- SYNTHESIS OF DIESTER-BASED BIOLUBRICANTS FROM EPOXIDES
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The present invention is generally directed to methods of making diester-based lubricant compositions, wherein formation of diester species proceeds via direct esterification of epoxide intermediates. In some embodiments, the methods for making such diester-based lubricants utilize a biomass precursor and/or low value (e.g., Fischer-Tropsch (FT) olefins and/or alcohols) so as to produce high value diester-based lubricants. In some embodiments, such diester-based lubricants are derived from FT olefins and tatty acids. The fatty acids can be from a bio-based source (i.e., biomass, renewable source) or can be derived from FT alcohols via oxidation.
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Page/Page column 4
(2009/08/16)
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- Diester-Based Lubricants and Methods of Making Same
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The present invention is generally directed to diester-based lubricant compositions. The present invention is also directed to methods of making these and other similar lubricant compositions. In some embodiments, the methods for making such diester-based lubricants utilize a biomass precursor and/or low value Fischer-Tropsch (FT) olefins and/or alcohols so as to produce high value diester-based lubricants. In some embodiments, such diester-based lubricants are derived from FT olefins and fatty acids. The fatty acids can be from a bio-based source (i.e., biomass, renewable source) or can be derived from FT alcohols via oxidation.
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Page/Page column 4
(2008/12/07)
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- Epoxidation of olefins
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A method for producing an epoxide from an olefin using a mixture hydrogen peroxide, a nitrile compound and a ketone is disclosed.
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- Chemoenzymatic epoxidation of alkenes by dimethyl carbonate and hydrogen peroxide
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(matrix presented) Monoperoxy carbonic acid methyl ester can be generated under neutral conditions by lipase-catalyzed perhydrolysis of dimethyl carbonate with hydrogen peroxide. It can be used in situ for the selective and efficient epoxidation of olefins; the unstable coproduct carbonic acid monomethylester decomposes to carbon dioxide and methanol. Thus, an "acid-free" Prileshajev epoxidation is realized, which is especially useful for the epoxidation of acid-sensitive substrates such as β-pinene.
- Rusch Gen Klaas, Mark,Warwel, Siegfried
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p. 1025 - 1026
(2008/02/09)
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- Stereochemistry of the olefin formation from anti and syn heterocyclic β-hydroxy sulfones.
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Reaction of aldehydes R2-CHO with the new lithio derivatives of 2-benzothiazoles or pyridines R1-CH2-SO2-Het afforded the corresponding β-hydroxy sulfones which are stable in the pyridine series and generally unstable in the benzothiazole series except for anti derivatives 10a and 20c. t-Butyl-dimethyl silyl ethers of all the heterocyclic β-hydroxy sulfones have been obtained by oxidation of the corresponding anti and syn sulfides, which have been stereoselectively prepared from the epoxides 17, 19, 21 and 23.The lithium or tetrabutylammonium alkoxides of heterocyclic β-hydroxy sulfones undergo an intramolecular addition to the neighboring C=N group followed by an S to O benzothiazole (or pyridine) transfer, and simultaneous extrusion of sulfur dioxide, ejection of benzothiazol-2(3H)-one anion and formation of the corresponding olefins.From the data of twenty cases studied, it can be concluded that the final elimination is entirely antiperiplanar only for the alkoxides of β-hydroxy-BT- or Pyr-sulfones anti or syn bearing saturated aliphatic chains R1 and R2 and for anti derivatives with R1 = R2 = C6H5.Due to their equilibration however, the alkoxides of numerous derivatives of heterocyclic (3-methylbut-2-enyl) or (phenylmethyl) sulfones do not follow entirely the above antiperiplanar elimination. Keywords: heteroaromatic sulfones / intramolecular ipso reaction / organolithium derivatives / stereochemistry / eliminations / olefination
- Baudin, J. B.,Hareau, G.,Julia, S. A.,Ruel, O.
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p. 336 - 357
(2007/10/02)
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- Palladium- and light-enhanced ring-opening of oxiranes by copper chloride
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The yields of chlorohydrins formed by cleavage of epoxides by CuCl2 is increased in the presence of small amounts of PdCl2(MeCN)2.The conversion drops dramatically on carrying out the reaction in the dark.The regiochemistry of the ring-opening is sensitive to the nature of the substituents.
- Muzart, Jacques,Riahi, Abdelkhalek
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p. 323 - 336
(2007/10/02)
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- Process for preparing aldehydes from oxirane compounds
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Aldehydes are prepared by reacting an oxirane compound with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a boron compound.
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