- Covalent immobilization of aggregation-induced emission luminogens in silica nanoparticles through click reaction
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Fluorescent silica nanoparticles (FSNPs) with efficient light emission, colloidal stability, and size tunability are fabricated by one-pot, two-step Stoeber and reverse microemulsion techniques. Tetraphenylethene (TPE)- and silole-functionalized siloxanes are facilely synthesized by click reactions and their sol-gel reactions followed by reactions with tetraethoxysilane generate FSNPs with core-shell structures. The FSNPs are uniformly sized with smooth surfaces, and show high surface charges and hence excellent colloidal stability. UV irradiation of ethanol solutions of the FSNPs gives strong blue and green light at 474 and 486 nm in high fluorescence quantum yields, thanks to the novel aggregation-induced emission attributes of the TPE and silole aggregates in the hybrid nanoparticles. The FSNPs are benign to living cells and function as fluorescent visualizers for intracellular imaging of HeLa cells. Luminogenic siloxanes with aggregation-induced emission characteristics are synthesized by click chemistry, and their sol-gel reactions followed by reactions with tetraethoxysilane furnish fluorescent silica nanoparticles (FSNPs) with core/shell structures. The FSNPs are monodisperse, colloidally stable, and emit blue and green light with high efficiency upon UV irradiation. The FSNPs are benign to living cells and function as fluorescent visualizers for intracellular imaging.
- Mahtab, Faisal,Lam, Jacky W. Y.,Yu, Yong,Liu, Jianzhao,Yuan, Wangzhang,Lu, Ping,Tang, Ben Zhong
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- Silicium dioxide nanoparticles as carriers for photoactivatable co-releasing molecules (PhotoCORMs)
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Silicium dioxide nanoparticles of about 20 nm diameter containing azido groups at the surface were prepared by emulsion copolymerization of trimethoxymethylsilane and (3-azidopropyl)triethoxysilane and studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A photoactivatable CO-releasing molecule (PhotoCORM) based on [Mn(CO)3(tpm)]+ (tpm = tris(pyrazolyl)methane) containing an alkyne-functionalized tpm ligand was covalently linked to the silicium dioxide nanoparticles via the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (CuAAC "click" reaction). The surface functionalization of the particles with azido groups and manganese CORMs was analyzed by UV-vis, IR, 1H and 13C CP-MAS NMR spectroscopies as well as energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The myoglobin assay was used to demonstrate that the CORM-functionalized nanoparticles have photoinducible CO-release properties very similar to the free complex. In the future, such functionalized silicium dioxide nanoparticles might be utilized as delivery agents for CORMs in solid tumors.
- Doerdelmann, Gregor,Pfeiffer, Hendrik,Birkner, Alexander,Schatzschneider, Ulrich
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- Highly active enzymes immobilized in large pore colloidal mesoporous silica nanoparticles
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Various bio-applications of mesoporous materials (e.g., the immobilization of enzymes or the delivery of biomolecules such as siRNA) require large pores for the successful adsorption of the rather large molecules of interest and protecting the fragile cargo from external forces such as degradation. We describe the facile synthesis of functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles with large pores (LP-MSNs) providing high loading capacity for the immobilization of two differently-sized enzymes. The synthesis procedure yields homogeneous core-shell particles of about 100 nm in size with large mesopores (about 7 nm in diameter) and an azide-functionality inside the pores. The LP-MSNs were synthesized employing a co-condensation approach with the rather large micellar template cetyltrimethylammonium p-toluenesulfonate (CTATos). Due to the azide functionality, the LP-MSNs are suitable for bio-orthogonal click chemistry reactions within the porous network. Two different acetylene-functionalized enzymes (sp-carbonic anhydrase (CA) and sp-horseradish peroxidase (HRP)) were immobilized in the pores of the obtained LP-MSNs by a copper-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. The covalent attachment of the enzymes within the mesopores allowed us to investigate the catalytic performance of the enzyme-silica systems. The enzymes are stable after bioconjugation with the silica support and show high catalytic activity over several cycles for the colorimetric reaction of guaiacol (2-methoxyphenol) in case of LP-MSN-HRP and the hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl acetate (NPA) by LP-MSN-CA.
- G??l, Dorothée,Singer, Helena,Chiu, Hsin-Yi,Schmidt, Alexandra,Lichtnecker, Martina,Engelke, Hanna,Bein, Thomas
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- An original "click and bind" approach for immobilizing copper hexacyanoferrate nanoparticles on mesoporous silica
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We present an original approach for preparing silica-based nanocomposites containing Prussian blue-type nanoparticles via click chemistry. Click reaction is used to prepare a triazole-copper complex in a single step; this complex is subsequently used to anchor copper hexacyanoferrate nanoparticles within a porous silica matrix (porous glass pearls or SBA-15). This CuAAC "click reaction" was performed using a relatively large copper concentration for two reasons: First, the Cu catalyzes the triazole ring formation, then the ring acts as a chelator, immobilizing the copper inside the silica matrix. Successively adding hexacyanoferrate precursors that coordinate with the copper ions at the triazole sites led to efficient and selective nanocomposite formation; this material was developed to mitigate Cs+ ion contamination. The efficiency of these as-prepared nanocomposites and their selectivity for Cs+ from different effluents, such as pure water, seawater, and radioactive seawater (simulating the Fukushima site), were evaluated using sorption experiments. These immobilized nanocomposites present a high Cs+ selectivity while demonstrating a Kd value above that of the bulk material.
- Turgis, Raphael,Arrachart, Guilhem,Delchet, Carole,Rey, Cyrielle,Barre, Yves,Pellet-Rostaing, Stephane,Guari, Yannick,Larionova, Joulia,Grandjean, Agnes
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- Synthesis, characterization and structural aspects of 3- azidopropylsilatrane
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Reaction of 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane (1) with sodium azide (2) in the presence of phase transfer catalyst, tert-butylammonium bromide provided 3-azidopropyltriethoxysilane (3). This undergoes transesterification reaction with triethanolamine in the presence of KOH to form a new silatrane 3-azidopropylsilatrane (4). Multinuclear NMR (1H, 13C and 29Si), IR and elemental analyses support the structure of novel silatrane 4. 29Si NMR indicates the presence of penta-coordinated silicon atom, which is supported by X-ray studies. It revealed that Si is present in distorted trigonal bipyramidal environment with three O atoms in equatorial positions and N atom at one of the apical positions. The second axial position is occupied by long alkyl chain bearing azide moiety. The interaction of Si with N forms a transannular bond having 2.176 ? bond length.
