-reactivity relationships for the design of improved reagents, while the demonstration of chemoselective and scalable iPP functionalization to realize a material with improved adhesion properties indicates the translational potential of this method.
- Williamson, Jill B.,Na, Christina G.,Johnson, Robert R.,Daniel, William F. M.,Alexanian, Erik J.,Leibfarth, Frank A.
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supporting information
p. 12815 - 12823
(2019/08/20)
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- Production method of fluvoxamine maleate intermediate (5-methoxy-1-(4-trifluoromethyl benzyl)pentanone)
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The invention provides a production method of a fluvoxamine maleate intermediate (5-methoxy-1-(4-trifluoromethyl benzyl)pentanone). The production method comprises the following steps of adding 1,2-dichloroethane into 3,5-difluoromethyl benzoic acid, mixing under the low-temperature environment, heating to 60 to 65 DEG C, uniformly stirring, continuing to heat to 80 to 90 DEG C, dripping thionyl chloride, heating and refluxing, stirring to react until no gas overflows, reducing pressure, and distilling, so as to obtain 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl) benzoyl chloride; adding 1-bromo-4-methyl butyl ether into a solvent, uniformly mixing, adding carbon nanotube-modified magnesium micro-nanoparticle to mix, and dripping benzene diiodide, so as to obtain a Grignard reagent containing the carbon nanotubes; under the ice bath environment, adding the 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl) benzoyl chloride into a solvent, adding a ferrous chloride catalyst to mix, adding the Grignard reagent containing the carbonnanotubes, and continuing to react, so as to obtain the 5-methoxy-1-(4-trifluoromethyl benzyl)pentanone.
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Paragraph 0024; 0025; 0029; 0030; 0034; 0035; 0039; 0040
(2018/11/22)
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- C-H and N-H Bond Annulation of Benzamides with Isonitriles Catalyzed by Cobalt(III)
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A simple efficient, atom-economical procedure was developed for the cobalt-catalyzed C-H bond annulation of benzamides with isonitriles under mild conditions. The reaction tolerates a variety of functional group including heterocycles. Diverse 3-(alkylimino)-2-quinolin-8-yl-2,3-dihydro-1 H -isoindol-1-ones were synthesized using isonitriles as the C1 source through C-H and N-H bond annulation via C-H bond activation in a 'green' solvent. Vinylamides were also used similarly with tert -butyl isonitrile to give 3-(tert -butylimino)-1-quinolin-8-yl-1 H -pyrrol-2(5 H)-ones.
- Kalsi, Deepti,Barsu, Nagaraju,Dahiya, Pardeep,Sundararaju, Basker
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supporting information
p. 3937 - 3944
(2017/08/29)
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- Site-Selective Aliphatic C-H Chlorination Using N-Chloroamides Enables a Synthesis of Chlorolissoclimide
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Methods for the practical, intermolecular functionalization of aliphatic C-H bonds remain a paramount goal of organic synthesis. Free radical alkane chlorination is an important industrial process for the production of small molecule chloroalkanes from simple hydrocarbons, yet applications to fine chemical synthesis are rare. Herein, we report a site-selective chlorination of aliphatic C-H bonds using readily available N-chloroamides and apply this transformation to a synthesis of chlorolissoclimide, a potently cytotoxic labdane diterpenoid. These reactions deliver alkyl chlorides in useful chemical yields with substrate as the limiting reagent. Notably, this approach tolerates substrate unsaturation that normally poses major challenges in chemoselective, aliphatic C-H functionalization. The sterically and electronically dictated site selectivities of the C-H chlorination are among the most selective alkane functionalizations known, providing a unique tool for chemical synthesis. The short synthesis of chlorolissoclimide features a high yielding, gram-scale radical C-H chlorination of sclareolide and a three-step/two-pot process for the introduction of the β-hydroxysuccinimide that is salient to all the lissoclimides and haterumaimides. Preliminary assays indicate that chlorolissoclimide and analogues are moderately active against aggressive melanoma and prostate cancer cell lines.
- Quinn, Ryan K.,K?nst, Zef A.,Michalak, Sharon E.,Schmidt, Yvonne,Szklarski, Anne R.,Flores, Alex R.,Nam, Sangkil,Horne, David A.,Vanderwal, Christopher D.,Alexanian, Erik J.
