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Conclusion
The study demonstrated alternative ligand structural
motifs for the methoxycarbonylation of medium chain
alkenes. The catalyst complex formed in situ from
Pd(OAc)2, ligand D and methane sulfonic acid was found
offer the best rates for the methoxycarbonylation of
medium chain α-alkenes to their corresponding esters. To
the best of our knowledge this is the first time that this
unsymmetrical bidentate ferrocene derived diphosphine
ligand has been used for this purpose. In comparison to
the benchmark system, this alternative catalytic system
is not only cheaper, but superior with respect to rates
and stability. This catalyst is also an effective isomerisa-
tion/methoxycarbonylation catalyst for the conversion of
internal alkenes to their corresponding terminal esters.
These promising results may contribute to the further
development of catalysts for the methoxycarbonylation
process.
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Acknowledgments We thank Sasol, the NRF and the University of
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