- Singh, Raghubir,Puri, Jugal Kishore,Pal Sharma, Raj,Kumar Malik, Ashok,Ferretti, Valeria
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- Click chemistry: A new facile and efficient strategy for preparation of functionalized HPLC packings
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Click chemistry has been successfully extended into the field of preparation of functionalized HPLC packings, proving a novel facile and efficient strategy for covalently bonding stationary phases onto HPLC grade silica beads; the potential has been demonstrated by the preparation of "Click I-IV" columns and preliminary results in the separation of sugars. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2006.
- Guo, Zhimou,Lei, Aiwen,Liang, Xinmiao,Xu, Qing
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- CB[8]-based rotaxane as a useful platform for sensitive detection and discrimination of explosives
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Based on a naphthalene-threaded cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) rotaxane structure on a solid substrate, a new strategy for rapid, fully reversible, and highly sensitive detection of a broad class of explosives was developed by using one receptor. Due to the unique confinement effect and size exclusion of the CB[8] cavity, it is found that the intercalation of an explosive compound in the constructed rotaxane can significantly influence the photophysical property of the naphthalene core in the confined nanocavity of CB[8]. Dependent on the electronic structures and the sizes of explosive compounds, the fluorescence of the naphthalene core would be quenched or enhanced to different extents, leading to the direct detection and discrimination of distinctively different groups of trace explosives in the vapor phase, especially including the challenging aliphatic nitro-organics (RDX, HMX and PETN). Control experiments were performed to show the different sensing behaviors between the common organic vapors and nitrate-based explosives, which made it easy to realize the discrimination between target analytes and interferents. Due to the surface-attached sensing elements, a rapid response was also achieved in this system. Moreover, the non-covalent nature of the resulting heteroternary complex indicates that the trapped target molecules in the rotaxane structure are facilely removable by simply washing, demonstrating an excellent regeneration of the constructed explosive sensors for real-world application. The performed experiments suggested that the rotaxane structure-based sensing protocol opened a new way to develop a new kind of explosive sensors enabling a richer identification of threats.
- Zhu, Wei,Li, Weina,Wang, Chen,Cui, Jiecheng,Yang, Haowei,Jiang, Yin,Li, Guangtao
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- A new heterogeneous host-guest catalytic system as an eco-friendly approach for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from CO2 and epoxides
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Two strategies have been explored towards the heterogenization of a host-guest catalytic system where either cavitand host [3iPO] or quaternary ammonium catalysts are grafted on silica supports. The bis-propargyl substituted triphosphonate cavitand [3iPO] was clicked onto an azido functionalized ultra-large pore SBA-15 type silica (UL-SBA-15). Ammonium hybrid materials were produced by grafting a propyltrimethylammonium chloride silane precursor onto silicas of varying porosities and textural properties (UL-SBA-15, SBA-15 and SiO2). Extensive characterization of each material is presented (XRD, N2 sorption, TGA, solid state NMR, elemental analyses, FT-IR). The effect of heterogenization was investigated in the coupling of CO2 with styrene oxide and was compared to all-soluble cavitand/ammonium homogeneous analogs.
- Mirabaud, Ana?s,Martinez, Alexandre,Bayard, Fran?ois,Dutasta, Jean-Pierre,Dufaud, Véronique
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- Synthesis of glyco-silicas by Cu(I)-catalyzed "click-chemistry" and their applications in affinity chromatography
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The covalent immobilization of suitable alkyne/azide carbohydrate derivatives on complementarily functionalizated azide/alkyne silica was performed by click ligation througth the Cu(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of such compounds. The new glyco-silicas have shown to be efficient and valuable bio-selective affinity Chromatographic supports for the purification of lectins as well as for the one-pot fluorescent labeling of those proteins. The synthetic methodology is simple, high yielding and flexible, allowing the preparation of tailored glyco-silicas with potential future applications in the inmobilization of other biomolecules.
- Ortega-Munoz, Mariano,Lopez-Jaramillo, Javier,Hernandez-Mateo, Fernando,Santoyo-Gonzalez, Francisco
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- Hg2+ wettability and fluorescence dual-signal responsive switch based on a cysteine complex of piperidine-calix[4]arene
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The recognition of the mercury(ii) ion (Hg2+) is essential because of its extreme toxicity in the environment and food. Hence we reported a novel cysteine (Cys) complex of piperidine-calix[4]arene (L) as a convenient and effective dual-signal responsive switch for Hg2+. This switch system exhibited excellent selectivity toward Hg2+ by fluorescence (FL), 1H NMR spectroscopy and the atomic force microscopy (AFM). More importantly, the Hg2+-responsive switch had an important and potential application by water contact angle (CA) on a functional micro-nano silicon surface, including intelligent microfluidic and laboratory-on-chip devices, controllable drug delivery, and self-cleaning surfaces.
- Zhang, Xiaoyan,Zhao, Haiyang,Cao, Xianliang,Feng, Ningmei,Tian, Demei,Li, Haibing
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- Triazole/Triazine-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica As a Hybrid Material Support for Palladium Nanocatalyst
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Noble and precious metal catalysts are sought for their remarkable efficiency in catalyzing numerous reactions in heterogeneous phase. However, they are costly and require the development of high-surface-area supports that favor their strong immobilization, dispersion, and stability. Toward this end, mesoporous silica-based materials can be regarded as unique supports for nanometric-sized noble metal catalysts provided they are functionalized with appropriate ligands. In this work, mesoporous silica SBA-15 was prepared and modified with 3-azidopropyltriethoxysilane and then clicked with alkyne derivatives of 1,3,5-triazine complex ligand. The resulting hybrid material contains triazole and triazine moieties covalently bound to the mesoporous silica network. The triazole/triazine minidendron was immobilized through a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition click reaction, which was monitored by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The heterocyclic ligand-functionalized SBA-15 material served as a hybrid reactive platform for in situ deposition of palladium nanoparticles whose size is 3.154 ± 0.49 nm as assessed by X-ray diffraction and confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The catalytic performance of the final palladium-decorated hybrid triazole/triazine-functionalized SBA-15 support was evaluated in the model reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol by catalytic hydrogenation and stoichiometric reduction. Excellent catalytic performances were achieved, with reduction rate constant (Kapp) of 16.8 × 10-3 s-1 for this model reaction. Moreover, the hybrid catalyst can be produced in high yield and recycled.
