Paper
RSC Advances
17 A. Karsson, M. Stcker and R. Schmidt, Microporous
Mesoporous Mater., 1999, 27, 181–192.
4. Conclusions
18 L. Huang, W. Guo and P. Deng, J. Phys. Chem. B, 2000, 104,
2817–2823.
19 R. L. V. Mao, S. Xiao, A. Ramsaran and J. Yao, J. Mater. Chem.,
1994, 4, 605–613.
20 C. S. Cundy, M. S. Henty and R. J. Plaisted, Zeolites, 1995, 15,
342–354.
21 A. Cizmek, B. Subotic, R. Aiello, F. Crea, A. Nastro and
C. Tuoto, Microporous Mater., 1995, 4, 159–168.
22 M. Ogura, S. Shinomiya, J. Tateno, Y. Nara, E. Kikuchi and
M. Matsukata, Chem. Lett., 2000, 7, 882–896.
23 J. M. Maselli and A. W. Peters, Catal. Rev.: Sci. Eng., 1984,
256, 25–33.
Dual modication of H-ZSM-5 by alkali treating and Mg doping
gave rise to partial dealumination and desilicication of the
catalyst, promoting the formation of extra mesopores. The
substitution of Mg for hydroxyl group led to forming Mg(OH)+;
while alkali treatment would contributed to the formation of
more extra framework Al (EFAL). The strong interaction
between Mg (OH)+ and EFAL results in the increase of the
amount of Lewis acid sites, which was believed to be active site
for benzene alkylation with ethanol. It was found higher L/B
ratio facilitates the improvement of the activity of the catalyst
and selectivity toward EB. The sample Mg (1 wt%)-AT exhibits
the highest L/B ratio (3.79), and presented the highest produc-
tivity (30%) and selectivity to EB (92%).
24 P. Lersch and F. Bandermann, Appl. Catal., 1991, 75, 133–
145.
25 Y. Li, W. Xie and S. Yong, Appl. Catal., A, 1997, 50, 231–247.
26 P. Kovacheva, A. Predoeva, K. Arishtirova and S. Vassilev,
Appl. Catal., A, 2002, 223, 121–134.
27 M. T. Sami, B. M. Almutairi, C. M. M. Pieter, A. P. Evgeny and
J. M. H. Emiel, ACS Catal., 2012, 2, 71–79.
28 D. S. Mao, W. M. Yang, J. C. Xia, B. Zhang, Q. Y. Song and
Q. L. Chen, J. Catal., 2005, 230, 140–149.
29 L. Zhao, J. Gao and C. Xu, Fuel Process. Technol., 2011, 92,
414–423.
References
1 Y. J. Zhang, D. B. Li and S. J. Zhang, RSC Adv., 2009, 32,
16391–16396.
2 V. R. Vijayaraghavan, K. Joseph and R. Antony, J. Mol. Catal.
A: Chem., 2004, 41, 207–214.
3 A. Corma, Chem. Rev., 1997, 97, 2373–2386.
4 W. Z. Zhang, F. Xu and D. J. Wang, RSC Adv., 2014, 32, 16528–
16536.
5 W. J. Zhang, F. F. Bi, Y. Yu and B. He, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem.,
2013, 37, 26–29.
6 S. C. Qi, L. Zhang, X. Y. Wei, J. Hayashi, Z. M. Zong and
L. L. Guo, RSC Adv., 2014, 33, 17105–17109.
7 M. Takeuchi, M. Hidaka and M. Anpo, J. Hazard. Mater.,
2012, 237, 133–145.
30 J. J. Li, Y. H. Gan, W. M. Wang, W. P. Fang and Y. Q. Yang, J.
Xiamen Univ., Nat. Sci., 2012, 51, 882–897.
31 J. Wang, B. Y. Zhao and Y. C. Xie, Acta Phys.-Chim. Sin., 2001,
179, 66.
32 B. M. Lin, Q. H. Zhang and Y. Wang, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.,
2009, 48, 10788–10794.
8 G. T. Kokotailo, S. L. Lawton and D. H. Olson, Nature, 1978,
272, 10–15.
33 T. Kawai, K. M. Jiang and T. Ishikawa, J. Catal., 1996, 159,
288–298.
9 S. Zheng, J. Anderas and A. L. Johannes, J. Catal., 2003, 219,
11–18.
10 S. M. Cricsery, Zeolites, 1984, 4, 12–20.
11 M. A. Camblor, A. Corma and S. Valenica, Microporous
Mesoporous Mater., 1998, 25, 3–9.
12 J. R. Anderson, T. Mole and V. Christov, J. Catal., 1980, 61,
477–484.
13 A. W. Fort and B. H. Davis, J. Catal., 1985, 96, 357–367.
14 Y. Sugi, Y. Kubota and K. Kumura, Appl. Catal., A, 2006, 299,
157–166.
34 A. Corma, U. Diaz, V. Fornes, J. M. Guil, J. M. Triguero and
E. J. Ceyghtony, J. Catal., 2000, 191, 218–224.
35 G. L. Woolery, G. H. Kuehl, H. C. Timken, A. W. Chester and
J. C. Vartuli, Zeolites, 1997, 19, 288–296.
36 R. Ueda, T. Kusakari, K. Tomishige and K. Fujimoto, J.
Catal., 2000, 194, 14–20.
37 A. G. Gayubo, A. T. Aguayo, A. Atutxa, R. Prieto and J. Bilbao,
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2004, 43, 5042–5053.
38 P. A. Jacobs and H. K. Beyer, J. Phys. Chem., 1979, 83, 1174–
1177.
15 C. T. Kresge, M. E. Lenowicz and W. J. Roth, Nature, 1992,
359, 12–19.
39 N. Y. Topsoe, K. Pedersen and E. G. Derouane, J. Catal., 1981,
70, 41–49.
16 S. K. Seong, W. Zhang and J. Thomas, Science, 1998, 282,
1302–1305.
40 C. A. Emeis, J. Catal., 1993, 141, 347–358.
This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014
RSC Adv., 2014, 4, 50123–50129 | 50129