Paper
RSC Advances
Table 2 Solubility of PEEK-PFN-xsa,b
2 Y. Liu, Y. Zhang, Q. Lan, S. Liu, Z. Qin, L. Chen, C. Zhao,
Z. Chi, J. Xu and J. Economy, Chem. Mater., 2012, 24, 1212–
1222.
DMF
DMAc
NMP
DMSO
THF
CHCl3
3 W. Volksen, R. D. Miller and G. Dubois, Chem. Rev., 2010,
110, 56–110.
PEEK-PFN-2
PEEK-PFN-5
++
+
++
+
++
++
+
+
ꢁ
ꢁ
++
++
4 M. Morgen, E. T. Ryan, J. H. Zhao, C. Hu, T. H. Cho and
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5 G. Maier, Prog. Polym. Sci., 2001, 26, 3–65.
6 J. M. Hao, Y. F. Wei and J. X. Mu, RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 87433–
87439.
a
b
Solubility under a mass of liquid: 0.1 g mLꢁ1
.
++, soluble at room
temperature; ꢁ, insoluble even on heating; NMP, N-methyl-2-
pyrrolidone; DMAc, N,N-dimethylacetamide; DMF, N,N-
dimethylformamide; DMSO, dimethylsulfoxide; THF, tetrahydrofuran;
CHCl3, chloroform.
7 R. Q. Na, P. F. Huo, X. R. Zhang, S. L. Zhang, Y. L. Du, K. Zhu,
Y. N. Lu, M. H. Zhang, J. S. Luan and G. B. Wang, RSC Adv.,
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8 Y. N. Lu, S. L. Zhang, Z. Geng, Y. L. Du, K. Zhu, Y. G. Li and
G. B. Wang, RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 72999–73005.
9 B. Dong, Y. Wang, J. H. Pang, S. W. Guan and Z. H. Jiang, RSC
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dielectric polarization rate lagged behind the electric eld,
materials overcame internal resistance and generated power
loss. Enhanced dielectric properties of the polymers were ach-
ieved with the incorporation of peruorononenyl side chains,
without compromising performance in other aspects, such as
the stability of dielectric properties and dielectric loss (Table 2).
10 W. Wei, H. Zhang, S. Guan, Z. Jiang and X. Yue, Polymer,
2012, 53, 5002–5009.
11 W. Chen, Z. Zhou, T. Yang, R. Bei, Y. Zhang, S. Liu, Z. Chi,
X. Chen and J. Xu, React. Funct. Polym., 2016, 108, 71–77.
12 Y. Liu, Y. Zhang, Q. Lan, Z. Qin, S. Liu, C. Zhao, Z. Chi and
J. Xu, J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem., 2013, 51, 1302–
1314.
13 Q. H. Wang, F. Zheng and T. M. Wang, Cryogenics, 2016, 75,
19–25.
14 L. Major, J. M. Lackner, M. Kot and B. Major, Tribol. Int.,
2016, 104, 309–320.
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Conclusions
A new diuoride monomer, 2F-PFN, was synthesized and
introduced into a polymer molecular chain as a bulk pendant
group by condensation copolymerization from resorcin and
4,40-diuorobenzophenone. By incorporating 2F-PFN and
controlling the chemical and repeat unit structure of the poly-
mer at the molecular level, PEEK-PFN-x polymers were obtained
with outstanding low-k and enhanced hydrophobicity. As PEEK-
PFN-x contained a more uniform distribution of uorine, it
possessed better hydrophobicity than PEEK/PTFE-x. PEEK-PFN-
x showed a signicantly improved dielectric constant compared
with that of PEEK/PTFE-x with the same uorine content.
Unlike the blended membrane, for which the dielectric loss was
5.98 ꢀ 10ꢁ3 at 10 kHz, the dielectric loss of PEEK-PFN-x was as
low as 3.00 ꢀ 10ꢁ3 at 10 kHz. This provided new insight into the
development of functional materials with low dielectric
constants and enhanced hydrophobicity. The excellent collec-
tive properties of PEEK-PFN-x, including dielectric properties,
high thermal stability, high hydrophobicity, and good solu-
bility, make it a promising candidate for use in electric elds.
18 J. C. Liu, P. L. Zheng, M. N. Feng and X. B. Liu, Ionics, 2017,
23, 671–679.
19 B. L. Wang, L. H. Hong, Y. F. Li, L. Zhao, Y. X. Wei, C. J. Zhao
and H. Na, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2016, 8, 24079–24088.
20 K. J. Smith, I. D. H. Towle, J. F. Pratte, R. K. Maskell and
M. G. Moloney, Eur. Polym. J., 2016, 84, 538–549.
21 R. Q. Na, G. Z. Huo, S. L. Zhang, P. F. Huo, Y. L. Du,
J. S. Luan, K. Zhu and G. B. Wang, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2016,
4, 18116–18127.
22 L. M. Lin, Z. Chen, Z. P. Zhang, S. N. Feng, B. Liu,
H. B. Zhang, J. H. Pang and Z. H. Jiang, Polymer, 2016, 96,
188–197.
Conflicts of interest
There are no conicts to declare.
23 J. A. Feng, Y. W. Xu, Y. Sun, S. Y. Wen, Y. L. Lei, L. Zhang and
J. C. Huo, J. Polym. Res., 2016, 23, 7.
Acknowledgements
24 Y. Zhang, X. Sun, R. Xu, Y. Niu, G. Wang and Z. Jiang, Mater.
Chem. Phys., 2006, 99, 465–469.
25 Y. Niu, X. Zhu, L. Liu, Y. Zhang, G. Wang and Z. Jiang, React.
Funct. Polym., 2006, 66, 559–566.
26 X. Ma, B. Liu, D. Wang, G. Wang, S. Guan and Z. Jiang, Mater.
Lett., 2006, 60, 1369–1373.
This work was nancially supported by the Science and Tech-
nology Department of Jilin Province Foundation (No.
20160203006GX and 20170203008GX). The authors also thank
Lifeng Wang and Yan Wang from the Alan G. MacDiarmid
Institute for their kind help with structural characterization.
27 W. Hu, C. Chen, Z. Jiang, W. Zhang and B. Liu, Polym. Adv.
Technol., 2003, 14, 221–225.
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