- Saad, Ali,Vard, Christian,Abderrabba, Manef,Chehimi, Mohamed M.
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- Facile route to functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles by click chemistry
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Mesoporous silica nanoparticles containing clickable functions (azide or alkyne, 1 or 10 mol%) were synthesized by the sol-gel method directly from molecular precursors using CTAB as structure directing agent. Their structures were discussed on the basis of TEM, DLS, SAXS, N2-sorption analyses, FTIR, Raman and elemental analysis. The success of their functionalization by pyrene derivatives using CuAAC reactions opens new perspectives in the synthesis of functional MSNs for applications as nanomachines.
- Moitra, Nirmalya,Trens, Philippe,Raehm, Laurence,Durand, Jean-Olivier,Cattoen, Xavier,Chi Man, Michel Wong
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- First report of silver ion recognition via a silatrane-based receptor: excellent selectivity, low detection limit and good applicability
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The development of selective and sensitive complex molecular systems for the detection of Ag+ ions is of great importance because the extensive use of the toxic silver containing materials has adverse effects on the human health and the environment. Here, we report a new chemosensor for silver ion recognition in aqueous solutions, which was constructed by integrating three moieties: silatrane, 1,2,3-triazole and barbituric acid, using Knoevenagel condensation and Cu(i) catalyzed [2+3] azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction. The sensing assay based on silatrane exhibited high selectivity and high specificity towards silver ions. Overall, the results show that this strategy to develop new functional materials can be employed for the efficient sensing of Ag+ ions. Further, the benefit of the existence of silicon in the receptor lies in the extension of this molecular system in the field of nanochemistry, where silica-based nanomaterials can have more significant outcomes. Moreover, the ion detection ability in aqueous solution makes the sensor suitable to be employed for detection in real samples.
- Singh, Gurjaspreet,Singh, Akshpreet,Satija, Pinky,Sharma, Geetika,Shilpy,Singh, Jandeep,Singh, Jasbhinder,Singh, Kamal Nain,Kaur, Amarjit
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- Fabrication of functional waterborne polyurethane/montmorillonite composites by click chemistry method
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"Click" chemistry method was used to fabricate novel waterborne polyurethane (WPU)/montmorillonite (MMT) composites based on alkyne-containing WPU and azide-modified montmorillonite. The morphology of these composites was characterized by x-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope. The mechanical properties, thermal stability, and flame resistance of the composites were investigated by tensile, thermogravimetry and cone calorimetric experiments, etc. The experimental results show that the tensile strength, water resistance and flame retardancy of the WPU/MMT composites have been reinforced efficiently owing to the linking of MMT by click reaction.
- Sun, Daoxing,Li, Rong,Li, Xingjian,Wang, Wenjuan,Hu, Jing
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- Facile syntheses of alkoxysilanated phosphorylcholines as surface modifiers: CuAAC and thiol-ene "click" reactions
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Eight alkoxysilanated phosphorylcholine (PC) compounds were synthesized from CuAAC (copper-catalyzed azide/alkyne cycloaddition) and thiol-ene "click" reactions. This methodology will provide simple and efficient routes for the synthesis of alkoxysilanated PC modifiers. To demonstrate modification ability of these products, they were implanted onto silica beads, and the loading rates were quantified.
- Liu, Lei,Park, Sung Jin,Park, Ji-Hyun,Lee, Myong Euy
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- Designing of thiosemicarbazone-triazole linked organotriethoxysilane as UV-Visible and fluorescence sensor for the selective detection of Hg2+ ions and their cytotoxic evaluation
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In this manuscript, a new series of thiosemicarbazone-triazole linked organotriethoxysilanes (6a-6 g) have been synthesized using Cu (I) catalyzed click reaction and characterized by spectroscopic techniques including IR, 1H and 13C NMR, TGA and ESI-QTOF mass spectrometry. The compound 6a was screened for its photophysical properties using UV-Visible and fluorescence spectroscopy which showed the selective detection of Hg2+ ion without any significant interference from different metal cations. The chemosensor 6a binds in 1:1 stoichiometry with Hg2+ confirmed by Job's-plot and with high binding affinity as determined from association constant values 0.3747 × 106 M?1 and 0.3134 × 107 M?1 obtained from BH-plot and Stern-Volmer plot respectively. The LOD values for Hg2+ obtained from absorption and emission spectroscopy were 0.3122 × 10?6 M and 0.3928 × 10?7 M respectively. The binding interactions between 6a and Hg2+ion were also examined by conducting DFT calculations on Gaussian 03 software. Furthermore, all the synthesized organosilanes were tested for their use in the biological field by evaluating their pharmacokinetic profile and cytotoxicity using PreADMET, molinspiration software and PLHC-1 cell line. The chemosensor 6a with lowest cytotoxicity could be applied to monitor Hg2+ ions in living cells.
- Angeles Esteban, Maria,Diksha,Espinosa-Ruíz, Cristóbal,González-Silvera, D.,Gupta, Sofia,Mohit,Priyanka,Singh, Gurjaspreet,Sushma
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- Heterogeneous Fe3O4@Si–NHC–Pd Catalyst: Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Activity in the Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction under Mild Conditions
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Abstract: A novel Fe3O4@Si–NHC–Pd catalystwith N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) moiety as an alternative ligand tophosphines for metal complexes has been synthesized and characterized by variousmethods. Synthesis of metal nanoparticles has been accomplished withoutaggregation, and the prepared catalyst has been applied in theSuzuki–Miyauracross-coupling reaction of boronic acids and aryl halides in water usingEt3N as a base. The catalyst has demonstrated highefficiency at room temperature and can be easily removed from the reaction mediausing an external magnetic field and recycled at least five times withoutsignificant decrease of its activity.
- Kalishomi, R. Ghavidel,Rostamizadeh, S.
