- Photoredox Neutral Decarboxylative Hydroxyalkylations of Heteroarenes with α-Keto Acids
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Photoredox neutral decarboxylative hydroxyalkylations of heteroarenes with α-keto acids under mild conditions are described. Stable and readily available α-keto acids were employed as hydroxyalkylating reagents with only CO2released as the byproduct. A range of aromatic and aliphatic α-keto acids were successfully converted into hydroxyalkylated products with various heteroarenes. This transformation proceeded through a decarboxylation/Minisci addition/SCS sequence, generating a variety of valuable hydroxyalkylated heteroarenes.
- Ji, Xiaochen,Yang, Zhonglin,Wu, Xinzhuang,Deng, Guo-Jun,Huang, Huawen
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supporting information
p. 4168 - 4182
(2022/03/14)
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel thiohydantoin derivatives as potent androgen receptor antagonists for the treatment of prostate cancer
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Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common malignancy in men worldwide. Here, two series of novel thiohydantoin derivatives of enzalutamide as potent androgen receptor (AR) antagonists were designed and synthesized. Among them, compound 31c was identified as an AR antagonist which is 2.3–fold more potent than enzalutamide. Molecular docking studies were performed to explain the improved potency of 31c at AR. In cell proliferation assays, 31c exhibited similar anti-proliferative activities with enzalutamide against hormone sensitive LNCaP cells and AR-overexpressing LNCaP/AR cells. These data indicate that 31c can be a good lead compound for further structure optimization for the treatment of prostate cancer.
- Wang, Ao,Wang, Yawan,Meng, Xin,Yang, Yushe
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- ZnMe2-Mediated, Direct Alkylation of Electron-Deficient N-Heteroarenes with 1,1-Diborylalkanes: Scope and Mechanism
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The regioselective, direct alkylation of electron-deficient N-heteroarenes is, in principle, a powerful and efficient way of accessing alkylated N-heteroarenes that are important core structures of many biologically active compounds and pharmaceutical agents. Herein, we report a ZnMe2-promoted, direct C2- or C4-selective primary and secondary alkylation of pyridines and quinolines using 1,1-diborylalkanes as alkylation sources. While substituted pyridines and quinolines exclusively afford C2-alkylated products, simple pyridine delivers C4-alkylated pyridine with excellent regioselectivity. The reaction scope is remarkably broad, and a range of C2- or C4-alkylated electron-deficient N-heteroarenes are obtained in good yields. Experimental and computational mechanistic studies imply that ZnMe2 serves not only as an activator of 1,1-diborylalkanes to generate (α-borylalkyl)methylalkoxy zincate, which acts as a Lewis acid to bind to the nitrogen atom of the heterocycles and controls the regioselectivity, but also as an oxidant for rearomatizing the dihydro-N-heteroarene intermediates to release the product.
- Jo, Woohyun,Baek, Seung-Yeol,Hwang, Chiwon,Heo, Joon,Baik, Mu-Hyun,Cho, Seung Hwan
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supporting information
p. 13235 - 13245
(2020/09/01)
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- The Hiyama Cross-Coupling Reaction at Parts Per Million Levels of Pd: In Situ Formation of Highly Active Spirosilicates in Glycol Solvents
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A palladium NNC-pincer complex at a 5 mol ppm loading efficiently catalyzed the Hiyama coupling reaction of aryl bromides with aryl(trialkoxy)silanes in propylene glycol to give the corresponding biaryls in excellent yields. This method was applied to the syntheses of adapalene and a biaryl-type liquid-crystalline compound, as well as to the derivatization of dextromethorphan and norfloxacin. ESI-MS and NMR analyses of the reaction mixture suggested the formation of pentacoordinate spirosilicate intermediates in situ. Preliminary theoretical studies revealed that the glycol-derived silicate intermediates formed in situ are quite reactive silicon reagents in the transmetalation step.
- Ichii, Shun,Hamasaka, Go,Uozumi, Yasuhiro
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supporting information
p. 3850 - 3854
(2019/11/11)
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- Quinoline aroma ethylene derivative as well as preparation method and application thereof
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The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical and compound medicine and discloses quinoline aroma ethylene derivative as well as a preparation method and application thereof. A chemical structure general formula of the quinoline aroma ethylene derivative is shown in the description, wherein the R is shown in the description; the R1 and the R2 are methyl, methylthio, hydroxyl, dimethylamino, diphenylamino, diethylamino, methoxy, imidazole-1-yl, hydrogen, alkyl with the C atom number as 1 to 6, naphthenic base with the C atom number as 3 to 6, piperidyl, morpholinyl or piperazinyl; the X is Cl, Br, I or benzenesulfonic base; the HA is sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid or sulfonic acid. The quinoline aroma ethylene derivative can be prepared by condensation reaction between quinoline analogue and aromatic aldehyde. The method is simple, the raw materials are easy to obtain, and the compound has good antibacterial and bactericidal activity on escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and bacillus subtilis.
