NJC
Paper
Table 4 The obtained textural properties of the recovered DBU-F-MCM-
41-CNSH after the 8th reuse from nitrogen adsorption–desorption
isotherms
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BET surface area
Average pore
diameters (nm)
Sample
(m2 gÀ1
201.69
)
DBU-F-MCM-41-CNSH after
the 8th reuse
2.05
catalyst (Si/Fe = 14.45). The results obtained from CHN
elemental analysis (%C = 18.30, %H = 3.06, %N = 3.15) are also
close to the CHN elemental analysis of the freshly synthesized
catalyst (%C = 18.01, %H = 2.92, %N = 3.70). So it is shown by
the obtained results that the physical and chemical structures of
DBU-F-MCM-41-CNSH are stable under the applied conditions
even after eight times of reuse.
Conclusions
First of all, DBU was converted from a volatile, highly toxic
and non-recoverable liquid to a new, highly efficient, magneti-
cally separable and reusable nano-sized mesoporous solid
base catalyst. The catalytic activity of the synthesized DBU-
functionalized magnetically separable mesoporous material
was very well proved with the conduction of the one-pot four-
component synthesis of 2-(N-carbamoylacetamide)-substituted
2,3-dihydrothiophenes in short times (25–45 min) and with
good to excellent yields (83–94%). The other promising points
of the presented methodology are operational simplicity, mild
reaction conditions, a clean reaction profile, a versatile range of
available substrates and as a consequence high diversity of the
products, enhanced rates, high isolated yields of the pure
products, diasteroselectivity, no formation of by-products,
chemical and physical stability of the catalyst, easy recovery
and reusability of the catalyst and finally agreement with some
of the Green Chemistry protocols.
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Conflicts of interest
12 D. Q. Shi, Y. Zou, Y. Hu and H. Wu, J. Heterocycl. Chem.,
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13 G.-p. Lu, L.-Y. Zeng and C. Cai, Green Chem., 2011, 13,
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There are no conflicts to declare.
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Acknowledgements
Thanks are due to the Shiraz University Research Councils and
Iran’s National Science Foundation (INSF) for supporting
this work.
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