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p. 1140 - 1146
(2021/08/06)
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- Multi-stimuli Photo and Redox-active Nanostructured Mesoporous Silica Films on Transparent Electrodes
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Silica matrices hosting transition metal guest complexes may offer remarkable platforms for the development of advanced functional devices. We report here the elaboration of ordered and vertically oriented mesoporous silica thin films containing covalently attached tris(bipyridine)iron derivatives using a combination of electrochemically assisted self-assembly (EASA) method and Huisgen cycloaddition reaction. Such a versatile approach is primarily used to bind nitrogen-based chelating ligands such as (4-[(2-propyn-1-yloxy)]4’-methyl-2,2’-bypiridine, bpy’) inside the nanochannels. Further derivatization of the bpy’-functionalized silica thin films is then achieved via a subsequent in-situ complexation step to generate [Fe(bpy)2(bpy’)]2+ inside the mesopore channels. After giving spectroscopic evidences for the presence of such complexes in the functionalized film, electrochemistry is used to transform the confined diamagnetic (S=0) (Formula presented.) species to paramagnetic (S=1/2) oxidized (Formula presented.) species in a reversible way, while blue light irradiation (λ=470 nm) enables populating the short-lived paramagnetic (S=2) (Formula presented.) excited state. [Fe(bpy)2(bpy’)]2+-functionalized ordered films are therefore both electro- and photo-active through the manipulation of the oxidation state and spin state of the confined complexes, paving the way for their integration in optoelectronic devices.
- Ahoulou, Samuel,Vilà, Neus,Pillet, Sébastien,Carteret, Cédric,Schaniel, Dominik,Walcarius, Alain
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p. 2464 - 2477
(2021/10/30)
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- LIGHT TRIGGERABLE GENE EDITING FORMULATION, IN VIVO EDITING METHOD, AND USES THEREOF
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The disclosure comprises a formulation comprising a gene edition enzyme, upconversion nanoparticles, which convert near-infrared light into visible light; at least one photo-cleavable linker and immobilized hydroxychloroquine at the surface of the upconve
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Paragraph 0084
(2020/12/07)
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- A strategic approach to the synthesis of ferrocene appended chalcone linked triazole allied organosilatranes: Antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic and antioxidant studies
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A series of ferrocene appended chalcone allied triazole coupled organosilatranes (FCTSa 7–FCTSa 12) were synthesised with the aim of amalgamating the pharmacological action of the constituting moieties into a single molecular scaffold. All the synthesised
- Singh, Gurjaspreet,Arora, Aanchal,Kalra, Pooja,Maurya, Indresh Kumar,Ruizc, Cristobal Espinosa,Estebanc, M. Angeles,Sinha, Shweta,Goyal, Kapil,Sehgal, Rakesh
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supporting information
p. 188 - 195
(2018/12/11)
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- Rhodamine-triazole Functionalized Fe3O4@SiO2 Nanoparticles as Fluorescent Sensors for Heavy Metal Ions
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Rhodamine-triazole sensor functionalized Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles were developed for the detection of heavy metal ions, namely Cu2+, Ni2+, Hg2+, Co2+, Fe3+, and Pb2+. Rhodamine conjugated with a triazole moiety (RBT) was utilized as the metal ion binding site. The RBT-Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles were fully characterized by XRD, FTIR, TGA, SEM and TEM techniques. Additionally, RBT-functionalized Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles can be separated from aqueous phase by application of an external magnet, leading to clear naked-eye observation of the color changes and fluorescence enhancement. From UV-Vis absorption spectra, aqueous solutions of RBT-Fe3O4@SiO2 in the presence of heavy metal ions show an absorption peak at 554 nm. Fluorescence titration experiments reveal that the intensity of the fluorescence emission band at 574 nm is linearly dependent on Cu2+ concentration over a 100-800 μM range. Furthermore, complexation of Cu2+ by RBT-Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles can induce ring-opening of the rhodamine spirolactam ring followed by hydrolysis, confirmed by mass spectrometry.
- Wechakorn, Kanokorn,Chanpanich, Pairsunan,Kamkalong, Pimfa,Anantachisilp, Suranan
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p. 1054 - 1061
(2019/07/12)
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- Magnetite tethered mesoionic carbene-palladium (II): An efficient and reusable nanomagnetic catalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura and Mizoroki-Heck cross-coupling reactions in aqueous medium
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In this paper, a highly active, air- and moisture-stable and easily recoverable magnetic nanoparticles tethered mesoionic carbene palladium (II) complex (MNPs-MIC-Pd) as nanomagnetic catalyst was successfully synthesized by a simplistic multistep synthesis under aerobic conditions using commercially available inexpensive chemicals for the first time. The synthesized MNPs-MIC-Pd nanomagnetic catalyst was in-depth characterized by numerous physicochemical techniques such as FT-IR, ICP-AES, FESEM, EDS, TEM, p-XRD, XPS, TGA and BET surface area analysis. The prepared MNPs-MIC-Pd nanomagnetic catalyst was used to catalyze the Suzuki–Miyaura and Mizoroki–Heck cross-coupling reactions and exhibited excellent catalytic activity for various substrates under mild reaction conditions. Moreover, MNPs-MIC-Pd nanomagnetic catalyst could be easily and rapidly recovered by applying an external magnet. The recovered MNPs-MIC-Pd nanomagnetic catalyst exhibited very good catalytic activity up to ten times in Suzuki–Miyaura and five times in Mizoroki–Heck cross-coupling reactions without considerable loss of its catalytic activity. However, MNPs-MIC-Pd nanomagnetic catalyst shows notable advantages such as heterogeneous nature, efficient catalytic activity, mild reaction conditions, easy magnetic work up and recyclability.
- Kempasiddhaiah, Manjunatha,Kandathil, Vishal,Dateer, Ramesh B.,Sasidhar, Balappa S.,Patil, Shivaputra A.,Patil, Siddappa A.
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- An expedient ‘click’ approach for the synthetic evaluation of ester-triazole-tethered organosilica conjugates
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The present work articulates the synthesis of a new series of organo-functionalized triethoxysilanes derived from versatile carboxylic acids and 3-azidopropyltriethoxysilane in excellent yields. A proficient and convenient route implicating the Cu(I)-catalysed 1,3-cycloaddition of organic azide with terminal alkynes, labelled as click silylation, has been developed for the generation of ester-triazole-linked alkoxysilanyl scaffolds (4a–f). All the synthesized compounds have been thoroughly characterized using elemental analysis and Fourier transform infrared, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopic techniques. Importantly, the fabricated alkoxysilanes are potentially amenable for an in situ sol–gel condensation reaction with silica nanospheres leading to the incorporation of organic functionality via covalent grafting onto the nanostructured particle system. As a proof of concept, a one-pot preparation of organic–inorganic hybrid nanoparticles is presented using bis-silane 4?f. The efficiency and selectivity of the prepared nanocomposite towards metal ions is highlighted using adsorption experiments, and the immobilized nanoparticles present a high sensing efficiency towards Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions while demonstrating better response than that of the bulk material.
