- Synthesis and fungicidal activity of novel imidazole-based ketene dithioacetals
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Novel imidazole-based ketene dithioacetals show impressive in planta activity against the economically important plant pathogens Alternaria solani, Botryotinia fuckeliana, Erysiphe necator and Zymoseptoria tritici. Especially derivatives of the topical antifungal lanoconazole, which bear an alkynyloxy or a heteroaryl group in the para-position of the phenyl ring, exhibit excellent control of the mentioned phytopathogens. These compounds inhibit 14α -demethylase in the sterol biosynthesis pathway of the fungi. Synthesis routes starting from either benzaldehydes or acetophenones as well as structure-activity relationships are discussed in detail.
- Jeanmart, Stephane,Gagnepain, Julien,Maity, Pulakesh,Lamberth, Clemens,Cederbaum, Fredrik,Rajan, Ramya,Jacob, Olivier,Blum, Mathias,Bieri, Stephane
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Read Online
- Preparation method of azole antifungal drug
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The invention discloses a preparation method of an azole antifungal drug, which comprises the following steps: (a) reacting (S)-2-chloro-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethanol with methanesulfonyl chloride, and crystallizing the reaction product to obtain a compound crystal as shown in a formula (III); (b) reacting imidazole with chloroacetonitrile, and crystallizing the reaction product to obtain 1-(cyanomethyl)imidazole crystals; (c) reacting the 1-(cyanomethyl)imidazole with carbon disulfide under an alkaline condition to obtain a compound as shown in a formula (VIII); (d) reacting the compound as shown in the formula (III) with a compound as shown in a formula (VIII) under an alkaline condition to obtain luliconazole oil; and (e) dissolving the luliconazole oil into acetonitrile, dropwise adding water into the solution, separating out crystals, and filtering the mixture while hot to obtain a luliconazole pure product. According to the method, industrially common and cheap raw materials areselected, the luliconazole pure product conforming to the medicine is efficiently prepared, so that the invention solves the technical problems that the luliconazole purification yield is low, 1- (cyanomethyl) imidazole is prone to water absorption and deliquescence, and (S)-2-chloro-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl) ethyl methanesulfonate is unstable and easy to decompose at the normal temperature.
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Paragraph 0080-0083
(2020/11/26)
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- Synthesis of Conformationally Locked and C-Linked Analogues of Imidazole-Based Ketene Dithioacetal Fungicides
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First examples with the unknown tricyclic 4,8 b -dihydro-3 aH -indeno[1,2- d ][1,3]dithiole ring system have been prepared. Also, imidazoles linked in ring position 5 to a ketene dithioacetal and 1,3-dithiane derivatives with an exocyclic cyano- and imidazole-substituted C-C double bond are completely new. All these compounds are either conformationally locked, C-linked or six-ring analogues of the antifungal agent luliconazole. Synthesis and fungicidal activity of these sterol biosynthesis inhibitors are reported.
- Gagnepain, Julien,Jeanmart, Stephane,Bonvalot, Damien,Jacob, Olivier,Lamberth, Clemens
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- Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Luliconazole Mediated by Lipases
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A straightforward chemoenzymatic synthesis of luliconazole has been developed. The key step involved the preparation of the enantiomerically pure β-halohydrin (1S)-2-chloro-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-ethanol through kinetic resolution of the corresponding racemic acetate. This was achieved by a hydrolytic approach, mediated by the lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus or Novozym 435. The latter enzyme proved to be a robust biocatalyst for the kinetic resolution, and the (S)-β-halohydrin was obtained with high selectivity (ee > 99 %, E > 200) after just 15 min, at 45 °C. It could be reused five times with maintenance of high values of both conversion and enantioselectivity. Subsequently, the (S)-β-halohydrin was subjected to a mesylation reaction; the mesylated derivative reacted with 1-cyanomethylimidazole in the presence of CS2 to give luliconazole in 43 % yield with >99 % ee.
- Fonseca, Thiago de S.,Lima, Lara D.,de Oliveira, Maria da C. F.,de Lemos, Telma L. G.,Zampieri, Davila,Molinari, Francesco,de Mattos, Marcos C.
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p. 2110 - 2116
(2018/05/31)
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- PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF LULICONAZOLE
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A process for the preparation of luliconazole and salts thereof is disclosed.
