Chemistry - A European Journal p. 1846 - 1851 (1997)
Update date:2022-08-30
Topics:
Nieuwenhuizen, Peter J.
Timal, Sandjai
Haasnoot, Jaap G.
Spek, Anthony L.
Reedijk, Jan
Model studies have shown that cross-link precursors, that is, intermediates in the sulfur vulcanization of rubber, are transformed into cross-links by a nonsymmetric but regioselective disproportionation mechanism. Thus, two equivalents of the cross-link precursor of the type R-S-S-X are transformed into X-S-X and the actual cross-link R-S-S-S-R. Exchange of sulfur atoms is a prerequisite. A mechanism involving an S(N)i' reaction with an allylic moiety, suggested in the literature, has not been observed. The disproportionation reaction is catalyzed by rubber-soluble zinc-dithio-carbamate complexes, an important class of vulcanization accelerators. By virtue of ligand-functional-group exchange reactions these complexes serve to transport and exchange sulfur atoms.
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