The Hiyama Cross-Coupling Reaction at Parts Per Million Levels of Pd: In Situ Formation of Highly Active Spirosilicates in Glycol Solvents
A palladium NNC-pincer complex at a 5 mol ppm loading efficiently catalyzed the Hiyama coupling reaction of aryl bromides with aryl(trialkoxy)silanes in propylene glycol to give the corresponding biaryls in excellent yields. This method was applied to the syntheses of adapalene and a biaryl-type liquid-crystalline compound, as well as to the derivatization of dextromethorphan and norfloxacin. ESI-MS and NMR analyses of the reaction mixture suggested the formation of pentacoordinate spirosilicate intermediates in situ. Preliminary theoretical studies revealed that the glycol-derived silicate intermediates formed in situ are quite reactive silicon reagents in the transmetalation step.
Ichii, Shun,Hamasaka, Go,Uozumi, Yasuhiro
supporting information
p. 3850 - 3854
(2019/11/11)
An aerobic and very fast Pd/C-catalyzed ligand-free and aqueous Suzuki reaction under mild conditions
An aerobic, ligand-free Suzuki reaction catalyzed by Pd/C in aqueous media has been developed. This method is a very simple, efficient and mild protocol for the cross-coupling of aryl bromides with arylboronic acids, and the reactions proceeded smoothly in excellent yields within short reaction times. Control experiments demonstrated that the Pd/C-catalyzed Suzuki reaction was much quicker when performed in air or oxygen than in nitrogen. Furthermore, this protocol could be used for the synthesis of fluorinated liquid-crystalline compounds. The Pd/C catalyst could be recovered and recycled efficiently at least ten times without significant loss of catalytic activity. Copyright
NaOH-Promoted cross-coupling reactions of organosilicon compounds with organic halides: Practical routes to biaryls, alkenylarenes and conjugated dienes
The use of NaOH has been found to extremely effective in promoting the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of aryl and alkenylchlorosilanes with organic halides such as aryl bromides and chlorides under very mild conditions.
Preparation of functionalized biaryl compounds via cross-coupling reactions of aryltrialkoxysilanes with aryl bromides
Aryltrimethoxysilanes react with aryl bromides in the presence of fluoride ion and palladium catalysts to give the corresponding biaryl compounds in good yields with high chemoselectivity.