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Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
Page 9 of 11
DOI: 10.1039/C7CP02729J
Journal Name
ARTICLE
9
H. Zhou, Y. Zhang, C. K. Mai, S. D. Collins, G. C. Bazan, T. Q.
Nguyen and A. J. Heeger, Adv. Mater., 2015, 27, 1767.
bimolecular recombination of the BHJSCs, leading to the
higher PCE of the resultant devices.
10 Y. Liu, X. Wan, F. Wang, J. Zhou, G. Long, J. Tian, J. You, Y.
Yang and Y. Chen, Adv. Energy Mater., 2011, , 771.
1
11 J. Zhou, Y. Zuo, X. Wan, G. Long, Q. Zhang, W. Ni, Y. Liu, Z. Li,
G. He, C. Li, B. Kan, M. Li and Y. Chen, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,
2013, 135, 8484.
12 L. Dou, J. You, Z. Hong, Z. Xu, G. Li, R. A. Street and Y. Yang,
Adv. Mater., 2013, 25, 6642.
Conclusion
Two novel, D1-A-D2-A-D1 structured, small molecule donor
materials (ICT4 and ICT6) with variations in the number of
fluorine atoms on the acceptor moieties (BT for ICT4 and F2BT
for ICT6) are synthesized and explored its effect on the
optical, electronic and photovoltaic properties of the donor
materials. BHJSCs are fabricated using ICT4/ICT6 donor and
PC71BM acceptor materials. BHJSCs with ICT6:PC71BM active
layer processed with TSA (PCE = 7.91 %, JSC = 12.23 mA/cm2,
13 Q. Zhang, B. Kan, F. Liu, G. Long, X. Wan, X. Chen, Y. Zuo, W.
Ni, H. Zhang, M. Li, Z. Hu, F. Huang, Y. Cao, Z. Liang, M.
Zhang, T. P. Russell and Y. Chen, Nat. Photonics, 2014,
14 Y. Liu, C.-C. Chen, Z. Hong, J. Gao, Y. Yang, H. Zhou, L. Dou, G.
Li and Y. Yang, Sci. Rep., 2013, , 3356.
9, 35.
3
15 Y. Patil, R. Misra, M. K. Singh and G. D. Sharma, Phys. Chem.
Chem. Phys., 2017, 19, 7262.
VOC = 0.98 V and FF= 0.66) shows superior photovoltaic 16 Y. Patil, R. Misra, F. C. Chen and G. D. Sharma, Phys. Chem.
Chem. Phys., 2016, 18, 22999.
17 P. Gautam, R. Misra, S. Biswas and G. D. Sharma, Phys. Chem.
Chem. Phys., 2016, 18, 13918.
18 P. Gautam, R. Misra and G. D. Sharma, Phys. Chem. Chem.
Phys., 2016, 18, 7235.
performance over the device with ICT4:PC71BM active layer
(PCE = 5.46 %, JSC = 10.52 mA/cm2, VOC = 0.91 V and FF= 0.57).
Increasing the number of fluorine atoms significantly lowers
down the HOMO level of the donor material and improves the
VOC of BHJSCs. It also enhances the intermolecular interaction 19 T. Jadhav, R. Misra, S. Biswas and G. D. Sharma, Phys. Chem.
Chem. Phys., 2015, 17, 26580.
20 P. Gautam, R. Sharma, R. Misra, M. L. Keshtov, S. A. Kuklin
among the donor materials in their active layer thin films and
results in better hole mobility (9.56 x 10-5 and 1.94 x 10-4
cm2/Vs, respectively for ICT4:PC71BM and ICT6:PC71BM active
layers) and balanced charge transport. Further, fluorine atoms
and G. D. Sharma, Chem. Sci., 2017,
21 Y. Patil, R. Misra, M. L. Keshtov and G. D. Sharma, J. Mater.
Chem. A, 2017, , 3311.
8, 2017.
5
on the acceptor moiety (F2BT) of ICT6, induce favorable 22 G. D. Sharma, Y. Patil, R. Misra and R. Singhal, J. Mater.
Chem. A, DOI 10.1039/C7TA03322B.
23 H. Chen, J. Hou, S. Zhang, Y. Liang, G. Yang, Y. Yang, L. Yu, Y.
nanoscale morphology to ICT6:PC71BM active layer resulting
improved exciton dissociation, charge transport, charge
collection efficiency and reduces bimolecular recombination of
the BHJSCs. Reported PCE (7.91 %) of the BHJSCs with ICT6
Wu and G. Li, Nat. Photonics, 2009,
24 K. Vandewal, K. Tvingstedt, A. Gadisa, O. Inganas and J. V.
Manca, Nat. Mater., 2009, , 904.
3, 649.
8
donor is one among the best reported for BT based donor 25 M. R. Busireddy, V. Mantena, N. R.Chereddy, B. Shanigaram,
B. Kotamarthi, S. Biswas, G. D. Sharma and J. R. Vaidya, Org.
Electron., 2016, 37, 312.
materials.
26 M. R. Busireddy, V. Mantena, N. R. Chereddy, B. Shanigaram,
B. Kotamarthi, S. Biswas, G. D. Sharma and J. R. Vaidya, Phys.
Chem. Chem. Phys., 2016, 18, 32096.
Acknowledgements
27 W. Li, S. Albrecht, L. Yang, S. Roland, J. R. Tumbleston, T.
McAfee, L. Yan, M. A. Kelly, H. Ade, D. Neher and W You, J.
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N.R. Chereddy thanks the DST, India, for INSPIRE faculty
Fellowship. B.M. Reddy and B. Shanigaram thank the UGC and
CSIR, India, for research fellowship. Financial support from
CSIR project NWP0054 is greatly acknowledged.
29 B. Carsten, J. M. Szarko, H. J. Son, W. Wang, L. Lu, F. He, B. S.
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Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI†)
NMR, MALDI-MS, absorption and emission spectra and
theoretical calculations are provided in ESI†.
30 B. S. Rolczynski, J. M. Szarko, H. J. Son, Y. Liang, L. Yu and L. X.
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