- An aza-nucleoside, fragment-like inhibitor of the DNA repair enzyme alkyladenine glycosylase (AAG)
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The DNA repair enzyme AAG has been shown in mice to promote tissue necrosis in response to ischaemic reperfusion or treatment with alkylating agents. A chemical probe inhibitor is required for investigations of the biological mechanism causing this phenomenon and as a lead for drugs that are potentially protective against tissue damage from organ failure and transplantation, and alkylative chemotherapy. Herein, we describe the rationale behind the choice of arylmethylpyrrolidines as appropriate aza-nucleoside mimics for an inhibitor followed by their synthesis and the first use of a microplate-based assay for quantification of their inhibition of AAG. We finally report the discovery of an imidazol-4-ylmethylpyrrolidine as a fragment-sized, weak inhibitor of AAG.
- Al Yahyaei, Balqees,Chu, Shuyu,Elliott, Ruan M.,Howlin, Brendan J.,Imperato, Manuel,Lopez, Arnaud,Mas Claret, Eduard,Meira, Lisiane B.,Whelligan, Daniel K.
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- Pyrrolidine [3,4-d] pyrimidine derivatives, preparation method and its application
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The invention discloses a pyrrolidine[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivative and a preparation method and an application thereof. The pyrrolidine[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivative is an inhibitor of a type I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R), and has a good IGF-1R inhibiting function and a good cancer cell proliferation inhibiting function, so that the pyrrolidine[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivative can be taken as a therapeutic agent for treating tumors and relevant diseases.
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Paragraph 0099-0101
(2016/12/01)
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- TARGETED COVALENT PROBES AND INHIBITORS OF PROTEINS CONTAINING REDOX-SENSITIVE CYSTEINES
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Covalent, irreversible small-molecule inhibitors that modify the sulfenyl form (i.e., sulfenic acid, RSOH and sulfenamide, RSNR'2) of therapeutically important proteins (particularly kinases and phosphatases) are disclosed, where the compositions include a compound having a substituted aryl or heterocyclic core structure that promotes binding interactions with a specific protein, and a nucleophilic reaction center (carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, or phosphorous) that is capable of forming a covalent bond with a sulfenic acid- or sulfenamide-modified cysteine residue in the protein. Methods for synthesizing these compounds are also disclosed, as well as methods of using them for determining the bioactivity of a chemical composition comprising an active compound toward a specific protein and for determining the potency of an inhibitor against a specific protein.
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- Carry over of impurities: A detailed exemplification for glycopyrrolate (NVA237)
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The original synthesis of glycopyrrolate (NVA237) was revised and shortened into an essentially one-pot process. Without isolating the intermediates, their purification became obsolete, thereby increasing the possibility of the carry over of impurities. For that reason, the actual, potential, and theoretical impurities of the starting materials cyclopentyl mandelic acid and 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-3-ol as well as byproducts which may occur during the synthesis were thoroughly investigated; furthermore, their transformation to possible impurities in the drug substance along the new synthetic route was performed to exclude them as actual impurities in the drug substance with certainty. The question is raised how detailed such investigation-which are fairly manageable for a simple product like glycopyrrolate-need to be.
- Allmendinger, Thomas,Bixel, Dominique,Clarke, Adrian,Di Geronimo, Laura,Fredy, Jean-Wilfried,Manz, Marco,Gavioli, Elena,Wicky, Regine,Schneider, Martin,Stauffert, Fabien J.,Tibi, Markus,Valentekovic, Darko
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supporting information
p. 1754 - 1769
(2013/01/15)
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- BICYCLIC PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES
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[wherein m and n may be the same or different and each represents an integer of 1 to 3 wherein m + n is 4 or less; R1 represents NR4R5 (wherein R4 and R5 may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl or the like); R2 represents the above Formula (II), Formula (IV) or the like; A represents a single bond, -C(=O)-, -SO2-, -OC(=O)- or the like; and R3 represents substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl or the like]ψBicyclic pyrimidine derivatives represented by the above Formula (I), or quaternary ammonium salts thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or the like, are provided. These have anti-inflammatory activities or modulation activities on the functions of TARC and/or MDC and are useful for treating and/or preventing a disease which is related to T cells, such as an allergic disease, an autoimmune disease or transplant rejection.
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Page/Page column 301
(2008/06/13)
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- Modulators of chemokine receptor activity
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Chemokine receptor antagonists, in particular, bicyclic diamine compounds of Formula (I) that act as antagonists of chemokine CCR2 and CCR3 receptors including pharmaceutical compositions and uses thereof to treat or prevent diseases associated with monocyte accumulation, lymphocyte accumulation or leucocyte accumulation are described herein.
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