Table 1 DL and QL of 1 and 2 for water determination in
various solvents
in the atmosphere are now in progress and will be reported in a
subsequent paper.
This work was supported by A Research for Promoting
Technological Seeds from Japan Science and Technology
Agency (JST), and by the Ogasawara Foundation for the
Promotion of Science & Engineering.
Compound
Solvent
DL
QL
1
Acetonitrile
Ethanol
1,4-Dioxane
THF
Acetonitrile
Ethanol
0.1 wt%
0.1 wt%
0.2 wt%
0.2 wt%
0.04 wt%
0.04 wt%
0.4 wt%
0.2 wt%
0.7 wt%
0.5 wt%
0.1 wt%
0.1 wt%
2
Notes and references
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Clarification of detailed mechanisms of the PET and hydrolysis
processes is required to design more efficient fluorescent dyes
for the water sensor based on PET.
We estimated the detection limit (DL) and quantitation
limit (QL) based on the following equations: DL = 3.3s/msl
and QL = 10s/msl, where s is the standard deviation of the
blank sample and msl is the slope of the calibration curve in the
region of the low water content (below 1.0 wt%), respectively
(Table 1). The DL and QL of anthracene–boronic acid ester 2
are, respectively, 0.2 and 0.7 wt% for 1,4-dioxane, 0.2 and
0.5 wt% for THF, 0.04 and 0.1 wt% for acetonitrile and 0.04
and 0.1 wt% for ethanol, which are much higher than those of
anthracene–amino acid 1. Furthermore, the addition of 1 wt%
ethanol to acetonitrile solution of 2 or the addition of 1 wt%
acetonitrile to THF solution of 2 caused no change in the
fluorescence intensity, which is indicative of high selectivity
of 2 for sensing water. These results show that anthracene–
boronic acid ester 2 acts as a highly efficient fluorescence PET
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In conclusion, we have designed and synthesized anthracene–
boronic acid ester to develop a new class of fluorescence PET
sensors for detection of water in organic solvents. An enhance-
ment in fluorescence is observed with increasing water content
in various organic solvents, which is attributable to the
suppression of PET by the formation of the fluorescent ionic
structure by hydrolysis. The DL and QL of anthracene–boronic
acid ester in various solvents are higher than those of anthracene-
amino acid. The fluorophore–boronic acid ester system is one
of the most promising classes of fluorescence PET sensors for
detection of a trace amount of water. Further studies on
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c
4450 Chem. Commun., 2011, 47, 4448–4450
This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2011