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Catalysis Science & Technology
DOI: 10.1039/C5CY01944C
COMMUNICATION
Journal Name
Cs CO , abstracts the acetylenic proton of the terminal alkyne, 5.
C. I. Ezugwu, O. T. Ujam, P. O. Ukoha and N. N. Ukwueze,
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3
thereby enhancing the coordination of the acetylene ligand to the
metal and the liberation of HX. The pH of series of the Sonogashira
6
7
8
9
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.
.
.
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2, 3269-3284.
.
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Scheme 1 The plausible catalytic cycle for Sonogashira coupling
using 1-Pd.
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5
coupling reactions’ mixture was analyzed before and after the
reactions. The observed pH of the reaction mixtures dropped from
the range 9.22-9.37 to 8.83-8.90 before and after the reaction
respectively. This was attributed to the liberation of HX.
5
J. Huang, W. Wang and H. Li, ACS Catal., 2013, 3, 1526-
1536.
In summary, we synthesized a bent aromatic azolium ligand 17.
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which was employed to construct 1. The carbene protons in the 1
1
1
2
8.
9.
0.
were still intact, thus the framework was post-synthetically
modified in order to design a new heterogeneous NHCs catalyst (1-
Pd) that is highly active (with low catalyst loading) for Sonogashira
cross-coupling reaction for various substituted aryl halides with
terminal alkynes. 1-Pd presents a high density and uniform
2
840-2855.
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5
K. V. Ranganath, S. Onitsuka, A. K. Kumar and J. Inanaga,
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distribution of the active site, NHCs-Pd, in the framework and 21.
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retains its catalytic activity for at least four cycles without losing its
2
2
2
2
2
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
structural integrity. Optimization of the reaction conditions of 1-Pd
for the Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction, as well as extension of
their applications to other Pd-catalyzed cross coupling reactions are
still in progress.
5
S. Verma, J. Le Bras, S. L. Jain and J. Muzart, Dalton Trans.,
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to express their deep accolade to “State Key
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013, 42, 14454-14459.
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Lab of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and
Processing” for financial support. F.V. acknowledges the Chinese 27.
Central Government for an “Expert of the state” position in the 28.
program of “Thousand talents”. C.I.E., M.A.A., and H.V. express
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2
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9.
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G. Liu, M. Hou, T. Wu, T. Jiang, H. Fan, G. Yang and B. Han,
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D. Hong, S. Mandal, Y. Yamada, Y.-M. Lee, W. Nam, A.
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their deep appreciation to the Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC) for
the financial support for their PhD study grant 2013GXZ987,
2013GXZ983 and 2013GXZ989 respectively.
Notes and references
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