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supporting information
p. 696 - 702
(2016/02/03)
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- From Lead to Drug Candidate: Optimization of 3-(Phenylethynyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine Derivatives as Agents for the Treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer
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Herein we report the sophisticated process of structural optimization toward a previously disclosed Src inhibitor, compound 1, which showed high potency in the treatment of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) both in vitro and in vivo but had considerable toxicity. A series of 3-(phenylethynyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine derivatives were synthesized. In vitro cell-based phenotypic screening together with in vivo assays and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies finally led to the discovery of N-(3-((4-amino-1-(trans-4-hydroxycyclohexyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)ethynyl)-4-methylphenyl)-4-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (13an). 13an is a multikinase inhibitor, which potently inhibited Src (IC50 = 0.003 μM), KDR (IC50 = 0.032 μM), and several kinases involved in the MAPK signal transduction. This compound showed potent anti-TNBC activities both in vitro and in vivo, and good pharmacokinetic properties and low toxicity. Mechanisms of action of anti-TNBC were also investigated. Collectively, the data obtained in this study indicate that 13an could be a promising drug candidate for the treatment of TNBC and hence merits further studies.
- Zhang, Chun-Hui,Chen, Kai,Jiao, Yan,Li, Lin-Li,Li, Ya-Ping,Zhang, Rong-Jie,Zheng, Ming-Wu,Zhong, Lei,Huang, Shen-Zhen,Song, Chun-Li,Lin, Wan-Ting,Yang, Jiao,Xiang, Rong,Peng, Bing,Han, Jun-Hong,Lu, Guang-Wen,Wei, Yu-Quan,Yang, Sheng-Yong
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supporting information
p. 9788 - 9805
(2016/11/19)
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- C-H Xanthylation: A Synthetic Platform for Alkane Functionalization
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Intermolecular functionalizations of aliphatic C-H bonds offer unique strategies for the synthesis and late-stage derivatization of complex molecules, but the chemical space accessible remains limited. Herein, we report a transformation significantly expanding the chemotypes accessible via C-H functionalization. The C-H xanthylation proceeds in useful chemical yields with the substrate as the limiting reagent using blue LEDs and an easily prepared N-xanthylamide. The late-stage functionalizations of complex molecules occur with high levels of site selectivity, and a variety of common functionality is tolerated in the reaction. This approach capitalizes on the versatility of the xanthate functional group via both polar and radical manifolds to unlock a wide array of C-H transformations previously inaccessible in synthesis.
- Czaplyski, William L.,Na, Christina G.,Alexanian, Erik J.
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supporting information
p. 13854 - 13857
(2016/11/06)
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- SORAFENIB ANALOGS AND USES THEREOF
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The present invention provides, inter alia, compounds according to formula I. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions and kits containing such compounds. Methods for using such compounds, compositions, and kits for treating a subject having system xc-, dysregulation for activating ferroptosis, for inhibiting system xc- in a cell, and for monitoring treatment of a subject having system xc- dysregulation are provided as well.
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Paragraph 0186
(2015/04/22)
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- 1H-1,8- NAPHTHYRIDIN-2ONES AS ANTI PROLIFERATIVE COMPOUNDS
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The present invention relates to novel antiproliferative1H-1, 8-naphthyridin-2-ones of the general formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof: In which the variable groups are as defined herein, and their preparation and use in therapeutic treatment of disorders related to inhibition of tyrosine kinases in warm blooded animals. The compounds can overcome imatinib induced drug resistance.
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Page/Page column 34
(2015/12/30)
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- Site-selective aliphatic C-H bromination using N -bromoamides and visible light
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Transformations that selectively functionalize aliphatic C-H bonds hold significant promise to streamline complex molecule synthesis. Despite the potential for site-selective C-H functionalization, few intermolecular processes of preparative value exist. Herein, we report an approach to unactivated, aliphatic C-H bromination using readily available N-bromoamide reagents and visible light. These halogenations proceed in useful chemical yields, with substrate as the limiting reagent. The site selectivities of these radical-mediated C-H functionalizations are comparable (or superior) to the most selective intermolecular C-H functionalizations known. With the broad utility of alkyl bromides as synthetic intermediates, this convenient approach will find general use in chemical synthesis.
- Schmidt, Valerie A.,Quinn, Ryan K.,Brusoe, Andrew T.,Alexanian, Erik J.
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supporting information
p. 14389 - 14392
(2014/12/10)
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- BIARYL INHIBITORS OF THE SODIUM CHANNEL
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The invention relates to compounds useful in treating conditions associated with voltage- gated ion channel function, particularly conditions associated with sodium channel activity. More specifically, the invention concerns biaryl derivatives (e.g., compounds according to any of Formulas (I)-(XII) or Compounds (l)-(372) of Table 1) that are that are useful in treatment of conditions such as epilepsy, cancer, pain, migraine, Parkinson's Disease, mood disorders, schizophrenia, psychosis, tinnitus, amyotropic lateral sclerosis, glaucoma, ischaemia, spasticity disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder, restless leg syndrome and Tourette syndrome.