- Singh, Gurjaspreet,Rani, Sunita
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- Click Chemistry-Assisted Synthesis of a β- D -Galactose-Targeted SiO2@RC Shell-Core Structure as a Nanoplatform for Metal-Based Complex Delivery
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A facile reversed-phase microemulsion method was used to synthesize shell-core nanospheres of SiO2@RCs (SiO2-encapsuled rare-earth metal complexes). β-d-Galactose was then grafted onto the surfaces of the nanospheres through the copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition click reaction for targeted delivery. The chemical characteristics and surface profiles of the nanocarriers were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. A high-efficiency microwave synthesis method was applied to prepare five complex cores by the reaction of different rare-earth metal salts with two isomeric ligands, o-CPA (2-chlorophenoxyacetic acid) and m-CPA (3-chlorophenoxyacetic acid). The crystal structures of the five synthesized RC cores were confirmed through X-ray diffraction, which revealed the formulas of five RCs, [Dy(o-CPA)3(H2O)]·H2O RC1, [Ho(o-CPA)3(H2O)]·H2O RC2, 2[Er(m-CPA)3(H2O)]·3H2O RC3, 2[Gd(m-CPA)3(H2O)]·3H2O RC4, and [Ce2(m-CPA)6(H2O)3]·2H2O RC5. An in vitro cell study revealed that all RCs exhibited certain anticancer activities. RC2, in particular, showed the strongest cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells. The enhanced cell permeability and drug retention considerably improved the cytotoxicity of all SiO2@RC2-gal relative to that of RC2. The selective uptake of the β-d-galactose-conjugated nanospheres by HepG2 cells through mechanisms mediated by cell surface receptors resulted in fewer side effects on extrahepatic tissues. Our contribution provides a novel design concept of a target SiO2@RCs-gal nanocarrier for delivering affordable antitumor complexes in cancer therapy.
- Xu, Xiuling,Hu, Fan,Shuai, Qi
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supporting information
p. 10694 - 10701
(2018/09/13)
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- Naphthalimide-based fluorescent nanoprobes for the detection of saccharides
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Three kinds of fluorescent nano probes SN-A, SN-B and SN-C, based on the photo-induced electron transfer mechanism, were synthesized for the detection of saccharides, in which small fluorescent probes with 1,8-naphthalimide as the fluorophore and phenylboronic acid as the receptor were covalently bound to SiO2 nanoparticles. The fluorescent nano particles were characterized by TEM, IR, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectra. The results showed that the particle diameter exerted a significant influence on the performance of the nanoprobes; however, the length of the linker affected the spectral response to a much lesser extent. The fluorescence intensity at 530 nm (I530) of SN-B exhibited a good linear relationship with the fructose/sorbitol concentration and was employed in the detection of the fructose content in drinks.
- Qiao, Zichun,Chen, Zhaoyang,Zhang, Shuo,Cui, Zepeng,Xu, Zhuoran,Zhang, Weibing,Qian, Junhong
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p. 16428 - 16435
(2018/10/24)
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- A bioinspired heterogeneous catalyst based on the model of the manganese-dependent dioxygenase for selective oxidation using dioxygen
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A hybrid bioinspired material with manganese(ii) complexes grafted on the surface of a mesostructured porous silica is investigated. The Mn sites mimic the manganese-dependent dioxygenase (MndD), which is an enzyme that catalyses the oxidation of catechol derivatives. The metal complexes were introduced in the silica using a dinuclear complex [Mn2L2(Cl)2(μ-Cl)2] as a precursor with a clickable ligand N,N′-bis[(pyridin-2-yl)methyl]prop-2-yn-1-amine (L). Azide moieties covalently grafted on MCM-41 type mesoporous silica were utilised to anchor the manganese complex through Huisgen cycloaddition using CuBr(PPh3)3 as a catalyst. A second functional group-trimethylsilyl or pyridine—was grafted on the silica to bring, together with nanopore size confinement, a similar metal environment as in MndD. The mesostructure of the materials was maintained after incorporation of the Mn complex. Catalytic oxidation of 3,5-di-t-butyl-catechol (3,5-DTBC) into quinone occurred without the need of an additional base when the metal complex was confined in the porous solid. In comparision, the oxidation of 4-t-butyl-catechol (4-TBC) that always required a basic media led to a total oxidation into the ortho-quinone, contrary to the molecular analogue.
- Chaignon, Jérémy,Gourgues, Marie,Khrouz, Lhoussain,Moliner, Nicolás,Bonneviot, Laurent,Fache, Fabienne,Castro, Isabel,Albela, Belén
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p. 17336 - 17345
(2017/03/29)
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- Magnetic nanoparticle-supported tetrazole-functionalized palladium catalyst: synthesis, DFT study and application for Sonogashira and Heck cross-coupling reactions
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Abstract: A novel magnetic catalyst-immobilized nano-palladium was efficiently prepared via a (2?+?3) cycloaddition pathway and characterized with different analyses, including FT-IR, FE-SEM, EDS, XRD, TEM and VSM methods. Also, topological and NBO analysis of a simple model of the catalyst with the M06/6-311?g(d,p)-LANL2DZ model chemistry have been introduced. In addition, the catalytic pursuit of this novel magnetic nanocatalyst was successfully evaluated in Sonogashira and Heck cross-coupling reactions. Furthermore, the catalyst could be easily separated by a conventional method using a permanent magnet and reused repeatedly in the model reaction without noteworthy loss of its catalytic activity.
