Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis p. 564 - 574 (1997)
Update date:2022-09-26
Topics: Scope Annulation Limitations Oxocarbons Alkoxy-(1-alkenyl)benzenes 3-chloro-3-cyclobutene-1,2-dione Dihydrocyclobuta[a]naphthalene-1,2-diones Cyclobuta[a]naphthalene-1,2-diones
Schmidt, Arthur H.
Kircher, Gunnar
Spring, Mathias
Hendriok, Markus W.
Kuenz, Christian
The reaction of alkoxy-(1-alkenyl)benzenes with semisquaric chloride (3) has been investigated systematically. 1,2-Dialkoxy- and 1-alkoxy′-2-alkoxy″-4-(1-alkenyl)benzenes (6a-j) and (11a-i) react with 3 to give the 3,4-dihydrocyclobuta[a]naphthalene-1,2-diones(8a-j) and (12a-i). Treatment of the dihydrocyclobuta[a]naphthalene-1,2-diones with 1.2 equiv. bromine effects dehydrogenation and affords cyclobuta[a]naphthalene-1,2-diones(9a-e) and (13b-f). Any efforts to extend this annulation reaction to dimethoxy-(1-alkenyl)benzenes with the methoxy groups in other than the 1,2-positions, e. g. 14a, b, 16a, b have been unsuccessful. The reaction of 1,2,3-trimethoxy-4-(1-propenyl) [and 4-(1-butenyl)]-benzenes (18a) and (18b) with semisquaric chloride (3) leads to the elimination of HCl and CH3OH and gives 5,6-dimethoxy-3-methyl [and 3-ethyl]-cyclobuta[a]naphthalene-1,2-diones (20a) and (20b). The reaction pathway of this novel annulation reaction is discussed.
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