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Paragraph 0124
(2016/11/07)
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- Perfluorobutyl iodide-assisted direct cyanomethylation of azoles and phenols with acetonitrile
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A perfluorobutyl iodide-assisted transition-metal-free cyanomethylation of azoles and phenols with acetonitrile in the presence of NaH has been developed. The reaction proceeded smoothly under mild reaction conditions to give the cyanomethylated products in moderate to high yields. A mechanism involving the cyanomethyl radical through C-H bond cleavage in acetonitrile was proposed. This journal is
- Zhang, Juan,Wu, Wei,Ji, Xinfei,Cao, Song
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p. 20562 - 20565
(2015/03/30)
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- THERAPEUTIC COMPOUNDS AND USES THEREOF
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The present invention relates to compounds formula (I): and to salts thereof, wherein R1-R4 and A have any of the values defined in the specification, and compositions and uses thereof. The compounds are useful as inhibitors of histone demethylases, such as KDM5. Also included are pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising the compounds of the present invention and methods of using said compositions in the treatment of various disorders.
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Paragraph 0469; 0470; 0471
(2015/03/16)
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- Design, synthesis, and biological testing of potential heme-coordinating nitric oxide synthase inhibitors
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Based on computer modeling of the active site of nitric oxide synthases (NOS), a series of 10 amidine compounds (9-18) was designed including potential inhibitors that involve the coordination of side-chain functional groups with the iron of the heme cofactor. The most potent and selective compound was the methylthio amidine analogue 9, which was more potent than l-nitroarginine with 185-fold selectivity for inhibition of neuronal NOS over endothelial NOS. It also exhibited time-dependent inhibition, but did not involve the mechanism previously proposed for other amidine inhibitors of NOS. None of the compounds, however, exhibited heme-binding characteristics according to absorption spectroscopy.
- Litzinger, Elizabeth A.,Martasek, Pavel,Roman, Linda J.,Silverman, Richard B.
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p. 3185 - 3198
(2007/10/03)
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- Solvent-free synthesis and structural characterization of azolyl-substituted pyrimidines
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Base-catalyzed trimerization of N-cyanomethylazoles under pressure and in solvent-free conditions afforded 4-amino-2,6-bis(azol-1-ylmethyl)-5-(azol-1-yl)pyrimidines (1-3) in 33-67% yields. The structures of these compounds was determined by a combination of NMR techniques and X-ray crystallography. The 4-amino groups show a restricted rotation around the C-N bond; the free energy of activation for this process was determined by variable temperature experiments. In the crystal structure of the pyrazol-1-yl derivative, the amino group shows a distorted planar geometry in both independent molecules and acts as a double hydrogen bond donor towards two of the three pyrazole rings, forming ribbons of R22(10) rings.
- De la Hoz, Antonio,Blasco, Hector,Diaz-Ortiz, Angel,Elguero, Jose,Foces-Foces, Concepcion,Moreno, Andres,Sanchez-Migallon, Ana,Valiente, Gema
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p. 926 - 932
(2007/10/03)
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- 1,2,3-Benzothiadiazole derivatives
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Novel 1,2,3-benzothiadiazole derivatives of the formula STR1 in which Het has the meanings set forth in the specification, and addition products thereof with an acid or metal salt are very effective for the control of undesired microorganisms. Novel intermediates of the formulae STR2 in which Het1 and R5 have the meanings given in the specification.
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- Chloropyridylcarbonyl derivatives
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Novel chloropyridylcarbonyl derivatives of the formula STR1 in which Het is STR2 n is 1 or 2, R1 is hydrogen, optionally substituted C1-6 alkyl, optionally substituted C2-6 alkenyl, optionally substituted C3-6 alkynyl, optionally substituted phenyl or optionally substituted pyrimidinyl, and R2 and R3, independently of each other, are hydrogen or C1-4 alkyl, and acid addition salts and metal salt complexes thereof, are outstandingly active as microbicides.
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- A direct synthetic approach to novel quadrupolar [14]azolophanes
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A convergent '3+1' synthesis allowed a simple entrance to the first examples of [14]metaazolophanes 1 and [14l(meta-ortho)2azolophanes 2 built up from heterocyclic betaine subunits, illustrating a prototype of phanes constructed by both highly π-excessiveand highly π-deficient heteroaromatic moieties linked in a 1,3-alternating fashion.
- Alcalde, Ermitas,Alemany, Montserrat,Gisbert, Maria
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p. 15171 - 15188
(2007/10/03)
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- Condensed thiazole derivative, production process thereof and pharmaceutical composition thereof
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Condensed thiazole derivatives useful as 5-HT3 receptor agonists are provided and can be represented by the following formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a process for the production thereof and a pharmaceutical composition thereof: STR1 wherein R, A, L1, L2, L, and R1 -R6 are defined herein and Im represents a group of the formula: STR2
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