- Elhampour, Ali,Nemati, Firouzeh,Nahzomi, Hossein Taherpour,Mohagheghi, Vahid
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p. 6737 - 6761
(2017/10/06)
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- A new magnetic nanoparticle-supported Schiff base complex of manganese: An efficient and recyclable catalyst for selective oxidation of alcohols
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A new magnetic nanoparticle-supported Schiff base complex of manganese was prepared via the copper-catalyzed 'click' reaction of an aminosalicylidene manganese complex bearing terminal alkynyl with azide-functionalized shell-core magnetic nanoparticles. T
- Zhou, Qiangfei,Wan, Zijuan,Yuan, Xiaofeng,Luo, Jun
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p. 215 - 220
(2016/04/05)
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- Synthesis and optical properties of covalently bound Nile Red in mesoporous silica hybrids-comparison of dye distribution of materials prepared by facile grafting and by co-condensation routes
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The fluorescence dye Nile Red (NR) can be covalently ligated to hexagonally ordered, mesoporous silica materials (MCM-41) via co-condensation and post grafting routes in order to investigate possible differences in the dye distributions. The obtained hybr
- B?rgardts, Markus,Verlinden, Kathrin,Neidhardt, Manuel,W?hrle, Tobias,Herbst, Annika,Laschat, Sabine,Janiak, Christoph,Müller, Thomas J. J.
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p. 6209 - 6222
(2016/02/03)
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of chalconyl blended triazole allied organosilatranes as giardicidal and trichomonacidal agents
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A series of chalconyl blended triazole allied silatranes (7a-g/8a-g/9a-g) were synthesized in good yields using a simple, economical and biocompatible synthetic route. The blend of three different pharmacologically active moieties into a single scaffold r
- Singh, Gurjaspreet,Arora, Aanchal,Mangat, Satinderpal Singh,Rani, Sunita,Kaur, Hargobinder,Goyal, Kapil,Sehgal, Rakesh,Maurya, Indresh Kumar,Tewari, Rupinder,Choquesillo-Lazarte, Duane,Sahoo, Subash,Kaur, Navneet
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p. 287 - 300
(2015/12/23)
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- Heteroaryl chalcone allied triazole conjugated organosilatranes: Synthesis, spectral analysis, antimicrobial screening, photophysical and theoretical investigations
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A series of heteroaryl tethered triazole conjoined organosilatranes were synthesized following an archetypal click reaction. The reaction sequence follows the initial generation of acetylinic Schiff bases (3a-3c, 4a-4c) which undergo 3 + 2 cycloaddition w
- Singh, Gurjaspreet,Arora, Aanchal,Rani, Sunita,Maurya, Indresh Kumar,Aulakh, Darpandeep,Wriedt, Mario
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p. 82057 - 82081
(2016/09/09)
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- Synthetic investigations and photo-physical properties of 1,2,3-triazole encapped chalconyl substituted organotriethoxysilanes
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Organotriethoxysilanes (OTES) play an impressive role in the designing of organic-inorganic hybrid materials. The highly efficient copper catalysed 'Click Silylation' is followed for the functionalization of 3-azidopropyltriethoxysilane (AzPTES) with a se
- Singh, Gurjaspreet,Arora, Aanchal,Mangat, Satinderpal Singh,Singh, Jandeep,Rani, Sunita,Kaur, Navneet
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supporting information
p. 6 - 15
(2015/01/09)
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- Silane meets click chemistry: Towards the functionalization of wet bacterial cellulose sheets
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The modification of cellulosic materials is of great interest in materials research. Wet bacterial cellulose sheets were modified by an alkoxysilane under mild conditions to make them accessible to click chemistry derivatization. For this purpose (3-azido
- Hettegger, Hubert,Sumerskii, Ivan,Sortino, Salvatore,Potthast, Antje,Rosenau, Thomas
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p. 680 - 687
(2015/03/04)
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- Synthesis of polyfunctional triethoxysilanes by 'click silylation'
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The copper-catalyzed 'click silylation' has been exploited for the chemical modification of γ-azidopropyltriethoxysilane (AzPTES) with a wide range of terminal alkynes (1a-1v) in a one-pot operation. The novel 1,2,3-triazole-triethoxysilane derivatives (2a-2v) were synthesized by this procedure and comprehensively characterized by IR spectra, 1H and 13C NMR, and HRMS studies.
- Singh, Gurjaspreet,Mangat, Satinderpal Singh,Singh, Jandeep,Arora, Aanchal,Sharma, Ramesh K.
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supporting information
p. 903 - 909
(2015/03/03)
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- Immobilization of a N-substituted azaphosphatrane in nanopores of SBA-15 silica for the production of cyclic carbonates
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A novel N-substituted azaphosphatrane molecular precursor bearing an alkyne tether was synthesized using a multi-step strategy and covalently immobilized onto SBA-15 type silica through triazole linkages by means of the well-known click chemistry. The resulting hybrid material, [7]@SBA-15, was characterized well by methods appropriate to molecular species (e.g. solid state 13C, 31P and 29Si NMR, infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis) as well as techniques more commonly associated with the characterization of mesoporous solids (nitrogen sorption isotherms, powder X-ray diffraction, TGA analysis). The catalytic activity of [7]@SBA-15 was then evaluated in the coupling of CO2 with two epoxides (styrene oxide and epichlorohydrin) and compared to its monotriazole modified AZAP molecular analog, 8. This work represents the first example of silica modified N-substituted azaphosphatrane for the production of cyclic carbonates. This journal is the Partner Organisations 2014.
- Chatelet, Bastien,Joucla, Lionel,Dutasta, Jean-Pierre,Martinez, Alexandre,Dufaud, Veronique
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p. 14164 - 14172
(2014/08/18)
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- DIHYDROPYRROLONES AND THEIR USE AS ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
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The present invention relates generally to antimicrobial dihydropyrrolone compounds, methods for their use and methods for preparing surfaces to which the dihydropyrrolone compounds are attached.
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Page/Page column 31; 32
(2014/12/12)
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- Synthesis of polyfunctional triethoxysilanes by 'click silylation'
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The copper-catalyzed 'click silylation' has been exploited for the chemical modification of γ-azidopropyltriethoxysilane (AzPTES) with a wide range of terminal alkynes (1a-1v) in a one-pot operation. The novel 1,2,3-triazole-triethoxysilane derivatives (2a-2v) were synthesized by this procedure and comprehensively characterized by IR spectra, 1H and 13C NMR, and HRMS studies.
- Singh, Gurjaspreet,Mangat, Satinderpal Singh,Singh, Jandeep,Arora, Aanchal,Sharma, Ramesh K.
