PleaseC dh oe mn oi ct a al dS cj ui es nt cme argins
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All the electrochemical experiments in the work were conducted
using the electrochemical workstation (CHI 660E, Shanghai CH
Instruments Co., China). An H-type cell separated by Nafion 117
membrane was used for the linear sweep voltammetry (LSV)
measurements. There were three electrodes in the system including
L. L. Daemen, A. J. Ramirez-Cuesta, S. Yang and Y. Wang, Nat.
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2
3
4
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working electrode (MC/CP), a platinum gauze auxiliary electrode,
+
and an Ag/Ag (0.01 M AgNO
3
in 0.1 M TBAP-MeCN) reference
1
18, 505-613.
electrode. Prior to experiment, the air in electrolyte was removed
M. Wang, H. Shi, D. M. Camaioni and J. A. Lercher, Angew.
Chem. Int. Ed., 2017, 56, 2110-2114.
by bubbling with N
performed in the potential range of 0.3 to 1.9 V vs. Ag/Ag at a
sweep rate of 20 mV·s . The process was carried out under the
slight magnetic stirring.
2
for 30 minutes. The LSV measurement was
+
S. Chen, R. Wojcieszak, F. Dumeignil, E. Marceau and S.
Royer, Chem. Rev., 2018, 118, 11023-11117.
-1
D. Chandra, Y. Inoue, M. Sasase, M. Kitano, A. Bhaumik, K.
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956.
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)
The EIS experiment was conducted in a single compartment cell
8
9
N. Brun, P. Hesemann and D. Esposito, Chem. Sci., 2017, 8,
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with three electrodes, namely, working electrode, a platinum gauze
+
10 J. Boukouvalas and N. Lachance, Synlett, 1998, 1, 31-32.
auxiliary electrode, and Ag/Ag (0.01 M AgNO
3
in 0.1 M TBAP-
1
1 X. Li, B. Ho, D. S. W. Lim and Y. Zhang, Green Chem., 2017,
MeCN) reference electrode. The EIS spectra were collected using
potentiostatic mode at an open circuit potential of 100 kHz to 100
mHz with an amplitude of 5 mV. The EIS data were fitted by the
ZSimpwin software.
1
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1
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Electrocatalytic oxidation of furfural and product analysis
Electrochemical oxidation of furfural was performed in a typical H-
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2
4337-4340.
electrochemical reduction of CO
electrolytes were [Et NH]NO -MeCN-H
solution (0.2 M), respectively, and the amount of electrolyte in each
chamber was 5.6 g in all experiments. Prior to electrolysis, N was
2
.
The anodic and cathodic
1
6 S. Barwe, J. Weidner, S. Cychy, D. M. Morales, S. Dieckhöfer,
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3
3
2
O and aqueous H SO
2
4
2
1
7 X. Lu and C. Zhao, Nat. Commun., 2015, 6, 6616.
bubbled through the anolyte for 30 min under stirring. Then, 18 F. Franco, M. F. Pinto, B. Royo and J. Lloret-Fillol, Angew.
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furfural (1 mmol) was added into the anolyte, and the
electrochemical reaction was started at a desired applied potential.
After the reaction was conducted for suitable reaction time, the
1
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1
liquid product was analyzed by H NMR (Bruker Avance III 400 HD
2
spectrometer) in D O. The gaseous product was analyzed by gas
2
2
2
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Conflicts of interest
There are no conflicts to declare.
24 H. Hamad, D. Bassyouni, E. El-Ashtoukhy, N. Amin and M. A.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by National Natural Science
Foundation of China (21673249, 21733011), the National Key
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Notes and references
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| J. Name., 2012, 00, 1-3
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