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Page/Page column 56
(2013/09/12)
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- Discovery and characterization of AZD9272 and AZD6538 - Two novel mGluR5 negative allosteric modulators selected for clinical development
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AZD9272 and AZD6538 are two novel mGluR5 negative allosteric modulators selected for further clinical development. An initial high-throughput screening revealed leads with promising profiles, which were further optimized by minor, yet indispensable, structural modifications to bring forth these drug candidates. Advantageously, both compounds may be synthesized in as little as one step. Both are highly potent and selective for the human as well as the rat mGluR5 where they interact at the same binding site than MPEP. They are orally available, allow for long interval administration due to a high metabolic stability and long half-lives in rats and permeate the blood brain barrier to a high extent. AZD9272 has progressed into phase I clinical studies.
- Raboisson, Patrick,Breitholtz-Emanuelsson, Anna,Dahlloef, Henrik,Kers, Annika,Minidis, Alexander B. E.,Nordmark, Anna,Stroem, Peter,Terelius, Ylva,Wensbo, David,Edwards, Louise,Isaac, Methvin,Jarvie, Keith,Slassi, Abdelmalik,Wilson, Julie M.,Xin, Tao,Heaton, William L.,Sheehan, Susan M.,McLeod, Donald A.
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p. 6974 - 6979,6
(2020/09/02)
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- CRYSTAL FORM OF PHENYLAMINO PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES
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The present invention relates to a particular form of the (3,5-bis trifluoromethyl)-N-[4-methyl-3-(4-pyridin-3yl-pyrimidin-2ylamino)-phenyl]-benzamide (formula I), processes for the preparation thereof, pharmaceutical compositions containing this crystal form, and their use as anti tumor agent in humans. The compound of formula I, also known as AN-019, is:
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Page/Page column 11
(2009/09/25)
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- NOVEL GLUCOKINASE ACTIVATORS AND METHODS OF USING SAME
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Compounds are provided which are phosphonate and phosphinate activators and thus are useful in treating diabetes and related diseases and have the structure wherein is a heteroaryl ring; R4 is —(CH2)n-Z-(CH2)m—PO(OR7)(OR8), —(CH2)nZ-(CH2)m—PO(OR7)Rg, —(CH2)n-Z-(CH2)m—OPO(OR7)Rg, —(CH2)nZ—(CH2)m—OPO(R9)(R10), or —(CH2)nZ—(CH2)m—PO(R9)(R10);R5 and R6 are independently selected from H, alkyl and halogen;Y is R7(CH2)s or is absent; andX, n, Z, m, R4, R5, R6, R7, and s are as defined herein; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A method for treating diabetes and related diseases employing the above compounds is also provided.
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Page/Page column 58
(2008/06/13)
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- 2-ARYLTHIAZOLE DERIVATIVES AS CXCR3 RECEPTOR MODULATORS
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The invention encompasses compounds of Formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are modulators of the CXCR3 chemokine receptor function useful for the treatment or prevention of pathogenic inflammatory processes, autoimmune diseases or graft rejection processes. Methods of use and pharmaceutical compositions are also encompassed.
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Page/Page column 104
(2010/11/28)
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- NOVEL PHENYLAMINOPYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES AS INHIBITORS OF BCR-ABL KINASE
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The present invention relates to novel intermediates useful for the preparation of novel phenylaminopyrimidine derivatives, novel phenylaminopyrimidine derivatives. Pharmaceutical composition containing the novel phenylaminopyrimidine derivatives and processes for their preparation. The invention particularly relates to novel Phenyl pyrimidine amine derivatives of the general formula (I). The novel compounds of the formula 1 can be used in the therapy of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML). Since the IC50; 191 values of these molecules are in the range 0.1 to 10.0 nm, these novel compounds are potentially useful for the treatment of CML.
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Page/Page column 28-29
(2008/06/13)
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- HIGH-PURITY (FLUOROALKYL)BENZENE DERIVATIVE AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
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The process for producing a (fluoroalkyl)benzene derivative according to the present invention comprises a step of reducing the total content of group 3 to group 12 transition metals in an alkylbenzene derivative to 500 ppm or less in terms of metal atoms; a step of halogenating the branched alkyl group of the purified alkylbenzene derivative by a photohalogenation to obtain a (haloalkyl)benzene derivative; and a step of subjecting the (haloalkyl)benzene derivative to a halogen-fluorine exchange using HF in an amount of 10 mol or higher per one mole of the (haloalkyl)benzene derivative. The (fluoroalkyl)benzene derivative produced by the process is reduced in the content of impurities such as residual halogens and residual metals, and is useful as intermediates for functional chemical products for use in applications such as medicines and electronic materials.