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p. 903 - 909
(2014/02/14)
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- Three-step pathway towards bis(1,2,3-triazolyl-γ-propylsilatranes) as Cu2+ fluorescent sensor, via 'Click Silylation'
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A series of substituted aniline derivatized bis(1,2,3-triazolyl-γ- propylsilatranes) 3a-3f were designed in good yield from their triethoxysilane analogues via Cu(I) 'Click Silylation'. All the silatranes 3a-3f were characterized by IR, NMR (1H, 13C) and HRMS studies. All these compounds were explored for their thermal stability by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)/differential thermal analysis (DTA)/differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) study and electronic properties by UV-vis spectroscopy and fluorescence study. The binding of silatranes 3a-3f to Cu2+ ion proves them to be good chemosensor. These silatranes were subjected to time dependent hydrolysis under normal atmospheric conditions. IR spectroscopic data support hydrolytic instability of 3a, 3c and 3e.
- Singh, Gurjaspreet,Singh, Jandeep,Mangat, Satinderpal Singh,Arora, Aanchal
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supporting information
p. 2551 - 2558
(2014/05/06)
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- Stereoselective Diels-Alder reactions promoted under continuous-flow conditions by silica-supported chiral organocatalysts
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Silica nanoparticles of different morphological properties were functionalized with enantiomerically pure imidazolidinones, through different immobilization techniques; stainless-steel columns were then loaded with silica bearing chiral organocatalysts to
- Porta, Riccardo,Benaglia, Maurizio,Chiroli, Valerio,Coccia, Francesca,Puglisi, Alessandra
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p. 381 - 394
(2014/05/06)
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- A photoresponsive wettability switch based on a dimethylamino calix[4]arene
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A photoreversible switch based on a photoresponsive host-guest system consisting of dimethylamino calix[4]arene L and 4-(phenylazo)benzoic acid (O) is reported. The host L exhibited selective binding and release of O on UV and visible irradiation at 450 and 365 nm, respectively. Moreover, the photoresponsive host-guest complex was applied as a photocontrolled wettability switch on a functional micro/nanostructured silicon surface, and is thus promising for applications in sensors and microfluidic devices. Photoreversible switching of the host-guest system of dimethylamino calix[4]arene (L) and 4-(phenylazo)benzoic acid (O) is reported. Host L exhibited selective binding and release of O under UV and visible irradiation at 450 and 365 nm, respectively. Moreover, the L?O complex was applied as a photocontrolled wettability switch on a functional micro/nanostructured silicon surface with reversible switching between hydrophilic and hydrophobic states (see figure).
- Zhang, Xiaoyan,Zhao, Haiyang,Tian, Demei,Deng, Hongtao,Li, Haibing
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supporting information
p. 9367 - 9371
(2014/08/05)
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- Chiral hybrid inorganic-organic materials: Synthesis, characterization, and application in stereoselective organocatalytic cycloadditions
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The synthesis of chiral imidazolidinones on mesoporous silica nanoparticles, exploiting two different anchoring sites and two different linkers, is reported. Catalysts 1-4 were prepared starting from l-phenylalanine or l-tyrosine methyl esters and support
- Puglisi, Alessandra,Benaglia, Maurizio,Annunziata, Rita,Chiroli, Valerio,Porta, Riccardo,Gervasini, Antonella
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p. 11326 - 11334
(2013/12/04)
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- "Click" magnetic nanoparticle-supported palladium catalyst: A phosphine-free, highly efficient and magnetically recoverable catalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions
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A novel magnetic nanoparticle-supported nano-palladium catalyst was successfully prepared via a "click" route. The as-prepared catalyst was well characterized and evaluated in Suzuki-Miyaura coupling in terms of activity and recyclability in aqueous ethanol. It was found to be highly efficient for the reactions of various aryl bromides with arylboronic acids under phosphine-free and low Pd loading (0.2 mol%) conditions. Moreover, the catalyst could be easily separated from the reaction system by an external magnet and reused several times without a remarkable loss of its activity. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013.
- Zhang, Qiang,Su, Hong,Luo, Jun,Wei, Yunyang
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p. 235 - 243
(2013/03/29)
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- Dual-functional click-triazole: A metal chelator and immobilization linker for the construction of a heterogeneous palladium catalyst and its application for the aerobic oxidation of alcohols
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A novel SBA-15 supported catalyst PdLn@SBA-15 containing a 2-pyridyl-1,2,3-triazole ligand framework was prepared via a "click" route, in which the click-triazole acted as both a stable linker and a good chelator. The catalyst was characterized and applied for the aerobic oxidation of alcohols, and the product was obtained in up to 98% yield.
- Zhang, Guofu,Wang, Yong,Wen, Xin,Ding, Chengrong,Li, Ying
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 2979 - 2981
(2012/04/04)
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- Discrete complexes immobilized onto click-SBA-15 silica: Controllable loadings and the impact of surface coverage on catalysis
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Azidopropyl functionalized mesoporous silica SBA-15 were prepared with variable azide loadings of 0.03-0.7 mmol g-1 (~2-50% of maximal surface coverage) through a direct synthesis, co-condensation approach. These materials are functionalized selectively with ethynylated organic moieties through a copper-catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) or "click" reaction. Specific loading within a material can be regulated by either the azide loading or limiting the alkyne reagent relative to the azide loading. The immobilization of ferrocene, pyrene, tris(pyridylmethyl)amine (TPA), and iron porphyrin (FeTPP) demonstrates the robust nature and reproducibility of this two-step synthetic attachment strategy. Loading-sensitive pyrene fluorescence correlates with a theoretically random surface distribution, rather than a uniform one; site-isolation of tethered moieties ~15 A in length occurs at loadings less than 0.02 mmol g -1. The effect of surface loading on reactivity is observed in the oxygenation of SBA-15-[CuI(TPA)]. SBA-15-[MnII(TPA)]- catalyzed epoxidation exhibits a systematic dependence on surface loading. A comparison of homogeneous, site-isolated and site-dense complexes provides insight into catalyst speciation and ligand activity.
