2
8 F. Fahid and S.A. Pourmousavi
References
[
[
[
[
[
1] Gröbel BT, Seebach D. Umpolung of the reactivity of carbonyl compounds through sulfur-containing reagents.
Synthesis. 1977;1977:357–402.
2] Page PCB, Van Niel MB, Prodger JC. Synthetic uses of the 1,3-dithiane grouping from 1977 to 1988. Tetrahedron.
1
989;45:7643–7677.
3] Banerjee AK, Laya MS. Reagents for the preparation and cleavage of 1,3-dithiolanes. Russ Chem Rev.
000;69:947–955.
4] Yus M, Nájera C, Foubelo F. The role of 1,3-dithianes in natural product synthesis. Tetrahedron. 2003;59:6147–
212.
2
6
5] Smith AB, Adams CM. Evolution of dithiane-based strategies for the construction of architecturally complex
natural products. Acc Chem Res. 2004;37:365–377.
[6] Kocienski PJ. Protecting Groups. 3rd ed. Stuttgart: Georg ThiemeVerlag; 2003.
[
7] Olah GA, Narang SC, Meidar D, Salem GF. Catalysis by solid superacids; 81. Improved nafion-H2 perfluorinated
resinsulfonic acid-catalyzed preparation of dimethyl acetals and ethylenedithioacetals, and hydrolysis of dimethyl
acetals. Synthesis. 1981;1981:282–283.
[8] Perni RB. Amberlyst-15 as a convenient catalyst for chemoselective thioacetalization. Synth Commun.
1
989;19:2383–2387.
[9] Hajipour AR, Zarei A, Khazdooz L, Pourmousavi SA, Zahmatkesh S, Ruoho AE. Silica sulfuric acid as a
mild and chemoselective catalyst for dithioacetalization under solvent-free conditions. J Sulfur Chem. 2004;25:
3
89–393.
10] Fieser LF. Preparation of ethylenethioketals. J Am Chem Soc. 1954;76:1945–1947.
11] Ong BS. A simple and efficient method of thioacetal – and ketalization. Tetrahedron Lett. 1980;21:4225–4228.
[
[
[
[
[
[
12] Muthusamy S, Arulananda S, Gunanathan C. Indium(III) chloride as an efficient, convenient catalyst for
thioacetalization and its chemoselectivity. Tetrahedron Lett. 2001;42:359–362.
13] Firouzabadi H, Iranpoor N, Karimi B. Tungsten hexachloride (WCl6) as an efficient catalyst for chemoselective
dithioacetalization of carbonyl compounds and transthioacetalization of acetals. Synlett. 1998;1998:739–740.
14] Firouzabadi H, Iranpoor N, Amani K. Heteropolyacids as heterogeneous catalysts for thioacetalization and
transthioacetalization reactions. Synthesis. 2002;2002:59–62.
15] Saraswathy VG, Geetha V, Sankararaman S. Chemoselective protection of aldehydes as dithioacetals in lithium
perchlorate-diethyl ether medium. Evidence for the formation of oxocarbenium ion intermediate from acetals. J
Org Chem. 1994;59:4665–4670.
[16] Besra RC, Rudrawar S, Chakraborti AK. Copper(II) tetrafluoroborate as an extremely efficient catalyst for
1,3-dithiolane/dithiane formation from carbonyl compounds under solvent-free conditions at room temperature.
Tetrahedron Lett. 2005;46:6213–6217.
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
17] Patney HK. A rapid mild and efficient method of thioacetalization using anhydrous iron(III) chloride dispersed on
silica gel. Tetrahedron Lett. 1991;32:2259–2260.
18] Patney HK, Margan S. Zirconium(IV) chloride-silica catalysed thioacetalisation of carbonyl compounds. Tetrahe-
dron Lett. 1996;37:4621–4622.
19] Kamitori Y, Hojo M, Masuda R, Kimura T, Yoshida T. Selective protection of carbonyl compounds. Silica gel
treated with thionyl chloride as an effective catalyst for thioacetalization. J Org Chem. 1986;51:1427–1431.
20] Anand RV, Saravanan P, Singh VK. Solvent free thioacetalization of carbonyl compounds catalyzed by Cu(OTf)2-
SiO2. Synlett. 1999;1999:415–416.
21] Rudrawar S, Besra RC, Chakraborti AK. Perchloric acid adsorbed on silica gel (HClO4-SiO2) as an extremely
efficient and reusable catalyst for 1,3-dithiolane/dithiane formation. Synthesis. 2006;16:2767–2771.
22] Miyatake K, Shimura T, Mikami T, Watanabe M. Aromatic ionomers with superacid groups. Chem Commun.
2
009;42:6403–6405.
23] Pang J, Wang A, Zheng M, Zhang T. Hydrolysis of cellulose into glucose over carbons sulfonated at elevated
temperatures. Chem Commun. 2010;46:6935–6937.
24] Mirkhani V, Moghadam M, Tangestaninejad S, Mohammadpoor-Baltork I, Mahdavi M. Preparation of an improved
sulfonated carbon-based solid acid as a novel, efficient, and reusable catalyst for chemoselective synthesis of 2-
oxazolines and bis-oxazolines. Monatsh Chem. 2009;140:1489–1494.
[25] Liu XY, Huang M, Ma HL, Zhang ZQ, Gao JM, Zhu YL, Han XJ, Guo XY. Preparation of a carbon-based solid
acid catalyst by sulfonating activated carbon in a chemical reduction process. Molecules. 2010;15:7188–7196.
[26] Moghaddas M, Davoodnia A, Heravi MM, Tavakoli-Hoseini N. Sulfonated carbon catalyzed Biginelli reaction for
one-pot synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones and -thiones. Chinese J Catal. 2012;33:706–710.
[27] Tanemura K, Suzuki T, Horaguchi T. Synthesis of sulfonated polynaphthalene, polyanthracene, and polypyrene as
strong solid acids via oxidative coupling polymerization. J Appl Polym Sci. 2013;127:4524–4536.
[28] Pourmousavi SA, Kazemi SS. Highly efficient and chemoselective method for the thioacetalization of aldehydes
and transthioacetalization of acetals and acylals catalyzed by H2SO4-silica under solvent-free conditions. Monatsh
Chem. 2011;143:917–923.
[29] Pourmousavi SA, Hasani M. H2SO4-Silica catalyzed one-pot and efficient synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones under
solvent-free conditions. E-J Chem. 2011;8(S1):S462–S466.
[30] Pourmousavi SA, Hadavandkhani M. Preparation of 1-benzyl-4-aza-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane tribromide and
its application as a mild and chemoselective catalyst for thioacetalization of carbonyl compounds. J Sulfur Chem.
2
009;30:37–45.