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RSC Advances
Page 5 of 6
DOI: 10.1039/C5RA25317A
Journal Name
COMMUNICATION
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Varma, Green Chem., 2012, 14, 625.; F. Alonso, Y. Moglie, G.
Radivoy and M. Yus, Adv. Synth. Catal., 2010, 352, 3208; I. S.
Park, M. S. Kwon, Y. Kim, J. S. Lee and J. Park, Org. Lett.,
2008, 10, 497; F. Nador, M.A. Volpe, F. Alonso, A. Feldhoff, A.
Kirschning and G. Radivoy, Appl. Catal. A: General, 2013, 455
,
39.
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M. Meldal and C. W. Tornøe, Chem. Rev. 2008, 108, 2952.
S. K. Movahed, N. F. Lehi and M. Dabiri, RSC Adv., 2014,
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,
42155; S. K. Movahed, R. Esmatpoursalmani and A. Bazgir,
RSC Adv., 2014, , 14586; S. K. Movahed, M. Shariatipour and
M. Dabiri, RSC Adv., 2015, 33423; M. Dabiri, M.
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W. S. Hummers and R. E. Offeman, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1958,
80, 1339; N. I. Kovtyukhova, P. J. Ollivier, B. R. Martin, T. E.
Mallouk, S. A. Chizhik, E. V. Buzaneva and A. D. Gorchinskiy,
Chem. Mater., 1999, 11, 771.
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5
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H. Hu, Z. B. Zhao, W. B. Wan, Y. Gogotsi, J. S. Qiu, Adv.
Mater., 2013, 25, 2219.
10 A. Jorio, M. S. Dresselhaus, R. Saito and G. F. Dresselhaus, in
Raman Spectroscopy in Graphene Related Systems, Wiley‐
VCH, Berlin, 2011.
Fig. 5 TEM image of 3D graphene/Cu nanocomposite reused after ten cycles in
1,3‐dipolar Huisgen cycloaddition between of ethynylbenzene with 1‐azido‐4‐
nitrobenzene
11 Z.‐Y. Yang, Y.‐X. Zhang, L. Jing, Y.‐F. Zhao, Y.‐M. Yan and K.‐N.
Sun, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2014, 2, 2623.
Moreover, no appreciable changes in textural properties after
ten reactions cycles were detected, as is clearly evidenced from the
TEM analysis of the recycled catalyst (Fig. 5). The TEM image also
indicates a few aggregation of Cu NPs in the recovered 3D
graphene/Cu nanocomposite after 10th reaction run.
12 K. Jasuja and V. Berry, ACS Nano, 2009,
Linn, S. Melton and V. Berry, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2010,
1853; Y. Li, X. Fan, J. Qi, J. Ji, S. Wang, G. Zhang and F. Zhang,
Nano Res., 2010, , 429.
3, 2358; K. Jasuja, J.
1
,
3
13 C.‐W. Tsai, M.‐H. Tu, C.‐J. Chen, T.‐F. Hung, R.‐S. Liu, W.‐R.
Liu, M.‐Y. Lo, Y.‐M.Peng, L. Zhang, J. Zhang, D.‐S. Shyd and X.‐
K. Xing, RSC Adv., 2011, 1, 1349.
14 D.H. Long, W. Li, L.C. Ling, J. Miyawaki, I. Mochida and S.H.
Yoon, Langmuir, 2010, 26, 16096.
Conclusions
15 L. Sun, L. Wang, C. Tian, T. Tan, Y. Xie, K. Shi, M. Li and H. Fu,
A
3‐D hybrid material has been developed by the Cu NP
RSC Adv., 2012, 2, 4498.
immobilization on 3D graphene framework. The prepared 3D
graphene/Cu nanocomposite exhibits a high catalytic activity for the
1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of aryl azides and terminal alkynes and the
1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of alkyl/benzyl halides, sodium azide and
terminal alkynes in the aqueous medium. Moreover, the catalyst is
chemically stable and can be recycled for at least ten times in the
corresponding reaction without reduction in the catalytic activity.
16 W. Chen, S. Li, C. Chen, and L. Yan, Adv. Mater., 2011, 23
,
5679.
17 T. Ghodselahi, M.A. Vesaghi, A. Shafiekhani, A. Baghizadeh
and M. Lameii, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2008, 255, 2730.
Acknowledgements
We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Research
Council of Shahid Beheshti University and the Iranian National
Science Foundation (Proposal No: 94809515).
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