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Paragraph 0038; 0039; 0041
(2019/01/16)
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- Quinoline aroma ethylene derivative as well as preparation method and application thereof
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The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical and compound medicine and discloses quinoline aroma ethylene derivative as well as a preparation method and application thereof. A chemical structure general formula of the quinoline aroma ethylene derivative is shown in the description, wherein the R is shown in the description; the R1 and the R2 are methyl, methylthio, hydroxyl, dimethylamino, diphenylamino, diethylamino, methoxy, imidazole-1-yl, hydrogen, alkyl with the C atom number as 1 to 6, naphthenic base with the C atom number as 3 to 6, piperidyl, morpholinyl or piperazinyl; the X is Cl, Br, I or benzenesulfonic base. The quinoline aroma ethylene derivative can be prepared by condensation reaction between quinoline analogue and aromatic aldehyde. The method is simple, the raw materials are easy to obtain, and the compound has good antibacterial and bactericidal activity on escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and bacillus subtilis.
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Paragraph 0032; 0033; 0034; 0035; 0036
(2019/01/16)
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- Chromium-Catalyzed Regioselective Kumada Arylative Cross-Coupling of C(aryl)-O Bonds with a Traceless Activation Strategy
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We report here the chromium-catalyzed regioselective Kumada arylative cross-coupling of C(aryl)-O bonds at ambient temperature. By using a simple and low-cost chromium(II) chloride salt as a precatalyst, accompanied by a 2-pyridyl ligation, the catalytic cleavage and arylative coupling of C(aryl)-O bonds were achieved with a traceless activation strategy, overcoming the regioselectivity obstacle when several C-O bonds coexist in the Kumada coupling system.
- Fan, Fei,Tang, Jinghua,Luo, Meiming,Zeng, Xiaoming
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p. 13549 - 13559
(2018/10/31)
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- Sequential Photoredox Catalysis for Cascade Aerobic Decarboxylative Povarov and Oxidative Dehydrogenation Reactions of N-Aryl α-Amino Acids
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A visible-light-driven sequential photoredox catalysis to allow N-aryl α-amino acids to experience efficient cascade aerobic decarboxylative Povarov and oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) reactions is described. With a dicyanopyrazine-derived chromophore (DP
- Shao, Tianju,Yin, Yanli,Lee, Richmond,Zhao, Xiaowei,Chai, Guobi,Jiang, Zhiyong
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supporting information
p. 1754 - 1760
(2018/03/21)
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- Energy level tuning of blue emitting and electron transporting vinylene bis(vinyl quinolinyl)benzene derivatives: synthesis, characterisation, thin film characterisation and performance in OLEDs
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A number of thermally stable, conjugated, blue-emitting vinylene bis(vinyl quinolinyl)benzene derivatives were prepared and three of them were characterised by single crystal X-ray crystallography. They exhibit blue to bluish-green emission (fluorescence and electroluminescence) depending on the substituents. Their effectiveness as electron transporters in red and green organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) has been explored. The phenyl and naphthyl substituted compounds were found to be superior to Alq3 in OLEDs as electron transporters. The electron mobility of the parent molecule, phenyl, thienyl and naphthyl substituted compounds were determined to be 8.0 × 10-7, 3.3 × 10-6, 5.5 × 10-6 and 8.0 × 10-6 cm2 V-1 s-1 respectively. Lifetime measurements were carried out for the red and green fluorescent devices and compared with Alq3 as an electron transporter. Some vinylene bis(vinyl quinolinyl)benzene derivatives show significantly longer lifetimes than analogous devices made with Alq3 as the electron transport layer. Purple to dark blue emitting devices were achieved from two of the derivatives.
- Kathirgamanathan, Poopathy,Surendrakumar, Sivagnanasundram,Ravichandran, Seenivasagam,Kumaraverl, Muttulingam,Antipan Lara, Juan,Ganeshamurugan, Subramaniam,Bushby, Lisa M.,Tidey, Jeremiah P.,Blake, Alexander J.
