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20 These values compare favourably with those reported for the most
commonly used waterꢀsoluble phosphines TPPMS ((3ꢀ
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areneꢀruthenium(II) complexes from the reactions of [{RuCl(ꢁꢀ
Cl)(η6ꢀpꢀcymene)}2] with unprotonated 5ꢀ(2ꢀaminothiazolyl)ꢀ
phosphines 1-3 failed. In all the cases, nonꢀseparable mixtures
resulting from the competitive coordination of the intracyclic iminic
nitrogen atom to ruthenium were obtained.
23 Surprisingly, despite the presence of protonable NH2 groups, the
solubility of complexes 7-9 at pH 5 (potassium phosphate buffer) was
lower than that observed in pure water (up to 0.2 g/L for 9).
24 (a) Addition of a chloride abstractor (AgNO3) to the medium did not
allow to improve the catalytic activity of complex 9. This fact
suggests that rapid dissociation of the chloride ligands, allowing the
effective coordination of benzonitrile to the metal, takes place in
aqueous solution; (b) The activity of complex 9 at pH 5 (potassium
phosphate buffer) was remarkably lower than in neutral water (19 h
of heating at 100 ºC were needed to quantitatively convert
benzonitrile into benzamide using 3 mol% of 9).
25 See, for example: (a) K. L. Breno, M. D. Pluth and D. R. Tyler,
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120
50 12 P. Daw, A. Sinha, S. M. W. Rahaman, S. Dinda and J. K. Bera,
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26 See, for example: I. N. Stepanenko, B. CebriánꢀLosantos, V. B.
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28 For recent reviews covering innovative approaches for amide bond
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