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- An effective method for the synthesis of carboxylic esters and lactones using substituted benzoic anhydrides with Lewis acid catalysts
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An efficient mixed-anhydride method for the synthesis of carboxylic esters and lactones using benzoic anhydride having electron withdrawing substituent(s) is developed by the promotion of Lewis acid catalysts. In the presence of a catalytic amount of TiCl2(ClO4)2, various carboxylic esters are prepared in high yields through the formation of the corresponding mixed-anhydrides from 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzoic anhydride and carboxylic acids. The combined catalyst consisting of TiCl 2(ClO4)2 together with chlorotrimethylsilane functions as an effective catalyst for the synthesis of carboxylic esters from free carboxylic acids and alcohols with 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic anhydride. Various macrolactones are prepared from the free ω-hydroxycarboxylic acids by the combined use of 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic anhydride and titanium(IV) catalysts together with chlorotrimethylsilane under mild reaction conditions. The lactonization of trimethylsilyl ω-(trimethylsiloxy) carboxylates using 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic anhydride is also promoted at room temperature in the presence of a catalytic amount of TiCl 2(ClO4)2. An 8-membered ring lactone, a synthetic intermediate of cephalosporolide D, is successfully synthesized according to this mixed-anhydride method using 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic anhydride by the promotion of a catalytic amount of Hf(OTf)4.
- Shiina, Isamu
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p. 1587 - 1599
(2007/10/03)
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- Process for the preparation of 3,5-bis(trifluoro-methyl)-benzoyl chlorides and novel 3,5-bis(tri-halogenomethyl)-and 3,5-dimethylbenzoyl halides
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3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl chlorides optionally substituted with fluorine or chlorine are advantageously prepared by converting 3,5-dimethylbenzoic acids optionally substituted with fluorine or chlorine into the corresponding acid chlorides; completely free-radically chlorinating said chlorides in the side chains, giving 3,5-bis(trichloromethyl)benzoyl chlorides optionally substituted by fluorine or chlorine; fluorinating the latter with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride and/or antimony pentafluoride, giving 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl fluorides optionally substituted with fluorine or chlorine; and then reacting the 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl fluorides with silicon tetrachloride in the presence of a further Lewis acid. Some of the 3,5-bis(trihalogenomethyl) and 3,5-dimethylbenzoyl halides which arise as intermediates are novel compounds.
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- Quinolones as gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists: Simultaneous optimization of the C(3)-aryl and C(6)-substituents
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A series of 3-arylquinolones was prepared and evaluated for their ability to act as gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists. A variety of substitution patterns of the 3-aryl substituent are described. The 3,4,5-trimethylphenyl substituent (23h) was found to be optimal. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
- Young, Jonathan R.,Huang, Song X.,Chen, Irene,Walsh, Thomas F.,DeVita, Robert J.,Wyvratt Jr., Matthew J.,Goulet, Mark T.,Ren, Ning,Lo, Jane,Yang, Yi Tien,Yudkovitz, Joel B.,Cheng, Kang,Smith, Roy G.
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p. 1723 - 1727
(2007/10/03)
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- Novel, Potent, and Orally Active Substance P Antagonists: Synthesis and Antagonist Activity of N-Benzylcarboxamide Derivatives of Pyridopyridine
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A series of 4-phenylisoquinolone derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for NK1 (substance P) antagonist activity.Highly potent antagonists, 4-phenyl-3-isoquinolone-N-benzylcarboxamides (11), were discovered from the structure-activity relationship studies on the isoquinolone-urea lead 1a.Optimization of the activity in this series resulted in the development of 5-phenyl-6-pyridopyridine-N-benzylcarboxamides (30) which are highly potent orally active NK1 antagonists.Among the compounds synthesized, N--7,8-dihydro-N,7-dimethyl-8-oxo-5-(substituted phenyl)-6-pyridopyridinecarboxamides (30a,f,g) showed excellent antagonist activities with IC50 values (in vitro inhibition of 125I>BH-SP binding in human IM-9-cells) of 0.21-0.34 nM and ED50 values (in vivo inhibition of capsaicin-induced plasma extravasation in guinea-pig trachea, iv) of 0.017-0.030 mg/kg.These compounds exhibited significantly potent activity upon oral adiministration with ED50 values of 0.068-0.17 mg/kg.Conformational studies on 30g indicated that the two stable conformers of 30g are quite similar to those of CP-99,994.
- Natsugari, Hideaki,Ikeura, Yoshinori,Kiyota, Yutaka,Ishichi, Yuji,Ishimaru, Takenori,et al.
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p. 3106 - 3120
(2007/10/02)
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