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at lower pressures.
Reaction temperatures ranging from 60 to 120 °C were then
tested (see Fig. 9c). Strikingly, 80 °C is the temperature of choice
since lower and higher temperatures led to lower reaction rates.
While lower temperatures lead to slower reactions, the low rates
observed at higher temperatures may well be due to catalyst
decomposition. This effect is easily observable at 120 °C were the
reaction starts very fast but slows down rapidly.
The concentration of Rh was kept low in our experiments to allow
rate measurements with the equipment. In practice, the rhodium
concentration could be raised, while the phosphite concentration
can be kept at the same level. This increases the space-time yield
and reduces the amount of phosphite used per rhodium.
As concerns a practical application, as a solvent propanal could
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Acknowledgments
We are indebted to the Dow Chemical Company and the ICIQ
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