RSC Advances
Communication
2 (a) F. Steffen-Munsberg, C. Vickers, H. Kohls, H. Land,
H. Mallin, A. Nobili, L. Skalden, T. V. D. Bergh,
¨
H. J. Joosten, P. Berglund, M. Hohne and
U. T. Bornscheuer, Biotechnol. Adv., 2015, 33, 566; (b)
D. Ghislieri and N. J. Turner, Top. Catal., 2014, 57, 284; (c)
¨
H. Kohls, F. Steffen-Munsberg and M. Hohne, Curr. Opin.
Biotechnol., 2014, 19, 180; (d) M. S. Malik, E. S. Park and
J. S. Shin, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2012, 94, 1163; (e)
S. Mathew and H. Yun, ACS Catal., 2012, 2, 993.
3 R. C. Simon, N. Richter, E. Busto and W. Kroutil, ACS Catal.,
2014, 4, 129.
4 C. K. Savile, J. M. Janey, E. C. Mundorff, J. C. Moore, S. Tam,
W. R. Jarvis, J. C. Colbeck, A. Krebber, F. J. Fleitz, J. Brands,
P. N. Devine, G. W. Hmauisn and G. J. Hughes, Science, 2010,
329, 305.
5 A. R. Martin, R. Disanto, I. Plotnikov, S. Kammat,
D. Shonnard and S. Pannuri, Biochem. Eng. J., 2007, 37, 246.
6 K. Deepankumar, M. Shon, S. P. Nadarajan, G. Shin,
S. Mathew, N. Ayyadurai, B. G. Kim, S. H. Choi, S. H. Lee
and H. Yun, Adv. Synth. Catal., 2014, 356, 993.
7 K. Deepankumar, S. P. Nadarajan, S. Mathew, S.-G. Lee,
T. H. Yoo, E. Y. Hong, B. G. Kim and H. Yun,
ChemCatChem, 2015, 7, 417.
Fig. 3 (A) Reaction scheme for the synthesis of (R)-sec-butylamine.
(B) Reaction profile of sec-butylamine at different temperatures.
8 S. Mathew, S. P. Nadarajan, T. Chung, H. H. Park and H. Yun,
Enzyme Microb. Technol., 2016, 87, 52–60.
9 Y. Chen, D. Yi, S. Jiang and D. Wei, Appl. Microbiol.
Biotechnol., 2016, 100, 3101–3111.
10 M. Hohne, S. Schatzle, H. Jochens, K. Robins and
U. T. Bornscheuer, Nat. Chem. Biol., 2010, 6, 807.
11 J. Jiang, X. Chen, D. Zhang, Q. Wu and D. Zhu, Appl.
Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2015, 99, 2613.
12 K. H. Kong, M. P. Hong, S. S. Choi, Y. T. Kim and S. H. Cho,
Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem., 2000, 31, 113.
13 S. Y. Yoon, H. S. Noh, E. H. Kim and K. H. Kong, Comp.
Biochem. Physiol., Part B: Biochem. Mol. Biol., 2002, 132, 415.
14 J. S. Shin, H. Yun, J. W. Jang, I. Park and B. G. Kim, Appl.
Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2013, 61, 463.
15 F. H. Niesen, H. Berglund and M. Vedadi, Nat. Protoc., 2007,
2, 2212–2221.
16 S. Chen, H. Land, P. Berglund and M. S. Humble, J. Mol.
Catal. B: Enzym., 2016, 124, 20.
17 A. Nobili, F. Steffen-Munsberg, H. Kohls, I. Trentin,
glucose, 1.4 U u-TATR) was performed. Since, the enzymes used
in the pyruvate removal system (lactate dehydrogenase and
glucose dehydrogenase) were not thermostable, the reaction
was performed in 37 ꢀC. However, the generated (S)-a-MBA was
only 16%, albeit with good optical purity (ee > 99%). Since u-
TATR was thermostable, u-TATR (2 U mLꢁ1) was utilized to
synthesize (S)-a-MBA using 200 mM isoprꢀopylamine as amino
donor. The reaction was performed at 60 C to remove inhibi-
tory acetone (boiling point 56 ꢀC) which resulted in 75.6% yield
in 6 h. These results clearly demonstrate the benet of using
a u-TATR for biotransformation.
In summary, a novel thermostable u-TA from Thermomi-
crobium roseum was functionally characterized and its utility in
synthesizing amines was demonstrated. The enzyme's stability
at very high temperature was effectively used to remove volatile
by-product such as inhibitory ketones without employing any
co-enzymes or by-product removal system.
¨
C. Schulzke, M. Hohne and U. T. Bornscheuer,
Acknowledgements
ChemCatChem, 2015, 7, 757.
18 K. E. Cassimjee, M. S. Humble, V. Abedi and P. Berglund,
Org. Biomol. Chem., 2012, 10, 5466.
19 H. Yun, B. K. Cho and B. G. Kim, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 2004,
87, 772.
This work was supported by Basic Science Research Program
through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology,
Korea (NRF-2013R1A2A2A01068013).
20 J. S. Shin and B. G. Kim, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 1997, 55, 48.
References
1 F. Michael, J. E. Farnberger and W. Kroutil, Eur. J. Org.
Chem., 2015, 6965.
69260 | RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 69257–69260
This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016