10.1002/cctc.201600927
ChemCatChem
nanoparticles. The obtained hybrid system is characterized by
high activity for the reduction of multiple bonds in cardanol, a bio
oil obtained from cashew nutshell liquids, confirming the
potential of this class of materials as catalysts for biorefinery.
Future studies will focus on in depth studies on composites
HPLC-ESI analysis
HPLC – ESI analysis was performed on a Thermo Scientific
Dionex Ultimate 3000 equipped with a Velos Pro Mass detector
and a UV detector. A Hypersil gold column with 5 µm particle
size was employed as the stationary phase, which was eluted
isocratically with a mixture of acetonitrile (80 %), water (19 %)
and acetic acid (1 %). Data acquisition was performed over 45
min intervals.
based on WCurea
.
Experimental Section
Synthesis of WCurea
WCurea nanoparticles were prepared by carbothermal reduction
of a tungsten-urea gel as described earlier by Giordano et al.[17]
Acknowledgements
We acknowledge the Max Planck Society for financial support.
The technical staff at the MPI is thanked for standard analysis.
We further thank Cardolite for providing us with cardanol.
Synthesis of 10 wt% Ni@WCurea
Nickel nitrate hexahydrate (0.5 g, 1.72 10-3 mol) dissolved in 5
mL water was combined to a solution of citric acid (1.74 g, 9.06
10-3 mol) dissolved in 5 mL water. The molar ratio between citric
acid and nickel was 5:1. The resulting solution was added to
WCurea (1 g) dispersed into 20 mL of water. The suspension was
stirred over night at 70 °C to partially evaporate the solvent and
the resulting slurry was pyrolized in a nitrogen oven at 400 °C for
3 hours.
Keywords: Tungsten carbide• catalysis • selectivity • flow
reactor • hydrogenation • cardanol
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