- Fluorination of propane and propene over cobalt(III) trifluoride and potassium tetrafluorocobaltate(III)
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Fluorination of propane and propene over cobalt(III) fluoride and potassium tetrafluorocobaltate(III) gave complex mixtures of products which have been identified to the 0.5percent level.The reactions are valuelles for preparative purposes.The mechanism of the fluorinations is not a simple F-for-H replacement, but requires an initial conversion of propane into propene followed by carbocation- and radical mediated reactions: the carbocations can be quenched by fluoride ions, rearrange and eliminate, and the radicals can be oxidised to carbocations or quenched by fluorine atoms.Radical quenching tends to predominate late in the fluoronation and carbocation reactions at the beginning.
- Burdon, James,Garnier, Laurent,Powell, Richard L.
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p. 625 - 632
(2007/10/03)
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- Perfluorination of Allene Derivatives by Direct Fluorination
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Perfluoropropane was prepared from allene with elemental fluorine in the presence of sodium fluoride in 84percent yield for the first time.The reaction of allene with elemental fluorine afforded 2,2-difluoropropane in the absence of sodium fluoride.Methoxyallene and cyanoallene were perfluorinated with elemental fluorine in the presence of sodium fluoride to give heptafluoropropyl trifluoromethyl ether and heptafluoropropyl cyanide in good yields respectively.In addition, the direct fluorination of cyanoallene in the presence of cesium fluoride afforded N,N-difluorononafluorobutylamine in 95percent yield.
- Arimura, Takashi,Shibakami, Motonari,Tamura, Masanori,Kurosawa, Shigeru,Sekiya, Akira
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p. 588 - 598
(2007/10/02)
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- Process for producing a 2,2-difluoropropane
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A process for producing a 2,2-difluoropropane of the following formula (2), which comprises fluorinating a chlorine-containing 2,2-halogenopropane of the following formula (1) by hydrogen fluoride or a fluorinating agent: wherein a, b, c and x are integers satisfying the following conditions:
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- The monofluorination of hydrofluorocarbons over cobalt trifluoride
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Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) have been fluorinated via the high-valency metal fluorides CoF3, MnF3 and KCoF4.The fluorinating powers of these reagents for the monofluorination of 2,2-difluoropropane are in the order CoF3>MnF3>KCoF4.The fluorinations of fluorinated ethanes with CoF3 have been examined in detail.The effects of temperature and the distribution products are described.Furthermore, regioselective monofluorination of gem-difluoro compounds (C3-C5) with CoF3 was achieved at the methylene position adjacent to the gem-difluoro group.The trifluoro compounds were obtained in good yield at low reaction temperatures.
- Kurosawa, Shigeru,Sekiya, Akira,Arimura, Takashi,Yamada, Toshiro
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