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RSC Advances
Page 6 of 7
DOI: 10.1039/C6RA00448B
ARTICLE
Journal Name
glucose into LA. On the other hand, microwave irradiation 15 P. Lenihan, A. Orozco, E. O Neill, M. Ahmad, D. W. Rooney, G.
further promotes this salt effect by its characteristic heating M. Walker, Chem. Eng. J., 2010, 156, 395-403.
way of ion conduction. Therefore, microwave field and high 16 Â. C. Salvador, M. D. C. Santos, J. A. Saraiva, Green Chem.,
ion strength jointly accelerate the depolymerisation and 2010, 12, 632-635.
hydrolysis of cellulose and formation of LA within a short time 17 Y. -B. Huang, Y. Fu, Green Chem., 2013, 15, 1095-1111.
under acidic high salt condition.
18 R. W. Torget, J. S. Kim, Y. Y. Lee, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2000,
39, 2817-2825.
19 D. W. Rackemann, W. O. Doherty, Biofuels, Bioprod. Bioref.,
4. Conclusion
2011, 5, 198-214.
20 J. Horvat, B. Klaic, B. Metelko, V. Sunjic, Tetrahedron Lett.,
1985, 26, 2111-2114.
In summary, we report a microwave-assisted one-pot catalytic
process which can accomplish a fast conversion of cellulose
into LA with a high yield within a short time and all the
reactants is used without any pretreatment. It is found that
high ion strength and microwave irradiation jointly facilitate
the fast conversion of cellulose and the effective production of
LA, and a cooperating acceleration mechanism is proposed
finally. Such a catalytic process not only provides an alternative
route to achieve high-efficient conversion of cellulose in one
pot but also allows its use on a practical scale.
21 Á. Szabolcs, M. Molnár, G. Dibó, L. T. Mika, Green Chem.,
2013, 15, 439-445.
22 A. M. R. Galletti, C. Antonetti, E. Ribechini, M. P. Colombini,
N. N. O Di Nasso, E. Bonari, Appl. Energy, 2013, 102, 157-162.
23 P. Kumar, D. M. Barrett, M. J. Delwiche, P. Stroeve, Ind. Eng.
Chem. Res., 2009, 48, 3713-3729.
24 General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications, 8th
Edition, by P. H. Petrucci, W. S. Harwood, F. G. Herring,
Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Prentice Hall, 2002.
25 An Introduction to Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions, by M. R.
Wright, Wiley, 2007.
Acknowledgements
26 P. Debye, E. Hückel, Physikalische Zeitschrift, 1923, 24, 185-
206.
This work was supported by the 973 Program (2013CB934101),
NSFC (21433002, 21473037, 21171041, U1463206), and the
National Plan for Science and Technology (14-PET827-02).
27 Á. Szabolcs, M. Molnár, G. Dibó and L. T. Mika, Green Chem.,
2013, 15, 439-445.
28 T. Flannelly, M. Lopes, L. Kupiainen, S. Dooley, J. J. Leahy, RSC
Adv., 2016, 6, 5797-5804.
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