- Nakazawa, Jun,Smith, Brian J.,Stack, T. Daniel P.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 2750 - 2759
(2012/03/22)
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- A new step towards solid base catalysis: Azidoproazaphosphatranes immobilized in nanopores of mesoporous silica
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Heterogeneous basic catalysts derived from proazaphosphatranes, known as Verkade's superbases, were prepared for the first time by covalent immobilization onto SBA-15 silica. In order to introduce the tether to the surface, three siloxane-containing azido derivatives of the proazaphosphatranes were first synthesized (2a-c) which after post-synthetic grafting onto silica support led to the formation of hybrid materials of different basicity and steric properties, 2a-c@SBA-15. These latter were fully characterized using a wide variety of molecular and solid-state techniques to determine their structural and textural properties. These new solid base catalysts were then evaluated in the Diels-Alder reactions of anthrone and 3-hydroxy-2-pyrone with two electron-deficient dienophiles, N-methylmaleimide and dimethyl fumarate. In general, high activity and selectivity were obtained depending on the catalytic species, the performance decreasing in the order methoxybenzyl>neopentyl> methyl azidophosphatrane. Catalyst recycling was studied for the best catalyst, the methoxybenzyl derivative, 2c@SBA-15, and it was shown that the catalyst could be re-used up to 3 cycles before any loss of activity could be detected. Copyright
- Raytchev, Pascal Dimitrov,Bendjeriou, Anissa,Dutasta, Jean-Pierre,Martinez, Alexandre,Dufaud, Veronique
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experimental part
p. 2067 - 2077
(2011/10/19)
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- Tin(IV) porphyrin functionalization of electrochemically active fluoride-doped tin-oxide (FTO) via Huisgen [3+2] click chemistry
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A novel tetra-alkyne terminated tin(IV) porphyrin 3 was synthesized in good yields and characterized using NMR spectroscopy, high resolution mass spectrometry and X-ray crystallography, the latter revealing interactions with hexane molecules that stabiliz
- Prasad, Shiva,Bhadbhade, Mohan,Thordarson, Pall
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experimental part
p. 75 - 82
(2012/03/10)
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- Surface-modified upconverting microparticles and nanoparticles for use in click chemistries
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A method is described for modifying the surface of upconverting microparticles (UCμPs) and nanoparticles (UCNPs) such that they become amenable to click chemistry. Respective reagents are presented and used in both kinds of particles, either directly or in combination with tetraethoxysilane. The particles also were labeled by using the click reaction, a) with fluorophores to yield materials that have emission colors that depend on the wavelength of excitation ; b) with maleinimido groups (so to obtain labels for thiols), and c)with biotin (to make them useful for affinity studies based on the biotin-streptavidin system). We believe that both the UCμPs and UCNPs have the potential of being used in numerous areas including upconversion imaging, biolabeling, and derivatization, but also in encoding and security.
- Mader, Heike S.,Link, Martin,Achatz, Daniela E.,Uhlmann, Katrin,Li, Xiaohua,Wolfbeis, Otto S.
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experimental part
p. 5416 - 5424
(2010/09/11)
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- "clickable" SBA-15 mesoporous materials: Synthesis, characterization and their reaction with alkynes
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SBA-15 mesoporous silica has been functionalized with azidopropyl groups through both one-pot co-condensation and post-synthetic grafting. For both these methodologies, azidopropyltriethoxysilane was used to introduce the azidopropyl groups. The azidopropyl modified SBA-15 material synthesized by one-pot co-condensation had hexagonal crystallographic order, pore diameters up of 50 A, and the content of azidopropyl groups was found to be 1.3 mmol g -1. The presence of the azidopropyl group was confirmed by multinuclear (13C, 29Si) solid state NMR and IR spectroscopy. Both these materials underwent very efficient Cu(I)-catalyzed azide alkyne "click" reaction (CuAAC) with a variety of alkynes. Nearly 85% of the azide present in the SBA-15 material was converted to the corresponding triazole when propargyl alcohol was used as the substrate. This methodology was also used to incorporate mannose into SBA-15. Incubation of this mannose labeled SBA-15 with fluorescein labeled Concanavalin-A led to the formation of a fluorescent silica-protein hybrid material. The ease of synthesis for the azide labeled SBA-15 material together with its ability to undergo very efficient chemoselective CuAAC in water would make it a very attractive platform for the development of covalently anchored catalysts, enzymes and sensors.
- Malvi, Bharmana,Sarkar, Bibhas R.,Pati, Debasis,Mathew, Renny,Ajithkumar,Sen Gupta, Sayam
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experimental part
p. 1409 - 1416
(2010/03/05)
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- Immobilization of dipyridyl complex to magnetic nanoparticle via click chemistry as a recyclable catalyst for Suzuki cross-coupling reactions
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A magnetic nanoparticle (MNP)-supported di(2-pyridyl)methanol palladium dichloride complex was prepared via click chemistry. The MNP-supported catalyst was evaluated in Suzuki coupling reaction in term of activity and recyclability in DMF. It was found to be highly efficient for Suzuki coupling reaction using aryl bromides as substrates and could be easily separated by an external magnet and reused in five consecutive runs without obvious loss of activity. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
- Lv, Guanghua,Mai, Wenpeng,Jin, Rizhe,Gao, Lianxun
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scheme or table
p. 1418 - 1422
(2009/04/06)
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- Controlled loadings in a mesoporous material: Click-on silica
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Hybrid mesoporous SBA-15 silicas were synthesized directly with variable alkylazide loading representing 2-50% surface coverage. These hybrid silica materials retain the favorable physical attributes of the parent SBA-15 materials and allow efficient covalent attachment of ethynylated organic moieties through a copper catalyzed 3 + 2 Huisgen cycloaddition reaction. Three distinctly different examples are provided demonstrating the efficiency and robust nature of this attachment synthetic strategy. The direct syntheses provide predefined loadings of randomly distributed organics within the materials, from site-dense to site-isolated. Such control over loadings along with simply implemented analytic procedures should facilitate the translation of homogeneous chemistries to heterogeneous supports. Copyright
- Nakazawa, Jun,Stack, T. Daniel P.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 14360 - 14361
(2009/02/08)
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- "Click saccharides": Novel separation materials for hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography
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Bonded mono-, di- and oligosaccharides were developed as novel separation materials for HILIC via click chemistry and proven to have excellent chromatographic properties for separation of polar compounds. The Royal Society of Chemistry.
- Guo, Zhimou,Lei, Aiwen,Zhang, Yongping,Xu, Qing,Xue, Xingya,Zhang, Feifang,Liang, Xinmiao
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p. 2491 - 2493
(2008/02/14)
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