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supporting information
p. 6652 - 6667
(2015/07/07)
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- The catalytic ability of various transition metals in the direct functionalization of aromatic C-H bonds
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From noble to normal: Many transition-metal complexes have shown a remarkable ability to catalyze the cross-coupling of aryl halides with arenes (see scheme). The formation of biaryls has thus been achieved using inexpensive, readily available, and sometimes nontoxic transition-metal complexes. Not only "noble" transition metals, but also many of the "normal" transition metals are able to promote the direct transformation of C-H bonds.
- Li, Hu,Sun, Chang-Liang,Yu, Miao,Yu, Da-Gang,Li, Bi-Jie,Shi, Zhang-Jie
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 3593 - 3597
(2011/05/04)
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- New ligands that promote cross-coupling reactions between aryl halides and unactivated arenes
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Several ligands were designed to promote transition-metal-free cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides with benzene derivatives. Among the systems probed, quinoline-1-amino-2-carboxylic acid was found to serve as an excellent catalyst for cross-coupling between aryl halides and unactivated benzene. Reactions using this inexpensive catalytic system displayed a high functional group tolerance as well as excellent chemoselectivities.
- Qiu, Yatao,Liu, Yanghan,Yang, Kai,Hong, Wenkun,Li, Zheng,Wang, Zhaoyang,Yao, Zhiyi,Jiang, Sheng
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 3556 - 3559
(2011/09/14)
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- An efficient organocatalytic method for constructing biaryls through aromatic C-H activation
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The direct functionalization of C-H bonds has drawn the attention of chemists for almost a century. C-H activation has mainly been achieved through four metal-mediated pathways: oxidative addition, electrophilic substitution, σ-bond metathesis and metal-associated carbene/nitrene/oxo insertion. However, the identification of methods that do not require transition-metal catalysts is important because methods involving such catalysts are often expensive. Another advantage would be that the requirement to remove metallic impurities from products could be avoided, an important issue in the synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds. Here, we describe the identification of a cross-coupling between aryl iodides/bromides and the C-H bonds of arenes that is mediated solely by the presence of 1,10-phenanthroline as catalyst in the presence of KOt-Bu as a base. This apparently transition-metal-free process provides a new strategy with which to achieve direct C-H functionalization.
- Sun, Chang-Liang,Li, Hu,Yu, Da-Gang,Yu, Miao,Zhou, Xiao,Lu, Xing-Yu,Huang, Kun,Zheng, Shu-Fang,Li, Bi-Jie,Shi, Zhang-Jie
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experimental part
p. 1044 - 1049
(2011/09/20)
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- COMPOUNDS HAVING ELECTROLUMINESCENT OR ELECTRON TRANSPORT PROPERTIES
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A compound of the formula R1 (CR3 =CR4 ) nAr(CR4 =CR3 ) nR2 wherein: n is 0 or 1; Ar represents aryl or heteroaryl having 1-5 aromatic rings which may be chain or fused or a combination of chain and fused, which may be substituted withalkoxy, fluoro, fluoroalkyl or cyano and which in the case of a 5-memnered ring nitrogen heteroatom may be N-substituted with aryl or substituted aryl optionally further substituted with alkoxy, fluoro, fluoroalkyl or cyano; R1 and R2 independently represent aryl or nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur-containing heteroaryl having two to four fused aromatic rings one of which may be 5-membered and optionally substituted by aryl or heteroaryl having 1-5 chain or fused aromatic rings which may be further substituted withalkoxy, fluoro, fluoroalkyl or cyano; and R3 and R4 independently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or benzyl. Alsoprovided is a method of making a compound having electroluminescent and/or electroconductive properties, which comprises condensing an aromatic dialdehyde with a methyl-substituted heteroaryl compound having two to four fused rings which maybe unsubstituted ormay be further substituted by aryl or heteroaryl having from one to fouraromatic rings, said aryl or heteroaryl substituent or substituents optionally being substituted with one or more fluoro, fluoroalkyl orcyano substituents.The condensation may be carried out in acetic anhydride under reflux. The compounds may be incorporatede.g. as an electron transport layer into an optical light emitting diode,where embodiments can provide high electron mobility, low turn-on voltage and good lifetime,or into an electrostatic imaging member. Acompositionis provided comprising a compound as above and a second host or electron transport material and/or at leastone dopant.
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Page/Page column 35; 36
(2009/10/22)
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- Cross-coupling reactions of phenylmagnesium halides with fluoroazines and fluorodiazines
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The first nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions between fluoroarenes and aryl organometallics using commercially available ligands are described. The nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions between aryl Grignard reagents and fluoroazines and -diazin
- Mongin, Florence,Mojovic, Ljubica,Guillamet, Benoit,Trecourt, Francois,Queguiner, Guy
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p. 8991 - 8994
(2007/10/03)
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