3
2
64.7 cell viability went down below 50% (Figure 3a and 3b). These
and Raw 264.3 cell lines. Therefore, these two water-soluble
data indicate that all the three water-soluble pillar[5]arenes are
relatively low in toxicity and promisingly applicable in
pharmaceutical or agricultural additives. Furthermore, cell viability
after treatment with the host−guest complexes (WP5-2-P and WP5-
pillar[5]arenes are good candidates as novel bifunctional chemical
fertilizers. We believe that our work provides a new understanding
and applicable strategy for utilizing macrocycles as novel plant
growth regulators with higher efficiency and multifuctionality in
agricultural research.
3
-P) and paraquat was also measured to evaluate the detoxificating
effectiveness of WP5-2 and WP5-3. Decrease in relative cell
viability was detected with the increase of the concentration of
paraquat. In contrast, the relative cell viability of paraquat was lower
than that of the host–guest complexes WP5-2-P and WP5-3-P at the
same concentrations, which indicated that the formation of the host–
guest complexes reduced the toxicity of paraquat. Hence we believe
WP5-1 has no detoxification effect towards paraquat. However, it’s
still hopeful that the water-soluble pillar[5]arenes WP5-2 and WP5-
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (21434005, 91527301) and the fundamental
research funds for the central universities.
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In conclusion, we demonstrated that three water-soluble
pillar[5]arenes, WP5-1, WP5-2, and WP5-3, are efficient plant
growth regulators to improve the development of buds and roots in
the seedling cultivation stage of wheat. The treatment with these
pillar[5]arenes expedites the growth rate of buds and roots.
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treated with water. Moreover, WP5-2 and WP5-3 performed well
not only in promoting the plant’s growth but also in reducing the
toxicity of poisoning herbicide paraquat by host−guest interactions,
which was confirmed by cell viability experiments towards HEK 293
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