ChemSusChem
10.1002/cssc.202001561
FULL PAPER
Catalytic reactions
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The catalytic reactions were performed in a 10 mL Teflon lined stainless-
steel autoclave equipped with a magnetic stirrer. For a typical run, the
autoclave was fed with α-hydroxy acid (0.5 mmol), NH
[
9]
3
•
H
2
O (25 wt%, 2.5
(5 times). The
mL) and catalyst (50 mg), then sealed and purged by H
2
reaction was performed at desired temperature with certain hydrogen
pressure for a known time under stirring of 600 rpm. After the reaction,
product/catalyst separation was performed by simple filtration, and water
was removed by vacuum-rotary evaporation procedure. In the catalyst
recycling experiment, centrifugation was applied to separate the catalyst.
The catalyst was reused directly after drying.
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The product quantitative analysis was carried out by H NMR (s-trioxane
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6149.
as internal standard) using D
2
O as solvent, qualitative analysis was
performed by 3C NMR (Bruker Advance III 400 HD spectrometer)
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equipment using D O as solvent.
2
Catalyst characterization
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performed using a Perkin Elmer Optima 2000 OV inductively coupled
plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The microstructural
properties were determined using a transmission electron microscope
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(
TEM, Hitachi, HT-7700) which operated at 120 KV and equipped with
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Acknowledgements
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This work was financially supported by the National Key Research
and Development Program of China (2017YFA 0403103 and
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2
017YFA0403003), National Natural Science Foundation of
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(
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Keywords: Biomass • Amination • Amino acids • Heterogeneous
catalyst • Electronic effect
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