Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
ARTICLE
Table 5. LD50 (μg mgꢀ1 Weight of Larva) of Amides
Inhibiting Growth (Second Instar) of S. frugiperda
Administered Topicallya
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LD50 (CI 90%)
(μg mgꢀ1 larva)
amide
slope ( SE
χ2
G (0.95)
7[1,8]
7[1,9]
1.26 ( 0.254
0.593 ( 0.123
8.15 (7.041ꢀ34.19)b
2.41
0.38
0.16
0.19
0.793 (0.054 ꢀ 1.182)c
a Definitions: SE = standard error; LD = lethal dose; CI = confidence
interval; G = significance index. b N = 300 insects. c N = 245 insects.
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Table 6. Mortality (%) of Larval and Pupal Phases and
Total Cycle of S. frugiperda with amide 7[1,9] Administered
in the Diet
mortality (%)a
concn (mg kgꢀ1
)
larval phase
pupal phase
total cycle
100
50
55.0a
73.3a
63.3a
65.8a
6.66b
75.0a
86.6a
93.3a
86.6a
83.3a
13.3b
69.4ab
48.6ab
61.4ab
13.3b
10
1
control
a Means followed by the same letters, in each column, indicate no
significant difference (P e 0.05) in the Tukey test.
’ AUTHOR INFORMATION
Corresponding Author
*Tel: þ 55-16-33518281. E-mail: agcorrea@ufscar.br.
(16) Derdau, V.; Fey, T.; Atzrodt, J. Synthesis of isotopically labelled
SGLT inhibitors and their metabolites. Tetrahedron 2010, 66, 1472–1482.
(17) Kasten, P. J. R.; Precetti, A. A. C. M.; Parra, J. R. P. Dados
biolꢀogicos comparativos de Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) em
duas dietas artificiais e substrato natural. Rev. Agric. 1978, 53, 68–78.
(18) Parra, J. R. P. Criac-~ao de insetos para estudos com patꢀogenos.
In: Controle microbiano de insetos; Alves, S. B., Ed. Manole: SP, Brazil,
1986; pp 348ꢀ373.
’ ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We are grateful to the FAPESP, CNPq, and CAPES for
financial support and Prof. M. N. Eberlin, IQM-UNICAMP for
the HRMS analysis.
(19) Paula, V. F.; Barbosa, L. C.; Demuner, A. J.; Pilꢀo-Veloso, D.;
Pic-anco, M. C. Synthesis and insecticidal activity of new amide deriva-
tives of piperine. Pest Manag. Sci. 2000, 56, 168–174.
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dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf104903t |J. Agric. Food Chem. 2011, 59, 4822–4827