- Design and synthesis of aryl diphenolic azoles as potent and selective estrogen receptor-β ligands
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New diphenolic azoles as highly selective estrogen receptor-β agonists are reported. The more potent and selective analogues of these series have comparable binding affinities for ERβ as the natural ligand 17β-estradiol but are > 100-fold selective over ERα. Our design strategy not only followed a traditional SAR approach but also was supported by X-ray structures of ERβ cocrystallized with various ligands as well as molecular modeling studies. These strategies enabled us to take advantage of a single conservative residue substitution in the ligand-binding pocket, ERα Met421 → ERβ Ile373, to optimize ERβ selectivity. The 7-position-substituted benzoxazoles (Table 5) were the most selective ligands of both azole series, with ERB-041 (117) being >200-fold selective for ERβ. The majority of ERβ selective agonists tested that were at least sim;50-fold selective displayed a consistent in vivo profile: they were inactive in several models of classic estrogen action (uterotrophic, osteopenia, and vasomotor instability models) and yet were active in the HLA-B27 transgenic rat model of inflammatory bowel disease. These data suggest that ERβ-selective agonists are devoid of classic estrogenic effects and may offer a novel therapy to treat certain inflammatory conditions.
- Malamas, Michael S.,Manas, Eric S.,McDevitt, Robert E.,Gunawan, Iwan,Xu, Zhang B.,Collini, Michael D.,Miller, Chris P.,Dinh, Tam,Henderson, Ruth A.,Keith Jr., James C.,Harris, Heather A.
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p. 5021 - 5040
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel cis-3,4-Diaryl-hydroxychromanes as high affinity partial agonists for the estrogen receptor
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The syntheses and in vitro pharmacological evaluation of a number of cis-3,4-diaryl-hydroxy-chromanes are reported, along with the results of a thorough in vivo profiling of the tissue-selective estrogen partial-agonist NNC 45-0781 [3, (-)-(3S,4R)-7-hydro
- Bury, Paul S.,Christiansen, Lise B.,Jacobsen, Poul,Jorgensen, Anker S.,Kanstrup, Anders,Narum, Lars,Bain, Steven,Fledelius, Christian,Gissel, Birgitte,Hansen, Birgit S.,Korsgaard, Niels,Thorpe, Susan M.,Wassermann, Karsten
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p. 125 - 145
(2007/10/03)
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- Studies on the Friedel-Crafts Reaction. XVI, Preparation of Isomeric 2-Acyl- and 3-Acyl-4-methoxy Phenols
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Acylation of 4-methoxy phenol according to Friedel and Crafts, as well as the rearrangement of its esters according to Fries lead always to 2-acyl-4-methoxy phenols or to their demethylated compounds.The unknown 3-acyl-4-methoxyphenols were prepared in two steps: First, the ester is acylated with the corresponding acyl chloride and SnCl4 in nitromethane.In the second step the resulting ketoesters are hydrolysed.This is a general method.The yields of meta-acylphenols are between 40 and 90percent.The isomeric 2-acyl-4-methoxyphenols which were partly unknown or accessible only in low yields have also been prepared for comparative spectral studies (UV, IR, NMR, MS) of ortho- and meta-acylphenols. - Keywords: Friedel-Crafts acylation; Fries rearrangement; Ketoesters; Spectral data
- Martin, Robert
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p. 1155 - 1164
(2007/10/02)
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