- Design, synthesis and anti-inflammatory effects of novel 9-O-substituted-berberine derivatives
-
Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid in many medicinal herbs, has been found to possess broad pharmacological activities. A series of novel C-9-O-substituted-berberine derivatives have been synthesized and their anti-inflammatory effects evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Compared to berberine, the new synthetic berberine derivatives 3i and 5e exhibit significantly improved inhibitory activities against the release of NO, TNF-α and IL-6. Furthermore, derivatives 3i and 5e were found to inhibit more effectively the migration of neutrophils and primitive macrophage in transgenic zebrafish larvae with injury-provoked inflammation. Pre-treatment with derivatives 3i or 5e could lead to a concentration-dependent decrease in nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 and NF-κB inhibitor α (IκBα) phosphorylation and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells, which suggested that the anti-inflammatory activities of berberine derivatives 3i and 5e are related to their suppression of the NF-κB signal pathway.
- Huang, Mei-Yan,Lin, Jing,Huang, Zhi-Jian,Xu, Hong-Gui,Hong, Juan,Sun, Ping-Hua,Guo, Jia-Liang,Chen, Wei-Min
-
p. 658 - 666
(2016/05/19)
-
- Salicylanilide inhibitors of Toxoplasma gondii
-
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an apicomplexan parasite that can cause eye disease, brain disease, and death, especially in congenitally infected and immune-compromised people. Novel medicines effective against both active and latent forms of the parasite are greatly needed. The current study focused on the discovery of such medicines by exploring a family of potential inhibitors whose antiapicomplexan activity has not been previously reported. Initial screening efforts revealed that niclosamide, a drug approved for anthelmintic use, possessed promising activity in vitro against T. gondii. This observation inspired the evaluation of the activity of a series of salicylanilides and derivatives. Several inhibitors with activities in the nanomolar range with no appreciable in vitro toxicity to human cells were identified. An initial structure-activity relationship was explored. Four compounds were selected for evaluation in an in vivo model of infection, and two derivatives with potentially enhanced pharmacological parameters demonstrated the best activity profiles.
- Fomovska, Alina,Mui, Ernest,McLeod, Rima,Wood, Richard D.,Welsh, William J.,Dubey, Jitenter P.,Ferreira, Leandra R.,Hickman, Mark R.,Lee, Patricia J.,Leed, Susan E.,Auschwitz, Jennifer M.,Sommerville, Caroline,Woods, Stuart,Roberts, Craig
-
p. 8375 - 8391,17
(2020/09/15)
-
- Glutamate receptor modulators and therapeutic agents
-
The present invention discloses methods of modulating the activity of Group I mGluRs using a defined class of benzamide compounds. In one embodiment, methods of modulating the activity of mGluR1 are provided. In another embodiment, methods of modulating the activity of mGluR5 are provided. In still another embodiment, methods of simultaneously modulating the activities of both mGluR1 and mGluR5 are provided. The present invention also provides methods of treating diseases or disorders which are mediated in full or in part by Group I mGluRs using one or more compounds belonging to the defined class of benzamide compounds. The present invention further provides methods of preventing diseases or disorders which are mediated in full or in part by Group I mGluRs using one or more compounds belonging to the defined class of compounds. Diseases and disorders contemplated include, inter alia, diseases and disorders of the central nervous system, the peripheral nervous system, the gastrointestinal system, the circulatory system, skin, retina, brain, heart, and lungs.
- -
-
Page/Page column 21
(2009/10/01)
-
- One-pot amidation of olefins through Pd-catalyzed coupling of alkylboranes and carbamoyl chlorides
-
(Chemical Equation Presented) A one-pot synthesis of C1- elongated amides starting from olefins and carbamoyl chlorides has been developed. Alkyl-boranes, generated by hydroboration of terminal olefins with 9-BBN-H, underwent smooth coupling with carbamoyl chlorides in the presence of palladium catalyst and Cs2CO3.
- Yasui, Yoshizumi,Tsuchida, Sayo,Miyabe, Hideto,Takemoto, Yoshiji
-
p. 5898 - 5900
(2008/02/09)
-
- Amino Acids. 7. A Novel Synthetic Route to L-Proline
-
Reaction of L-5-oxoproline esters L-2 with phosgene at 0 deg C gives L-5,5-dichloro-1-(chlorocarbonyl)proline esters L-6, which readily lose hydrogen chloride to form L-5-chloro-1-(chlorocarbonyl)-4,5-dehydroproline esters L-7.Catalytic hydrogenation (Pd/C, 180 bar) of L-7 yields L-1-(chlorocarbonyl)proline esters L-15 and thence, upon hydrolysis, L-proline (L-17).A 'one-pot reaction' for the whole sequence is described, starting from easily accessible L-5-oxoproline esters and yielding L-proline in 78percent overall yield and 99.7percent optical purity.
- Drauz, Karlheinz,Kleemann, Axel,Martens, Juergen,Scherberich, Paul,Effenberger, Franz
-
p. 3494 - 3498
(2007/10/02)
-
- Process for the production of L-proline
-
L-proline is produced from the methyl or ethyl ester of L-pyroglutamic acid by reacting this with at least twice the molar amount of phosgene to form the corresponding 1-chlorocarbonyl-5,5-dichloroproline ester, producing the corresponding 2-chloro-1-chlorocarbonyl-pyrrolin-(2)-carboxylic acid ester-(5) therefrom by splitting off hydrogen chloride, catalytically hydrogenating the pyrrolin-(2) compound to the corresponding N-chlorocarbonyl-proline ester and hydrolyzing the latter with acid to form L-proline.
- -
-
-