SAJJADIFAR ET AL.
9
3.3 | General procedure for the oxidation of sulfides to
sulfoxide in the presence of γ-Fe2O3@HAp-Ni2+
advantages of these methods are recycling and reusability of
the catalyst with magnet, cleaner reaction profile, use of
cheap and chemically stabile oxidant, short reaction time,
excellent yield, and solvent-free procedure.
To a mixture of various sulfides (1 mmol) and solution 33%
H2O2 (0.5 mL), 15 mg of γ-Fe2O3@HAp-Ni2+ was added,
followed by mixing under solvent-free conditions at room
temperature for the appropriate time, as given in Table 3.
After completion of the reaction, which was determined
with TLC (n-hexane/ethyl acetate, 8:3), the catalyst was
separated by an external magnet. The products was
extracted with CH2Cl2, washed with water (5 mL), and
dried over any anhydrous Na2SO4. Finally, the organic sol-
vents were evaporated, and products were obtained in
85–96% yield.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We are thankful to Payame Noor University of Ilam, Iran,
for the partial support of this work.
ORCID
Sobhan Rezayati
Zeinab Arzehgar
3.4 | General procedure for the oxidation of sulfides to
sulfoxide in the presence of γ-Fe2O3@HAp-Fe2+
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3.5 | The pH measurement of the of iron and nickel
immobilized on hydroxyapatite-core-shell γ-Fe2O3
The determination of pHpzc of sorbent was carried out using
a pH titration procedure; 50 cm3 of NaCl 0.01 M solution
was poured into several erlenmeyer flasks. The pH of the
solution within each flask was adjusted to a value between
2 and 9 by addition of HCl 0.1 M or NaOH 0.1 M solution.
Then, 15 mg of catalyst was added to the flasks, and the
final pH was measured after 24 hr. The pHpzc is defined as
the point where the curve pHfinal versus pHinitial crosses the
line pHfinal = pHinitial. The point of zero charge of the
γ-Fe2O3@HAp-Ni2+ was 6.8, and point of zero charge of
the γ-Fe2O3@HAp-Fe2+ was 6.7.
4
| CONCLUSIONS
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introduced, and an environmentally friendly and green
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fides to sulfoxides using H2O2 as oxidant under solvent-free
conditions at room temperature. These catalysts were char-
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