RSC Advances
Paper
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4 Conclusions
The ILC properties of a series of gemini surfactants, whose head
groups contain four hydroxyl groups, were investigated. The spacer
locates near the ionic head groups of these surfactants, affecting
tremendously the ILC properties. The presence of multiple
hydroxyl groups facilitates the ILC phase formation at rather low
temperatures. Unusual phase transition behavior, the slow release
behavior of phase enthalpy below the phase transition tempera-
ture, has been discovered in 12(2OH)-s-12(2OH) samples. This
phenomenon is the synergistic results of spacer length and
multiple hydroxyl groups and is rare to nd in ILC systems formed
by low-molecular weight surfactants. In the future, novel
sustained-release materials of phase transition heat based on ILC
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Acknowledgements
Supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (31300486) and the open research fund of Jiangsu Prov-
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